Physical and mental health impacts of COVID-19 on healthcare workers: a scoping review

Abstract Background Racism is increasingly recognised internationally as a key factor contributing to health disparities. A comprehensive body of strong research from international authors has reported negative associations between racism and health outcomes. In Australia, although the literature is more limited, available findings follow global trends. Australia has an identified health gap between Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples and non-Indigenous Australians, and despite efforts to bridge this gap, health inequities continue to exist. This scoping review aims to assess, analyse and synthesise the relationship between racism and discrimination on the physical and mental health of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples living in Australia.Method This is the study protocol for a scoping review. A systematic search will be conducted using five electronic databases: PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, Web of Science and the Australia’s National Institute for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Research. The database search will include studies published between 2000 and 2020. Reference lists of the included articles will be searched. Outcome measures will include physical and mental health components including chronic conditions, depression and anxiety, psychological distress, social and emotional difficulties, suicide and health-related outcomes such as wellbeing and life satisfaction. Duplications will be removed, and titles and abstracts will be reviewed to select studies. Full-text screening of preselected studies will be performed by four reviewers independently, to select studies according to inclusion criteria. Included studies will be appraised for quality using appropriate tools tailored for each study design. Data will be extracted, and study findings and characteristics synthesised in a narrative summary. Discussion Our scoping review will synthesise the evidence on the impacts of racism and discrimination in relation to the physical and mental health of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples living in Australia. These findings could guide future health interventions by addressing the exposure of racism and racial discrimination in order to reduce health disparity. It is anticipated the findings to be of interest to policymakers, researchers, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities and community health organisations and other stakeholders interested in optimising public health interventions for and in partnership with Aboriginal and Strait Torres Islander communities of Australia. Scoping review registration The protocol for this review has been registered on the International prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO). The registration ID is CRD42020186193.

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Physical and mental health impacts during COVID-19 quarantine in adolescents with preexisting chronic immunocompromised conditions

Jornal de Pediatria ◽

10.1016/j.jped.2021.09.002 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Livia Lindoso ◽

Camilla Astley ◽

Ligia Bruni Queiroz ◽

Bruno Gualano ◽

Rosa Maria Rodrigues Pereira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Health Impacts ◽

Physical And Mental Health

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Effects of Social Isolation and Loneliness in Children with Neurodevelopmental Disabilities: A Scoping Review

Brain Sciences ◽

10.3390/brainsci10110786 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 786

Author(s):

Celia Kwan ◽

Mojgan Gitimoghaddam ◽

Jean-Paul Collet

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Social Isolation ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Autism Spectrum ◽

Negative Consequences ◽

Physical And Mental Health ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Neurodevelopmental Disabilities ◽

Ovid Medline ◽

Long Term Impact

Loneliness and social isolation have negative consequences on physical and mental health in both adult and pediatric populations. Children with neurodevelopmental disabilities (NDD) are often excluded and experience more loneliness than their typically developing peers. This scoping review aims to identify the type of studies conducted in children with NDD to determine the effects of loneliness and/or social isolation. Three electronic databases (Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsychINFO) were searched from inception until 5 February 2019. Two independent reviewers screened the citations for inclusion and extracted data from the included articles. Quantitative (i.e., frequency analysis) and qualitative analyses (i.e., content analysis) were completed. From our search, 5768 citations were screened, 29 were read in full, and 12 were included. Ten were case-control comparisons with cross-sectional assessment of various outcomes, which limited inference. Autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and learning disorder were the most commonly studied NDD. This review showed that loneliness among children with NDD was associated with negative consequences on mental health, behaviour, and psychosocial/emotional development, with a likely long-term impact in adulthood. Lack of research in this area suggests that loneliness is not yet considered a problem in children with NDD. More studies are warranted using prospective designs and a larger sample size with a focus on the dynamic aspect of loneliness development.

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Mental health of healthcare workers during the COVID-19 outbreak: A rapid scoping review to inform provincial guidelines in South Africa

South African Medical Journal ◽

10.7196/samj.2020.v110i10.15022 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 110 (10) ◽

pp. 1010 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

L J Robertson ◽

I Maposa ◽

H Somaroo ◽

O Johnson

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

South Africa ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Healthcare Workers

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A Proposed Ban on the Sale to and Possession of Caloric Sweetened Beverages by Minors in Public

The Journal of Law Medicine & Ethics ◽

10.1111/jlme.12124 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 42 (1) ◽

pp. 110-114 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

James G. Hodge ◽

Leila Barraza ◽

Susan Russo ◽

Kellie Nelson ◽

Greg Measer

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Mental Health ◽

Childhood Obesity ◽

The United States ◽

Health Impacts ◽

Health Conditions ◽

Physical And Mental Health ◽

Sweetened Beverages ◽

Modern Era ◽

Health Experts

Obesity is the definitive epidemic of the modern era in the United States. Its well-documented public health impacts, especially related to children and adolescents, are horrific. Nearly one-third of American minors are overweight; over 50% of them are obese. Already, these kids suffer from multiple adverse physical and mental health conditions. Sadly, absent serious communal and individual interventions, their lives may be cut short compared to their own parents’ life expectancy. While recent surveillance suggests childhood obesity may be trending down slightly in some populations, public health experts remain concerned about the threat obesity poses to the health of America's youth.The concurrent travesty underlying childhood obesity is the relative societal failure to slow and reverse its spread.

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The relationship and effects of golf on physical and mental health: a scoping review protocol

British Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1136/bjsports-2015-095914 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 50 (11) ◽

pp. 647-650 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

A Murray ◽

L Daines ◽

D Archibald ◽

R Hawkes ◽

L Grant ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Physical And Mental Health ◽

Review Protocol ◽

The Relationship

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Physical and mental health impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic among college students who are undocumented or have undocumented parents

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-021-11606-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Annie Ro ◽

Victoria E. Rodriguez ◽

Laura E. Enriquez

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

College Students ◽

Physical Health ◽

Health Effects ◽

Resource Use ◽

Undocumented Students ◽

Health Impacts ◽

Primary Data ◽

Physical And Mental Health ◽

Mental And Physical Health

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic may have disproportionately affected the mental and physical health of undocumented students and students with undocumented parents. Methods We analyzed primary data from 2111 California college students collected March–June 2020. We estimated the odds of mental or physical health being affected “a great deal” by COVID by immigration group and then examined whether this was moderated by campus belonging or resource use. Results Students with undocumented parents were least likely to report COVID-related mental and physical health effects. Undocumented students and students whose parents have lawful immigration status did not differ in their COVID-related physical and mental health. For all students, more campus resource use and higher campus belonging were associated with negative mental and physical health effects. Discussion Negative COVID-related mental and physical health was widespread. Separation from campus-based resources was detrimental during the early stages of the pandemic.

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Personal Resources And Work-related Stressors: Effects On Physical And Mental Health Among Australian Healthcare Workers

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e508342017-001 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Helen De Cieri ◽

Tracey Shea ◽

Shae Quirk ◽

Nerida Joss ◽

Rachel Knott ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Healthcare Workers ◽

Personal Resources ◽

Physical And Mental Health ◽

Work Related ◽

Work Related Stressors

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Anxiety and Depression Chatbot Features: A Scoping Review (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.26341 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Arfan Ahmed ◽

Asmaa Hassan ◽

Alaa A Abd-Alrazaq ◽

Nashva Ali ◽

Sarah Aziz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Healthcare Workers ◽

Negative Emotion ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Bibliographic Databases ◽

World Population ◽

Reference List ◽

Web Based ◽

Virtual Assistance

BACKGROUND Apps and web-based chatbots can provide valuable and meaningful support to healthcare workers in assessing and guiding management of various health problems particularly when human resources are scarce. Despite poor adherence to such apps, chatbots can be cost-effective and efficient on-demand virtual assistants for various mental health conditions, including anxiety and depression. OBJECTIVE This study aims to review the features of chatbots currently available for individuals with suspected anxiety or depression. METHODS ACM digital library, IEEE, Google Scholar, Embase, Medline, and PsychINFO were the six bibliographic databases searched for conducting the review. We conducted backward and forward reference list checking of included studies. Study selection and data extraction were performed by two reviewers independently; two other individual reviewers justified cross-checking of extracted data. We utilized a narrative approach for synthesizing the data. RESULTS The initial search returned a total of 917 citations. A total of 32 studies remained on filtering the publications, which formed the final dataset for this scoping review. While most of the studies were from conference proceedings (69%, n=22), the remainder were either journal articles (16%, n=5), reports (9%, n=3), or book chapters (6%, n=2). Of the studies that developed an actual chatbot, 16% (n=7) were web based and 63% (n=20) stand-alone in the form of an app. The remainder were available on both platforms or were only conceptual ideas. About half of the reviewed chatbots had functionality targeting both anxiety and depression (56%, n=18), whereas 38% (n=12) targeted only depression, 3% (n=1) anxiety and the remaining addressed other mental health issues along with anxiety and depression like public speaking anxiety, stress, lack of motivation, negative emotion, nervousness. Input modality of most of the chatbots was written (84%, n=27), followed by spoken (25%, n=8) and visual imaging (9%, n=3). Despite the fact of increasing popularity of embodiment techniques in chatbots such as avatars were rarely used in these studies only 34% (n=11) CONCLUSIONS Recent research shows that mental health chatbots could be of benefit in helping patients with anxiety and depression and provide valuable support to mental healthcare workers, particularly when resources are scarce. They often provide virtual assistance where medical professionals are inaccessible or users need anonymous real-time personal virtual assistance. Their role in mental health care is expected to increase following the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on mental health and wellbeing of the world population.

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