Pap testing among newly diagnosed women living with HIV/AIDS (WLWHA) in South Carolina (SC): routine screening and abnormal follow-up behaviors of HIV-positive female SC medicaid recipients 18-64 years between 2005-2009

BackgroundDespite the availability and knowledge of various contraceptive methods, consistent utilisation in women living with HIV/AIDS (WLWHA) within the reproductive age group remains below the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and Family Planning 2020 goals. This study examines the association between sociodemographic factors and contraceptive use including the effect of clustering tendencies of these factors on contraceptive usage among WLWHA in Kenya.MethodsWeighted multivariate logistic regression models were conducted to determine the association of sociodemographic factors on contraception use among WLWHA using the 2008–2009 Kenya Demographic Health Survey. Spatial autocorrelation techniques were used to explore clustering tendencies of these factors on contraception utilisation. Our study population included 304 HIV positive women, aged 15–49 years.ResultsAmong 304 HIV-positive women in our study population, 92 (30.3%) reported using one method of contraception. Contraceptive use was significantly associated with wealth and education after adjustment for other sociodemographic variables. Women classified as having low and middle wealth index were less likely to use contraceptives (OR=0.17, 95% CI 0.07 to 0.43; OR=0.33, 95% CI 0.11 to 0.98, respectively) compared with women classified as having high wealth index. Similarly, women with primary education only were less likely to use contraceptives compared with women with secondary or higher education (OR=0.42, 95% CI 0.18 to 0.98). Spatial autocorrelation revealed significant positive clusters with weak clustering tendencies of non-contraceptive use among different levels of wealth index and education within different regions of Kenya.ConclusionThese findings underscores the need for intervention programmes to further target socially disadvantaged WLWHA, which is necessary for achieving the SDGs.

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Lean Mass Improvement from Nutrition Education and Protein Supplementation among Rural Indian Women Living with HIV/AIDS: Results from Cluster Randomized Factorial Trial at 18-Month Follow-Up

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu14010179 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 179

Author(s):

Catherine L. Carpenter ◽

Kavita Kapur ◽

Padma Ramakrishna ◽

Suresh Pamujula ◽

Kartik Yadav ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nutrition Education ◽

Lean Mass ◽

Andhra Pradesh ◽

Protein Supplementation ◽

Women Living With Hiv ◽

Factorial Trial ◽

Cluster Randomized ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

Hiv Aids

Loss of lean muscle mass impairs immunity and increases mortality risk among individuals with HIV/AIDS. We evaluated the relative contributions of protein supplementation and nutrition education on body composition among 600 women living with HIV/AIDS in rural Andhra Pradesh, India. We conducted a cluster randomized controlled 2 × 2 factorial trial lasting six months with follow up at twelve and eighteen months. Interventions occurred in the Nellore and Prakasam regions of Andhra Pradesh by trained village women, ASHA (Accredited Social Health Activists), and included: (1) the usual supportive care from ASHA (UC); (2) UC plus nutrition education (NE); (3) UC plus nutritional protein supplementation (NS); (4) combined UC plus NE plus NS. A Bioimpedance Analyzer Model 310e measured body composition. SAS 9.4 analyzed all data. Mixed models using repeated measures evaluated lean mass change from baseline as primary and fat weight and total weight as secondary outcomes. Lean mass change was significantly associated with NS (p = 0.0001), NE (p = 0.0001), and combined NS plus NE (p = 0.0001), with similar associations for secondary outcomes. Stronger associations for total weight were observed with greater ART adherence. Nutritional interventions may improve physiologic response to HIV. Significant increases in lean mass resulted from independent and combined protein supplementation and nutrition education.

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Pregnancy and medical follow-up of women living with HIV/AIDS in Guadeloupe and Martinique (French West Indies): medical progress and social problems

Cahiers de Santé ◽

10.1684/san.2011.0231 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 9-14

Author(s):

Dolorès Pourette

Keyword(s):

West Indies ◽

Social Problems ◽

French West Indies ◽

Medical Progress ◽

Women Living With Hiv ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

Hiv Aids

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Ophthalmological profile of patients living with HIV/AIDS

Vojnosanitetski pregled ◽

10.2298/vsp1010856j ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 67 (10) ◽

pp. 856-860

Author(s):

Katarina Jankovic-Terzic ◽

Vera Begic ◽

Bojana Dacic-Krnjaja

Keyword(s):

Opportunistic Infections ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Ocular Complications ◽

Economic Implications ◽

Active Involvement ◽

The Individual ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

Hiv Aids

Introduction. Serbia has 2.287 registered HIV positive persons. A certain number has ocular complications which are mainly the result of opportunistic infections accompanying this illness. Due to a highly stigmatizing environment for people living with HIV/AIDS in Serbia, they do not always seek doctors assistance despite the fear of losing their sight. Case report. We presented ophthalmologic status of nine HIV positive persons, all at the different phases of the illness. The decrease in the visual acuity was the first symptom which led to the diagnosis of HIV infection in two of our patients. Conclusion. Ophthalmologist has an important role in the multidisciplinary approach to patients with HIV/AIDS from introducing the diagnosis to the follow-up and the treatment of ocular complications which may accompany this chronic illness. With the active involvement of eye professionals serious consequences can be prevented, which have not only medical but also social and economic implications on the individual and the society as a whole.

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The Micro Dynamics of Support Seeking

The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science ◽

10.1177/0002716213475775 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 647 (1) ◽

pp. 83-101 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Celeste Watkins-Hayes

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Middle Class ◽

Low Income ◽

Service Providers ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Women Living With Hiv ◽

Hiv Positive Women ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

Hiv Aids

Previous literature suggests that AIDS Service Organizations (ASOs) play an important support role in the lives of impoverished women living with HIV. Less is known about the dynamics of institutional support for middle-class women living with HIV/AIDS, who are assumed to possess a broader base of resources to address their diagnosis. Using qualitative data collected from a racially and economically diverse group of HIV-positive women in Chicago, this article compares how low-income and middle-class women utilize ASOs and reveals how the women’s divergent approaches to availing themselves of institutional resources have important implications for their social and economic coping. For example, associating with ASOs can be status-improving for impoverished women and status-diminishing for middle-class women. As a result, middle-class women report a less robust network of social service providers and people living with HIV/AIDS on whom they rely for HIV-related information and social support, making them vulnerable to HIV-specific social isolation. In sum, the ways that HIV-positive women deploy institutional ties to negotiate their HIV/AIDS status differs markedly depending on socioeconomic status, suggesting that the role of class in gathering social support may be more complex than previously understood.

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Study of Depression and Its Associated Factors among Women Living with HIV/AIDS in Coastal South India

ISRN AIDS ◽

10.5402/2012/684972 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

B. Unnikrishnan ◽

Vinita Jagannath ◽

John T. Ramapuram ◽

B. Achappa ◽

D. Madi

Keyword(s):

Rural Women ◽

South India ◽

Hiv Care ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Women Living With Hiv ◽

Hiv Positive Women ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

Hiv Aids

Background. Depression is one of the most prevalent psychiatric diagnoses seen in HIV-positive individuals. Women with HIV are about four times more likely to be depressed than those who are not infected. Aims. To assess the sociodemographic and clinical correlates of depression among women living with HIV/AIDS. Setting and Design. One public and one private hospital in Mangalore, Coastal South India, and cross-sectional design. Methods and Materials. Study constituted of 137 HIV-positive women, depression was assessed using BDI (Beck Depression Inventory), and social support was assessed using Lubben Social Network Scale. Statistical Analysis. All analysis was conducted using SPSS version 11.5. Chi-square test with value less than 0.05 was taken as statistically significant. Results. Among 137 HIV-positive women, 51.1% were depressed. Around 16% were having moderate to high risk for isolation. Depression was statistically significant in rural women, widowed women, and lower socioeconomic class women. Conclusion. Depression is highly prevalent among women living with HIV which is still underdiagnosed and undertreated, and there is a need to incorporate mental health services as an integral component of HIV care.

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Mapping the evidence of intimate partner violence among women living with HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping review

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041326 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. e041326

Author(s):

Mengistu Meskele ◽

Nelisiwe Khuzwayo ◽

Myra Taylor

Keyword(s):

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Women Living With Hiv ◽

Sub Saharan ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

Hiv Aids

ObjectivesThe present study undertakes a scoping review aimed to map the evidence of intimate partner violence (IPV) against women living with HIV/AIDS in Africa.DesignWe used the online database to identify papers published from 1 January 2009 to 1 April 2019, from which we selected 21 articles from Uganda, Nigeria, Kenya, South Africa, Zambia, Ethiopia, Cameroon, Tanzania and Swaziland that used IPV as an outcome variable among women living with HIV/AIDS.Data sourcesPubMed, MEDLINE, EBSCO host, Google Scholar.Eligibility criteriaWe included women who were aged 15 years and above, living with HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa.Data extraction and synthesisWe conducted the abstract screening with two independent reviewers. We also performed full-text screening. We used the six methodological frameworks proposed by Arksey and O'Malley. The Mixed Method Appraisal Tool was used to determine the quality of the studies. We used NVIVO software V.12 to undertake a thematic analysis.ResultsOf the studies, the majority, 57.1%, reported cross-sectional results. In comparison, 23.8% examined qualitative studies, 9.5% were clinical trials, 4.8% were cohort studies and the remaining 4.8% covered grey literature. This review revealed evidence of IPV experience among women with HIV/AIDS, evidence of how HIV status disclosure influences IPV, proof of the association of sociodemographic characteristics with IPV and implications for practice. Moreover, the review revealed that following the serostatus disclosure, there is evidence of heightened risk for IPV.ConclusionsThis study found evidence of IPV among women living with HIV/AIDS. The HIV-positive women were at considerable risk of IPV after disclosure of their serostatus to a male partner. Therefore, further research is needed to promote action to reduce IPV among HIV-positive and HIV-negative women and to determine healthcare workers’ IPV screening experience.

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The Complexity of Work for Women who are HIV Positive: A Case Study in DKI Jakarta

Jurnal Perempuan ◽

10.34309/jp.v23i4.269 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 23 (4) ◽

pp. 203

Author(s):

Andi Nur Faizah

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Method ◽

Family Members ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Difficult Situation ◽

Women Living With Hiv ◽

Hiv Positive Women ◽

And Gender ◽

Gender Categories ◽

Living With Hiv

The phenomenon of HIV-AIDS transmission places women in a difficult situation. The loss of family members such as husbands due to AIDS leaves women living with HIV positive in a struggle to access sources of livelihood. The condition of themselves as PLWHA, concerns about being stigmatized, caring for family members, and earning a living are the burdens of life they have to face. In this regard, this paper explores the complexity of the work of HIV-positive women. This study uses a qualitative method with a feminist perspective to get a complete picture of the livelihood of HIV-positive women. Based on interviews with five HIV-positive women, the findings found a link between social, identity, and gender categories that affect their livelihoods. HIV-positive women also transform themselves into their “normal” self by pretending to be healthy, able to work, have quality, and be independent. This is done as a form of resistance to the stigma attached to PLWHA.

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