scholarly journals Genotype-expression interactions for BDNF across human brain regions

BMC Genomics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Devlin ◽  
Xueyuan Cao ◽  
Ansley Grimes Stanfill
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Haplotype Block ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Cerebellar Hemisphere ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Panic Disorders ◽  
Altered Gene ◽  
Work Supports

Abstract Background Genetic variations in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) are associated with various psychiatric disorders including depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, substance use disorders, and schizophrenia; altered gene expression triggered by these genetic variants may serve to create these phenotypes. But genotype-expression interactions for this gene have not been well-studied across brain regions relevant for psychiatric disorders. Results At false discovery rate (FDR) of 10% (q < 0.1), a total of 61 SNPs were associated with BDNF expression in cerebellum (n = 209), 55 SNPs in cortex (n = 205), 48 SNPs in nucleus accumbens (n = 202), 47 SNPs in caudate (n = 194), and 58 SNPs in cerebellar hemisphere (n = 175). We identified a set of 30 SNPs in 2 haplotype blocks that were associated with alterations in expression for each of these 5 regions. The first haplotype block included variants associated in the literature with panic disorders (rs16917204), addiction (rs11030104), bipolar disorder (rs16917237/rs2049045), and obsessive-compulsive disorder (rs6265). Likewise, variants in the second haplotype block have been previously associated with disorders such as nicotine addiction, major depressive disorder (rs988748), and epilepsy (rs6484320/rs7103411). Conclusions This work supports the association of variants within BDNF for expression changes in these key brain regions that may contribute to common behavioral phenotypes for disorders of compulsion, impulsivity, and addiction. These SNPs should be further investigated as possible therapeutic and diagnostic targets to aid in management of these and other psychiatric disorders.

scholarly journals Cigarette smoking in patients with obsessive compulsive disorder: a report from the International College of Obsessive Compulsive Spectrum Disorders (ICOCS)

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 469-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernardo Dell’Osso ◽  
Humberto Nicolini ◽  
Nuria Lanzagorta ◽  
Beatrice Benatti ◽  
Gregorio Spagnolin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Tourette’S Syndrome ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tic Disorder ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
International College ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) showed a lower prevalence of cigarette smoking compared to other psychiatric disorders in previous and recent reports. We assessed the prevalence and clinical correlates of the phenomenon in an international sample of 504 OCD patients recruited through the International College of Obsessive Compulsive Spectrum Disorders (ICOCS) network.Cigarette smoking showed a cross-sectional prevalence of 24.4% in the sample, with significant differences across countries. Females were more represented among smoking patients (16% vs 7%; p<.001). Patients with comorbid Tourette’s syndrome (p<.05) and tic disorder (p<.05) were also more represented among smoking subjects. Former smokers reported a higher number of suicide attempts (p<.05).We found a lower cross-sectional prevalence of smoking among OCD patients compared to findings from previous studies in patients with other psychiatric disorders but higher compared to previous and more recent OCD studies. Geographic differences were found and smoking was more common in females and comorbid Tourette’s syndrome/tic disorder.

Serotonin 5-HT1DB Gene's Interaction with Key Brain Regions in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murad Atmaca ◽  
Ebru Onalan ◽  
Hanefi Yildirim ◽  
Huseyin Yuce ◽  
Mustafa Koc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder

Volumetric MRI assessment of brain regions in patients with refractory obsessive–compulsive disorder

2006 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 1051-1057 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murad Atmaca ◽  
Hanefi Yildirimb ◽  
Huseyin Ozdemirb ◽  
Ayşe Aydinb ◽  
Ertan Tezcana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Volumetric Mri ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder

scholarly journals Role of Glutamatergic System in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder with Possible Therapeutic Implications

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (06) ◽  
pp. 229-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Přemysl Vlček ◽  
Jakub Polák ◽  
Martin Brunovský ◽  
Jiří Horáček
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Glutamatergic System ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Therapeutic Implications ◽  
Temporal Lobes ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Neuropsychological Evidence

AbstractObsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic psychiatric illness and 1 of the most common anxiety disorders with the prevalence of 3%. Although its pathogenesis remains unclear, the traditional model focused on alternations in the serotonin system. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors provide the most effective treatment; however, as much as 40–60% of patients do not respond to antidepressants therapy. Thus, attention has shifted towards other neurotransmitter systems and related neuroanatomical structures. Recently, there is extensive evidence showing a key role of glutamate pathways abnormalities within the cortico-striatal-thalamo-cortical circuitry and temporal lobes in OCD pathogenesis. In this review, we link together the existent neuroanatomical, neurophysiological, and neuropsychological evidence to argue for potential benefits of adjuvant treatment with glutamatergic agents, especially memantine. By a targeted de-excitation effect on the glutamatergic system in the temporal lobes and connected brain regions, memantine might further alleviate OCD symptoms. This effect should be even more pronounced in certain subtypes of patients with specific cognitive deficits and maladaptive compensatory memory processes (e.g., checkers).

scholarly journals Social affordances in context: What is it that we are bodily responsive to?

2013 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 436-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Rietveld ◽  
Sanneke de Haan ◽  
Damiaan Denys
Keyword(s):  
Deep Brain Stimulation ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Skilled Intentionality ◽  
Social Affordances ◽  
Deep Brain

AbstractWe propose to understand social affordances in the broader context of responsiveness to a field of relevant affordances in general. This perspective clarifies our everyday ability to unreflectively switch between social and other affordances. Moreover, based on our experience with Deep Brain Stimulation for treating obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) patients, we suggest that psychiatric disorders may affect skilled intentionality, including responsiveness to social affordances.

scholarly journals Long-term outcomes of obsessive–compulsive disorder: follow-up of 142 children and adolescents

2010 ◽  
Vol 197 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Micali ◽  
I. Heyman ◽  
M. Perez ◽  
K. Hilton ◽  
E. Nakatani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Functional Impairment ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Persistence Rates

BackgroundObsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) often starts in childhood and adolescence and can be a chronic disorder with high persistence rates. There are few prospective long-term follow-up studies.AimsTo follow up young people with OCD to clarify persistence rates and relevant predictors, presence of other psychiatric disorders, functional impairment, service utilisation and perceived treatment needs.MethodAll young people with OCD assessed over 9 years at the National and Specialist Paediatric OCD clinic, Maudsley Hospital, London, were included. Sixty-one per cent (142 of 222) of all contactable young people and parents completed computerised diagnostic interviews and questionnaires.ResultsWe found a persistence rate of OCD of 41%; 40% of participants had a psychiatric diagnosis other than OCD at follow-up. The main predictor for persistent OCD was duration of illness at assessment. High levels of baseline psychopathology predicted other psychiatric disorders at follow-up. Functional impairment and quality of life were mildly to moderately affected. Approximately 50% of participants were still receiving treatment and about 50% felt a need for further treatment.ConclusionsThis study confirms that paediatric OCD can be a chronic condition that persists into adulthood. Early recognition and treatment might prevent chronicity. Important challenges for services are ensuring adequate treatment and a smooth transition from child to adult services.

Understanding the Genetic Basis of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

CNS Spectrums ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 32-34,47-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Humberto Nicolini ◽  
Carlos Cruz ◽  
Beatriz Camarena ◽  
Francisco Páez ◽  
Juan Ramón De La Fuente
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Genetic Study ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Genetic Component ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Different Types

AbstractGenetic study holds potential for understanding the etiology of a number of serious psychiatric disorders. In the case of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), many investigators agree that there is a strong genetic component to its development. In this article, we review the scientific evidence gleaned from different types of studies that has led to a better understanding of the nature of the inherited factors in OCD.

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