scholarly journals Six-month low level chlorine dioxide gas inhalation toxicity study with two-week recovery period in rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akinori Akamatsu ◽  
Cheolsung Lee ◽  
Hirofumi Morino ◽  
Takanori Miura ◽  
Norio Ogata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorine Dioxide ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Toxicity Study ◽  
Inhalation Toxicity ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Chlorine Dioxide Gas ◽  
Gas Inhalation

scholarly journals Aerosols of synthetic amorphous silica do not induce fibrosis in lungs after inhalation: Pathology working group review of histopathological specimens from a subchronic 13-week inhalation toxicity study in rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 239784731880527
Author(s):  
Klaus Weber ◽  
Axel Bosch ◽  
Mario Bühler ◽  
Chirukandath Gopinath ◽  
Jerry F Hardisty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amorphous Silica ◽  
Working Group ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Toxicity Study ◽  
Inhalation Toxicity ◽  
Synthetic Amorphous Silica ◽  
Comparative Group ◽  
Quartz Dust ◽  
High Level ◽  
Dose Levels

In a subchronic (13-week) inhalation toxicity study with a terminal sacrifice (after 13 weeks inhalation) and several recovery period sacrifices (13, 26, 39, and 52 weeks), the effects of AEROSIL® 200 (pyrogenic synthetic amorphous silica (SAS)), AEROSIL® R 974 (surface-treated pyrogenic SAS), and SIPERNAT® 22 S (precipitated SAS) were tested in rats at multiple dose levels. The aforementioned materials are all SAS products. A comparative group of animals was exposed to quartz dust. This study attempts to reexamine the lung tissues originally evaluated in a study published by Reuzel et al. using the current standards. To reach a high level of credibility, the results of the reevaluation were subsequently examined by a pathology working group (PWG). In particular, the reevaluating pathologist and the PWG concluded that, even though quartz (crystalline silica) persisted, induced alterations in the lungs following 13 weeks of exposure to amorphous silicas were reversible following 52 weeks of recovery. A long-term adversity has not been established with SAS products. However, quartz dust damages lungs significantly by causing pulmonary fibrosis.

scholarly journals Respiratory Safety Evaluation in Mice and Inhibition of Adenoviral Amplification in Human Bronchial Endothelial Cells Using a Novel Type of Chlorine Dioxide Gas Reactor

Toxics ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Hae-Sung Yang ◽  
Kyeong-Min Kim ◽  
Napissara Boonpraman ◽  
Sun-Mi Yoon ◽  
Jeong-Eun Seo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorine Dioxide ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Recombinant Adenovirus ◽  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Inhalation Toxicity ◽  
Bronchial Epithelial ◽  
Chlorine Dioxide Gas ◽  
New Type ◽  
Inhibitory Power

Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been a growing demand for effective and safe disinfectants. A novel use of chlorine dioxide (ClO2) gas, which can satisfy such demand, has been reported. However, its efficacy and safety remain unclear. For the safe use of this gas, the stable release of specific concentrations is a must. A new type of ClO2 generator called Dr.CLOTM has recently been introduced. This study aimed to investigate: (1) the effects of Dr.CLOTM on inhibiting adenoviral amplification on human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells; and (2) the acute inhalation safety of using Dr.CLOTM in animal models. After infecting HBE cells with a recombinant adenovirus, the inhibitory power of Dr.CLOTM on the virus was expressed as IFU/mL in comparison with the control group. The safety of ClO2 gas was indirectly predicted using mice by measuring single-dose inhalation toxicity in specially designed chambers. Dr.CLOTM was found to evaporate in a very constant concentration range at 0–0.011 ppm/m3 for 42 days. In addition, 36–100% of adenoviral amplification was suppressed by Dr.CLOTM, depending on the conditions. The LC50 of ClO2 gas to mice was approximately 68 ppm for males and 141 ppm for females. Histopathological evaluation showed that the lungs of female mice were more resistant to the toxicity from higher ClO2 gas concentrations than those of male mice. Taken together, these results indicate that Dr.CLOTM can be used to provide a safe indoor environment due to its technology that maintains the stable concentration and release of ClO2 gas, which could suppress viral amplification and may prevent viral infections.

90-Day Inhalation Toxicity Study of FT Fuel

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Mattie ◽  
Teresa R. Sterner ◽  
Brian A. Wong ◽  
Darol E. Dodd ◽  
Debra K. Layko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxicity Study ◽  
Inhalation Toxicity

Acute Inhalation Toxicity Study of 1, 4-Dioxane in Rats (Rattus norvegicus)

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Mattie ◽  
Timothy W. Bucher ◽  
Ashton L. Carter ◽  
Deidre E. Stoffregen ◽  
James E. Reboulet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Toxicity Study ◽  
Inhalation Toxicity

scholarly journals Inactivation of Salmonella on Eggshells by Chlorine Dioxide Gas

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyobi Kim ◽  
Bora Yum ◽  
Sung-Sik Yoon ◽  
Kyoung-Ju Song ◽  
Jong-Rak Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorine Dioxide ◽  
Chlorine Dioxide Gas

Effect of Chlorine Dioxide Gas Treatment on Surface Sterilization of Grape

2011 ◽  
Vol 236-238 ◽  
pp. 2939-2944 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ri Ya Jin ◽  
Shuang Qi Hu ◽  
Zhi Chao Chi
Keyword(s):  
Chlorine Dioxide ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Gas Treatment ◽  
Surface Sterilization ◽  
Log Reduction ◽  
Chlorine Dioxide Gas ◽  
Spoilage Bacteria ◽  
Effect Of Chlorine

Experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of concentration and duration of chlorine dioxide gas treatment on Surface sterilization of grape at 25°C. The results showed that the values of inactivate bacterial log reduction ofBotrytis cinerea,Penicilliumandalternariaincreased with the increasing of ClO2gas concentrations and treatment time. When the concentrations and treatment time was about 10 mg/m3and 30 minutes, respectively, more than 4 log reduction was obtained for the three spoilage bacteria on grape surface. Furthermore, the effect of chlorine dioxide gas treatment on quality of grape was investigated. It was found that the contents of vitamin C (Vc) and reducing sugar (RS) in grape also increased compared with grape without ClO2gas treatment.

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