Necrotizing fasciitis: literature review of contemporary strategies for diagnosing and management with three case reports: torso, abdominal wall, upper and lower limbs

Summary Background Schwannoma is a benign tumor arising from Schwann cells of the peripheral nerves. It is often asymptomatic and can develop in the retroperitoneum, mediastinum, head and neck region, and upper and lower extremities. Schwannoma of the abdominal wall is extremely rare, but differential diagnosis with malignant neoplasms is important to reduce the risk of undertreatment. Methods A narrative review of abdominal wall schwannoma was performed using PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science database and the search terms “schwannoma”, “neurinoma”, “neurilemmoma”, “soft tissue tumors”, “neurogenic tumor”, “rectus abdominis mass”, “abdominal wall”. In addition, the hospital charts were reviewed to report the personal experience. Results Only 9 single case-reports of benign schwannoma of the abdominal wall were found in the English medical literature over the past decade. None of the patients received preoperative biopsy and all were resected with clear margins. In addition to the literature review, we report the case of a 58-year-old man referred for a palpable mass in the left upper abdominal quadrant. Ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a solid and well-encapsulated mass inside the left rectus abdominis muscle. A core biopsy of the lesion provided the diagnosis of cellular schwannoma and this was confirmed by histopathologic examination of the surgical specimen. Conclusions Benign schwannoma of the abdominal wall is extremely rare. Percutaneous core needle biopsy is important for the differential diagnosis with more common and biologically more aggressive malignancies, such as desmoid tumors and sarcomas, and may be relevant for planning the most appropriate management.

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Tensor Fasciae Suralis – Prevalence Study and Literature Review

10.1101/19010389 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Logan S. Bale ◽

Sean O. Herrin

Keyword(s):

Literature Review ◽

Classification System ◽

Case Reports ◽

Biceps Femoris ◽

Lower Limbs ◽

Prevalence Study ◽

Accessory Muscle ◽

Anatomical Features ◽

Long Head ◽

Formalin Fixed

SUMMARYTensor fasciae suralis (TFS) is an accessory muscle of the posterior lower extremity. Although TFS has been documented in cadaveric and radiological reports, its prevalence remains unknown. The TFS variant is noteworthy to anatomists, as it may be encountered in the dissection laboratory, and clinicians, as the muscle could potentially cause confusion during physical examination or diagnostic imaging. Multiple variations of TFS have been reported in the literature, suggesting the need for a classification system. We dissected 236 formalin-fixed cadaveric lower limbs to determine the prevalence of TFS. The PubMed and MEDLINE databases were searched to compare the anatomical features of independent TFS case reports. In our prevalence study, the TFS muscle was identified in three lower limbs (1.3%). In total, 35 cases of TFS (31 cadaveric and four radiological) were identified in the literature. Our literature review revealed that the accessory muscle most often arises as a single head from the long head of the biceps femoris, yet many other presentations have been documented. The need for a classification system to distinguish between the subtypes of TFS became apparent during the literature review. Tensor fasciae suralis is a rare muscle, present in only 3 of 236 (1.3%) cadaveric lower limbs dissected in this study. We propose the use of a classification system, based on muscle origin and number of heads, to better organize the subtypes of TFS.

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Successful Treatment of Necrotizing Fasciitis of the Upper Extremity Caused by Vibrio vulnificus: Two Case Reports and Literature Review

10.21203/rs.3.rs-154368/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Pengchao Guo ◽

Nan Li ◽

Quangfeng Zhao ◽

Xueqing Hu

Keyword(s):

Literature Review ◽

Necrotizing Fasciitis ◽

Limb Salvage ◽

Successful Treatment ◽

Clinical Characteristics ◽

Vibrio Vulnificus ◽

Case Reports ◽

Pathogenetic Mechanism ◽

Case Presentation ◽

Vulnificus Infection

Abstract Background: Vibrio vulnificus infection patients are more common in China's coastal areas and military activities, but there have been very rare reports successful treatment and limb salvage patients. Case presentation: We present two cases of patients with the successful treatment of necrotizing fasciitis caused by V. vulnificus and review the pathogenetic mechanism, epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and treatment of this infection.Conclusion: When Vibrio vulnificus patients develop bacteraemia and necrotizing fasciitis symptoms,emergency surgical debridement combined with anti-infection therapy should be considered.

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Neonatal necrotizing fasciitis: Two case reports and literature review

International Journal of Medicine and Health Development ◽

10.4103/ijmh.ijmh_5_20 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (2) ◽

pp. 144

Author(s):

UzoamakaC Akubuilo ◽

HerbertA Obu ◽

Ijeoma Obumneme-Anyim ◽

KenechukwuK Iloh ◽

ObinnaR Okwesili ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Literature Review ◽

Necrotizing Fasciitis ◽

Case Reports

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Comparison between Kimura’s disease and angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia: case reports and literature review

Journal of International Medical Research ◽

10.1177/03000605211040976 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 49 (9) ◽

pp. 030006052110409

Author(s):

Ailing Zou ◽

Mengyao Hu ◽

Bin Niu

Keyword(s):

Literature Review ◽

Case Reports ◽

Surgical Excision ◽

Lower Limbs ◽

Kimura’S Disease ◽

Vascular Neoplasm ◽

Angiolymphoid Hyperplasia With Eosinophilia ◽

Angiolymphoid Hyperplasia ◽

Disease Entities ◽

Multiple Nodules

Kimura’s disease (KD) is a rare chronic inflammatory or allergic disease. Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia (ALHE) is a benign vascular neoplasm. Their relationship has always been debated. This article reports two rare cases, one of each disease. One patient was a 48-year-old female that presented with a mass on her right mandible. She also had oedema erythema and wheals on her lower limbs. She was diagnosed with Kimura’s disease complicated with chronic urticaria. The second patient was a 23-year-old female that presented with multiple nodules of unequal size on the scalp. She was diagnosed with angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia. The first patient recovered after being treated with surgical resection, glucocorticosteroids, cyclophosphamide and radiotherapy. The second patient underwent the first stage of surgical excision and is currently being followed-up. Comparison of the clinical and histopathological features of these two cases supports the theory that KD and ALHE are two separate disease entities.

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OUR EXPERIENCE IN DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF NECROTIZING FASCIITIS

EurasianUnionScientists ◽

10.31618/esu.2413-9335.2021.1.86.1354 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 3-9

Author(s):

E. Krasteva ◽

V. Anastasova ◽

E. Zunzov

Keyword(s):

Surgical Treatment ◽

Necrotizing Fasciitis ◽

Abdominal Wall ◽

Laboratory Data ◽

Female Gender ◽

Lower Limbs ◽

Renal Diseases ◽

Vacuum Therapy ◽

Upper Limbs ◽

Fournier Gangrene

Background: Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is a severe, relatively rare and potentially deadly infection, which is usually caused by one or two pathogenic microorganisms. The target areas that are affected are the skin and the subcutaneous tissues of the lower and the upper limbs, the scrotum, the perineal region (Fournier gangrene) and the abdominal wall. The early diagnosis and aggressive surgical treatment are of great importance for the outcome of this potentially lethal disease. Methods: Eleven patients with diagnosis of NF had been treated in the Clinic of Plastic and Reconstructive surgery of St. George Hospital, Plovdiv for a five-year period (2013-2018). Based on the demographic, clinical and laboratory data the presurgical, the following surgical treatment, and the postsurgical management were analyzed. Results: The mean age of the patients was 58.7 years (median: 56 years, range 37–87 years) and 75% were men. Old age (above 65 years) and female gender correlated significantly with lethality. Most often the regions affected were the perineum and the scrotum (46.8%), followed by lower limbs (35.5%), upper limbs and abdominal wall (8.1%). Diabetes mellitus, oncologic diseases, alcohol addiction and chronic hepatic and renal diseases were found to be predisposing factors for development of NF. We started treatment with broad spectrum antibiotics, early and vigorous drainage and meticulous debridement with wide excision of the damaged tissues. Vacuum therapy was applied as part of the treatment of the defects. It allowed continuous wound cleaning and accelerated formation of granulation tissue, followed by definite closure of the defect. Conclusion: The diagnosis of NF needs adequate proceedings and treatment of the cases among surgeons as its clinical presentation is unspecific. The prompt surgical debridement and excision is the mainstay in the treatment of all patients and repeated surgical excisions are required. Plastic surgery is an undeniable stage in the complex treatment of NF regarding the large size of the wound and necessity of definite closure of the soft tissue defects.

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Impact of oral health on physical fitness for the master category

Revista Brasileira de Fisiologia do Exercício ◽

10.33233/rbfex.v19i6.3947 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (6) ◽

pp. 507

Author(s):

Bárbara Capitanio De Souza ◽

Randhall Bruce Carteri ◽

André Luiz Lopes

Keyword(s):

Oral Health ◽

Literature Review ◽

Physical Fitness ◽

Tooth Loss ◽

Case Reports ◽

Handgrip Strength ◽

Lower Limbs ◽

Master Athlete ◽

The Impact ◽

Over 40 Years

Objective: To carry out a literature review on the influence of oral health status on the physical fitness of individuals over 40 years old and to discuss its importance for good sports development. Methods: A literature review was carried out in the Medline database via Pubmed, considering the articles published from the year 2000 onward. The search was carried out using combinations of terms in English: tooth loss, oral health, fitness physics, master athlete, elderly, athlete. Articles that did not address the proposed theme, that evaluating other populations or dependent elderly people, institutionalized or bedridden, that had no relationship with aspects between oral health and physical fitness, review studies and case reports were excluded. At the end, 20 studies were selected. Results: It was possible to observe an interesting association between different oral health conditions and characteristics of physical fitness, in subjects over 40 years old. The variables corresponding to oral health included tooth loss, occlusal aspects, prosthetic rehabilitation and oral infectious and inflammatory diseases. The analyzed variables associated with physical fitness included the strength and power of lower limbs, static balance, walking speed and handgrip strength. Conclusion: The impact of oral health can have a negative influence in the physical fitness, especially on athletes of the master categories, as they are subjected to a situation conditioned by the effects of aging. Oral health care strategies are important tools to assist in maintaining sports performance.Keywords: physical functional performance, preventive dentistry, physical education and training.

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