scholarly journals Reporting adverse events in a large community-based public health trial (building blocks): what gets reported and how does it vary?

Trials ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gwenllian Moody ◽  
Eleri Owen-Jones ◽  
Rebecca Cannings-John ◽  
Carolyn Wallace ◽  
Mike Robling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Large Community

scholarly journals Approaches to participant recruitment and predictors of retention in a large community based public health trial: findings from the building blocks trial

Trials ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleri Owen-Jones ◽  
Mike Robling ◽  
Julia Sanders ◽  
Rebecca Cannings-John ◽  
Gwenllian Moody
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Participant Recruitment ◽  
Large Community

Increased Red Blood Cell Distribution Width Is Associated With Greater Risk of All-Cause, Cardiovascular and Non-Cardiovascular Mortality in a Large Community-Based Cohort

Circulation ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 118 (suppl_18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd Perlstein
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Cell Distribution ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Distribution Width ◽  
Large Community ◽  
Red Blood Cell Distribution

Abstract 1253 Todd S Perlstein, Brigham and Women’s Hosp, Boston, MA; Jennifer Weuve, Harvard Sch of Public Health, Boston, MA; Marc A Pfeffer, Joshua A Beckman, Brigham and Women’s Hosp, Boston, MA Todd Perlstein, 2008 Finalist and Presenting Author

scholarly journals Impact of individual-level characteristics and transmission mitigation behaviors on SARS-CoV-2 infection and seroprevalence in a large Northern California Bay Area cohort

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cameron Adams ◽  
Mary Horton ◽  
Olivia Solomon ◽  
Marcus Wong ◽  
Sean L. Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
Northern California ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Health Measures ◽  
Large Community ◽  
Bay Area

AbstractComprehensive data on transmission mitigation behaviors and SARS-CoV-2 infection and serostatus are needed from large, community-based cohorts to identify SARS-CoV-2 risk factors and impact of public health measures. From July 2020 to March 2021, ≈5,500 adults from the East Bay Area, California were followed over three data collection rounds. We estimated the prevalence of antibodies from SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 vaccination, and self-reported COVID-19 test positivity. Population-adjusted SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence was low, increasing from 1.03% (95% CI: 0.50-1.96) in Round 1 (July-September 2020), to 1.37% (95% CI: 0.75-2.39) in Round 2 (October-December 2020), to 2.18% (95% CI: 1.48-3.17) in Round 3 (February-March 2021). Population-adjusted seroprevalence of COVID-19 vaccination was 21.64% (95% CI: 19.20-24.34) in Round 3. Despite >99% of participants reporting wearing masks, non-Whites, lower-income, and lower-educated individuals had the highest SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence and lowest vaccination seroprevalence. Our results demonstrate that more effective policies are needed to address these disparities and inequities.

scholarly journals Community-Based Cardiac Rehabilitation Conducted in a Public Health Center in South Korea: A Preliminary Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 481-492
Author(s):  
Sora Baek ◽  
Yuncheol Ha ◽  
Jaemin Mok ◽  
Hee-won Park ◽  
Hyo-Rim Son ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Young Old

Objective To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the community-based cardiac rehabilitation (CBCR) program that we had developed.Methods Individuals aged >40 years with cardiovascular disease or its risk factors who were residing in a rural area were recruited as study subjects. The CBCR program, which consisted of 10 education sessions and 20 weeks of customized exercises (twice a week), was conducted in a public health center for 22 weeks. Comprehensive outcomes including body weight, blood glucose level, and 6-minute walk distance (6MWD) were measured at baseline, 11th week, and completion. Furthermore, the outcomes of young-old (65–74 years) and old-old (≥75 years) female subjects were compared.Results Of 31 subjects, 21 completed the program (completion rate, 67.7%). No adverse events were observed, and none of the subjects discontinued the exercise program because of chest pain, dyspnea, and increased blood pressure. Body weight and blood glucose level were significantly decreased, and 6MWD was significantly increased following program implementation (p<0.05). Both young-old and old-old women exhibited an improvement in blood glucose level and 6MWD test (p<0.05).Conclusion We reported the results of the first attempted CBCR in South Korea that was implemented without adverse events during the entire program. Improved aerobic exercise ability and reduced risk factors in all participants were observed. These improvements were also achieved by older adults aged ≥75 years.

Risk Attitudes and Behavior Among Norwegian Adolescents

2005 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilde Iversen ◽  
Torbjørn Rundmo ◽  
Hroar Klempe
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Behavior Modification ◽  
Health Programs ◽  
Risk Attitudes ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Public Health Programs ◽  
The Core ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

Abstract. The core aim of the present study is to compare the effects of a safety campaign and a behavior modification program on traffic safety. As is the case in community-based health promotion, the present study's approach of the attitude campaign was based on active participation of the group of recipients. One of the reasons why many attitude campaigns conducted previously have failed may be that they have been society-based public health programs. Both the interventions were carried out simultaneously among students aged 18-19 years in two Norwegian high schools (n = 342). At the first high school the intervention was behavior modification, at the second school a community-based attitude campaign was carried out. Baseline and posttest data on attitudes toward traffic safety and self-reported risk behavior were collected. The results showed that there was a significant total effect of the interventions although the effect depended on the type of intervention. There were significant differences in attitude and behavior only in the sample where the attitude campaign was carried out and no significant changes were found in the group of recipients of behavior modification.

1608-P: Suboptimal Management of Diabetes in India: Findings from a Large Community-Based Study

Diabetes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1608-P
Author(s):  
SAILESH MOHAN ◽  
NIKHIL SRINIVASAPURA VENKATESHMURTHY ◽  
PRASHANT JARHYAN ◽  
GANESH KUMAR SHARNNGADHARAN
Keyword(s):  
Community Based ◽  
Large Community

scholarly journals Designer Benzodiazepines: A Review of Toxicology and Public Health Risks

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 560
Author(s):  
Pietro Brunetti ◽  
Raffaele Giorgetti ◽  
Adriano Tagliabracci ◽  
Marilyn A. Huestis ◽  
Francesco Paolo Busardò
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Drug Market ◽  
Driving Under The Influence ◽  
Self Administration ◽  
Public Health Risks ◽  
Drug Offense ◽  
Legal Sanctions ◽  
Designer Benzodiazepines

The rising use of designer benzodiazepines (DBZD) is a cat-and-mouse game between organized crime and law enforcement. Non-prohibited benzodiazepines are introduced onto the global drug market and scheduled as rapidly as possible by international authorities. In response, DBZD are continuously modified to avoid legal sanctions and drug seizures and generally to increase the abuse potential of the DBZD. This results in an unpredictable fluctuation between the appearance and disappearance of DBZD in the illicit market. Thirty-one DBZD were considered for review after consulting the international early warning database, but only 3-hydroxyphenazepam, adinazolam, clonazolam, etizolam, deschloroetizolam, diclazepam, flualprazolam, flubromazepam, flubromazolam, meclonazepam, phenazepam and pyrazolam had sufficient data to contribute to this scoping review. A total of 49 reports describing 1 drug offense, 2 self-administration studies, 3 outpatient department admissions, 44 emergency department (ED) admissions, 63 driving under the influence of drugs (DUID) and 141 deaths reported between 2008 and 2021 are included in this study. Etizolam, flualprazolam flubromazolam and phenazepam were implicated in the majority of adverse-events, drug offenses and deaths. However, due to a general lack of knowledge of DBZD pharmacokinetics and toxicity, and due to a lack of validated analytical methods, total cases are much likely higher. Between 2019 and April 2020, DBZD were identified in 48% and 83% of postmortem and DUID cases reported to the UNODC, respectively, with flualprazolam, flubromazolam and etizolam as the most frequently detected substances. DBZD toxicology, public health risks and adverse events are reported.

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