scholarly journals The diversity of the fecal bacterial community and its relationship with the concentration of volatile fatty acids in the feces during subacute rumen acidosis in dairy cows

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengyong Mao ◽  
Ruiyang Zhang ◽  
Dongsheng Wang ◽  
Weiyun Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Rumen Acidosis ◽  
Fecal Bacterial Community

scholarly journals Dose Response of Dairy Cows to Ammonium Salts of Volatile Fatty Acids

1990 ◽  
Vol 73 (8) ◽  
pp. 2168-2178 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.E. Otterby ◽  
D.G. Johnson ◽  
R. Towns ◽  
R.M. Cook ◽  
R.A. Erdman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Ammonium Salts

Intraruminal administration ofMegasphaera elsdeniimodulated rumen fermentation profile in mid-lactation dairy cows

2011 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qendrim Zebeli ◽  
Sarah J Terrill ◽  
Alberto Mazzolari ◽  
Suzanna M Dunn ◽  
Wen Z Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Plasma Metabolites ◽  
Fermentation Profile

This study evaluated the effects of intraruminal administration ofMegasphaera elsdeniion ruminal fermentation patterns, the profile of plasma metabolites, and milk yield and composition of mid-lactation dairy cows. Eight primiparous, ruminally cannulated Holstein cows were arranged in a paired 2×2 crossover design. Cows were randomly assigned to one of two treatments: 1) intraruminal inoculation of 35 ml suspension per day ofM. elsdeniiATCC 25940 (MEGA), containing 108cfu/ml of bacteria, dissolved in 35 ml of saline (0·15m), or 2) carrier alone (35 ml saline; CTR). Both postprandial and preprandial rumen volatile fatty acids (VFA) and plasma metabolite measurements were analysed. Postprandial VFA patterns were affected the most, with butyrate (P<0·01) and valerate (P<0·01) proportions increasing, and acetate (P<0·01), isobutyrate (P=0·05) and isovalerate (P<0·01) decreasing in MEGA cows. Preprandial data measured at various days showed that MEGA dosage tended to increase the molar proportion of propionate (P=0·09) and lower the acetate to propionate ratio (P=0·07) in the rumen fluid. There was no effect of treatment on rumen pH and on the concentration of lactate in the rumen as well as on selected preprandial plasma metabolites. Postprandial plasma concentrations of cholesterol tended to increase (P=0·07) in MEGA cows compared with CTR. Concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) in the plasma were lower in MEGA cows after the morning feeding (P<0·01). Sampling hour also affected plasma NEFA in this study. Plasma β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) were not affected by the treatment (P>0·05); however, after the morning feeding BHBA concentration was increased in both groups of cows. Dry matter intake and milk yield and composition were not affected by treatment. In conclusion, results indicate thatM. elsdeniihas the potential to modulate the rumen fermentation profile in mid-lactation Holstein cows, but these effects were only slightly reflected in changes in plasma metabolites and milk composition.

scholarly journals Absorption of volatile fatty acids from the rumen of lactating dairy cows as influenced by volatile fatty acid concentration, pH and rumen liquid volume

1993 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 385-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Dijkstra ◽  
Huug Boer ◽  
Jaap Van Bruchem ◽  
Marianne Bruining ◽  
Seerp Tamminga
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Absorption Rate ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Liquid Volume ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acid Concentration ◽  
Fractional Absorption

The effect of rumen liquid volume, pH and concentration of volatile fatty acids (VFA) on the rates of absorption of acetic, propionic and butyric acids from the rumen was examined in lactating dairy cows. Experimental solutions introduced into the emptied, washed rumen comprised two different volumes (10 or 30 1), four levels of pH (4.5, 5.4, 6.3, 7.2) and three levels of individual VFA concentrations (20, 50 or 100 mM-acetic, propionic or butyric acid). All solutions contained a total of 170 mM-VFA and an osmotic value of 400 mOsmol/l. Absorption rates were calculated from the disappearance of VFA from the rumen corrected for passage with liquid phase to the omasum. An increase in initial fluid pH caused a reduction in fractional absorption rates of propionic and butyric acids. Increasing the initial pH from 4.5 to 7.2 reduced fractional absorption rates of acetic, propionic and butyric acids from 0.35, 0.67 and 0.85 to 0.21, 0.35 and 0.28/h respectively. The fractional absorption rates of all VFA were reduced (P < 0.05) by an increase in initial rumen volume. The fractional absorption rate of acetic acid was lower (P < 0.05) at an initial concentration of 20 mM than of 50 mM. The fractional absorption rate of propionic acid tended (P < 0.10) to decrease as the level of concentration increased while fractional absorption rate of butyric acid was not affected by butyric acid concentration. These results indicate that relative concentrations of VFA in rumen fluid might not represent relative production rates and that attempts to estimate individual VFA production from substrate digestion must take account of pH and VFA concentration.

Bacterial community structure in maximum volatile fatty acids production from alginate in acidogenesis

2014 ◽  
Vol 157 ◽  
pp. 22-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiyun Seon ◽  
Taeho Lee ◽  
Seong Chan Lee ◽  
Hong Duc Pham ◽  
Hee Chul Woo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Community Structure ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Bacterial Community Structure ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids

The evaluation of cattle foods and diets in terms of the ruminal concentration of volatile fatty acids: II. Roughages and succulents

1965 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. H. Bath ◽  
J. A. F. Rook
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Stages Of Growth ◽  
The Individual

Information on the effect of the inclusion of typical farm foods in the diets of cattle on the ruminal concentrations of the individual volatile fatty acids (V.F.A.'s) is limited. The most extensive investigations are those of Balch & Rowland (1957) and Shaw and his co-workers (see Shaw, 1961), which have given values for a variety of hay and concentrate diets. Few figures are available for other types of cattle foods. The present paper describes a study of the V.F.A.'s in the rumen of dairy cows given various roughages or succulent foods, including a range of herbages of different species and at different stages of growth.

scholarly journals Investigation of nitrogen balance in dairy cows and steers nourished by intragastric infusion

1983 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. R. Ørskov ◽  
N. A. MacLeod ◽  
S. T. M. Fahmy ◽  
L. Istasse ◽  
F. D. DeB. Hovell
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
The Other ◽  
N Balance ◽  
Zero Energy ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Practical Implications

1. Two dairy cows were maintained by intragastric infusion of volatile fatty acids and casein. Except when fasting, the casein-nitrogen was held constant, while total gross energy supply was varied from zero during fasting to 650 kJ/kg body-weight (W)0·75.2. One cow was estimated to attain zero N balance at an energy intake of 255 kJ/kg W0·75and the other at 307 kJ/kg W0·75, which was calculated to be substantially below the estimated energy required for zero energy balance.3. When the cows were later given an N-free infusion for a period preceding the trial, N balance occurred at 98 kJ/kg W0·75for one cow and 115 kJ/kg W0·75for the other.4. Four steers were similarly nourished by intragastric infusion and the energy nutrient increased from 0 at fasting to 450 kJ/kg W0·75. The protein was held constant at 1 g N/kg W0·75except at fasting. The energy level at which N balance occurred was 154 (SE 38) kJ/kg W0·75or approximately equal to the energy content of the protein. The practical implications of these findings are discussed.

Fermentation and degradation in the rumen of dairy cows fed on diets consisting of silage from an intensively managed sward and silages from semi-natural grasslands

2004 ◽  
Vol 142 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. H. BRUINENBERG ◽  
H. VALK ◽  
P. C. STRUIK ◽  
A. M. VAN VUUREN
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Clearance Rate ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Grassland Management ◽  
Pool Size ◽  
Passage Rate ◽  
Natural Grasslands ◽  
Intensively Managed ◽  
Ruminal Digestion

To assess the effect of grassland management on the ruminal digestion of silages, four lactating dairy cows, fitted with a rumen cannula, were fed diets consisting of concentrates and different grass silages. The grass silages consisted of intensively managed grass (IM) in variable proportions replaced by silages harvested from a ‘species-poor’ grassland managed to stimulate nesting of birds (SPP) or from a grassland managed to increase plant species diversity (SPR). The roughage part of the diets was composed completely of IM (100IM), or 200 g/kg (in dry matter) of IM replaced by SPP (20SPP) or 600 g/kg of IM replaced by SPP (60SPP), or SPR (60SPR). The pH in the rumen was highest on 60SPR and lowest on 100IM and 20SPP (P<0·05), whereas volatile fatty acids (VFA) concentrations were lowest on 60SPP and 60SPR and highest on 100IM (P<0·05). No differences in the ratio non-glucogenic: glucogenic volatile fatty acids were observed among the diets. The NH3 concentration was highest on 100IM and 20SPP and lowest on 60SPR (P<0·05), reflecting differences in CP intake. The concentration of uric acid in the urine (mg per kg metabolic body weight) was highest on 100IM (P<0·05). Rumen pool size of OM and DM did not differ among treatments, but pool size of NDF and IADF were highest on 60SPR (P<0·05). Passage rate was high on 100IM and 60SPR, but no significant differences with the other treatments were established. Also, no significant differences were observed in rates of degradation. Clearance rate of large particles was highest on 60SPP and differed significantly from 60SPR (P<0·05) only. No differences were observed in clearance rate of small particles. In conclusion, for most rumen fermentation characteristics measured in the study, no noticeably aberrant behaviour of the silages from semi-natural grassland was observed.

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