scholarly journals Clinical characteristics, treatment and prognosis of children with unilateral retinoblastoma and intracranial segment of Retrobulbar optic nerve invasion

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Zhuo Wang ◽  
Yi Zhang ◽  
Dong-Sheng Huang ◽  
Ji-Tong Shi ◽  
Jian-Min Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Therapeutic Regimen ◽  
Intrathecal Therapy ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Nerve Invasion ◽  
Impact On Survival ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Abstract Background To analyze the clinical characteristics, treatment and prognosis of children with unilateral retinoblastoma (RB) and intracranial segment of retrobulbar optic nerve invasion. Methods A total of 14 children with unilateral RB and intracranial segment of retrobulbar optic nerve invasion were enrolled in this retrospective study from January 2009 to December 2018. Clinical characteristics, treatment and prognosis were collected and analyzed. Survival curves were calculated by Kaplan-Meier method. Results Of 14 cases, there were 7 male and 7 female, ranging in age from 22.85 to 121.97 months (median, 41.03 months). Seventy-one percent of patients came from first-tier cities in China and effected in the left eye. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) results indicated that all patients presented with thickened and enhanced optic nerve and intracranial segment of optic nerve invasion. Nine patients received comprehensive therapeutic regimen (chemotherapy, eye enucleation, radiotherapy and intrathecal therapy). The patients were followed up to December 2019, with a median follow-up of 20.6 months. The median disease specific survival was 48.99 ± 8.62 months, and the overall survival (OS) rate was 64.3%. Radiotherapy and comprehensive therapeutic regimen had significant impact on survival time (all p < 0.05). Conclusions The overall prognosis of unilateral RB patients with intracranial segment of retrobulbar optic nerve invasion was poor. Chemotherapy and surgical treatment were necessary, but more attention should be paid to radiotherapy and intrathecal therapy for improving prognosis.

scholarly journals Diagnosis and Management of Wooden Foreign Bodies in the Orbit: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-161
Author(s):  
Hyo Bong Kim ◽  
Hoon Kim ◽  
Soo Yeon Lim ◽  
In Chang Koh
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Upper Eyelid ◽  
Diagnosis And Management ◽  
Optic Nerve Damage ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

The diagnosis and management of intraorbital foreign bodies are challenging for surgeons. Foreign bodies made of wood and those located close to the optic nerve are especially difficult to manage. Herein, we report our experience with the diagnosis and management of intraorbital wooden foreign bodies utilizing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A 50-year-old man presented to the emergency room with a laceration on his left upper eyelid. No foreign bodies were visible through the laceration, and computed tomography findings showed only evidence of cellulitis with abscess formation. Despite drainage and antibiotics, the cellulitis worsened; subsequently, we found multiple wooden foreign bodies on MRI. Surgical removal was performed, excluding those in the intraconal space to avoid optic nerve damage. The patient recovered well and has not experienced any ophthalmic complications at 1 year of follow-up.

scholarly journals Arachnoid cyst of the optic nerve: therapeutic management and progress

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-141
Author(s):  
Irene Temblador-Barba ◽  
Carlos Gálvez-Prieto-Moreno ◽  
María Martínez-Jiménez
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Arachnoid Cyst ◽  
Visual Fields ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Transconjunctival Approach ◽  
Nerve Sheath ◽  
Optic Nerve Sheath Meningioma ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Purpose: To describe the management of a case of an arachnoid cyst of the optic nerve. Methods: Here, we report a 27-year-old female patient who was diagnosed with arachnoid cyst of the left sheath optic nerve, drained in several occasions, and came to our service because of progressive blurring in the left eye. Outcomes: Due to the location of the lesion, excision could not be performed; so we performed a microsurgical incision with drain by nasal superior transconjunctival approach. After that, the visual acuity (VA) was 0.7, and we could observe that the size of the cyst was smaller than previous examinations with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Nowadays, the patient keeps the same asymptomatic VA. So medical appointments are planned to closely follow-up, and periodically, we perform new scan images and visual fields. Conclusions: Arachnoid cysts of the optic nerve are rare, benign, slowly progressive conditions. They can be asymptomatic lesions, especially smaller ones, or may result in proptosis and loss of vision because of the compression. The best imaging examination for their follow-up is MRI. They should be differentiated from optic nerve sheath meningioma and other conditions.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Diagnosis of Fetal Corpus Callosum Abnormalities and Follow-up Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 088307382110162
Author(s):  
Xu Li ◽  
Qing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Delay ◽  
Mri Diagnosis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Lost To Follow Up ◽  
Singleton Pregnancies

Objectives: We analyzed the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) manifestations of fetal corpus callosum abnormalities and discussed their prognosis based on the results of postnatal follow up. Methods: One hundred fifty-five fetuses were diagnosed with corpus callosum abnormalities by MRI at our hospital from 2004 to 2019. Gesell Development Scales were used to evaluate the prognosis of corpus callosum abnormalities after birth. Results: Corpus callosum abnormalities were diagnosed in 149 fetuses from singleton pregnancies, and 6 pairs of twins, 1 in each pair is a corpus callosum abnormality. Twenty-seven cases (27/155) were lost to follow up, whereas 128 cases (128/155) were followed up. Of these, 101 cases were induced for labor, whereas 27 cases were born naturally. Among the 27 cases of corpus callosum abnormality after birth, 22 cases were from singleton pregnancies (22/27). Moreover, 1 twin from each of 5 pairs of twins (5/27) demonstrated corpus callosum abnormalities. The average Gesell Development Scale score was 87.1 in 19 cases of agenesis of the corpus callosum and 74.9 in 3 cases of hypoplasia of the corpus callosum. Among the 5 affected twins, 2 had severe neurodevelopmental delay, 2 had mild neurodevelopmental delay, and 1 was premature and died. Conclusion: The overall prognosis of agenesis of the corpus callosum is good in singleton pregnancies. Hypoplasia of the corpus callosum is often observed with other abnormalities, and the development quotient of hypoplasia of the corpus callosum is lower compared with agenesis of the corpus callosum. Corpus callosum abnormalities may occur in one twin, in whom the risk may be increased.

scholarly journals Bone marrow abnormalities detected by magnetic resonance imaging as initial sign of hematologic malignancies

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ida Sofie Grønningsæter ◽  
Aymen Bushra Ahmed ◽  
Nils Vetti ◽  
Silje Johansen ◽  
Øystein Bruserud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Hematologic Malignancies ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Initial Sign ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

The increasing use of radiological examination, especially magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), will probably increase the risk of unintended discovery of bone marrow abnormalities in patients where a hematologic disease would not be expected. In this paper we present four patients with different hematologic malignancies of nonplasma cell types. In all patients the MRI bone marrow abnormalities represent an initial presentation of the disease. These case reports illustrate the importance of a careful diagnostic follow-up without delay of patients with MRI bone marrow abnormalities, because such abnormalities can represent the first sign of both acute promyelocytic leukemia as well as other variants of acute leukemia.

The predictive value of magnetic resonance imaging of retinoblastoma for the likelihood of high-risk pathologic features

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 262-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamila G Hiasat ◽  
Alaa Saleh ◽  
Maysa Al-Hussaini ◽  
Ibrahim Al Nawaiseh ◽  
Mustafa Mehyar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cut Edge ◽  
Pathologic Features ◽  
Nerve Invasion ◽  
Choroidal Invasion

Purpose: To evaluate the predictive value of magnetic resonance imaging in retinoblastoma for the likelihood of high-risk pathologic features. Methods: A retrospective study of 64 eyes enucleated from 60 retinoblastoma patients. Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging was performed before enucleation. Main outcome measures included demographics, laterality, accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of magnetic resonance imaging in detecting high-risk pathologic features. Results: Optic nerve invasion and choroidal invasion were seen microscopically in 34 (53%) and 28 (44%) eyes, respectively, while they were detected in magnetic resonance imaging in 22 (34%) and 15 (23%) eyes, respectively. The accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging in detecting prelaminar invasion was 77% (sensitivity 89%, specificity 98%), 56% for laminar invasion (sensitivity 27%, specificity 94%), 84% for postlaminar invasion (sensitivity 42%, specificity 98%), and 100% for optic cut edge invasion (sensitivity100%, specificity 100%). The accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging in detecting focal choroidal invasion was 48% (sensitivity 33%, specificity 97%), and 84% for massive choroidal invasion (sensitivity 53%, specificity 98%), and the accuracy in detecting extrascleral extension was 96% (sensitivity 67%, specificity 98%). Conclusions and relevance: Magnetic resonance imaging should not be the only method to stratify patients at high risk from those who are not, eventhough it can predict with high accuracy extensive postlaminar optic nerve invasion, massive choroidal invasion, and extrascleral tumor extension.

scholarly journals Multifocal Balo's Concentric Sclerosis in Children: Report of a Case and Review of Literature

2017 ◽  
Vol 08 (S 01) ◽  
pp. S136-S138
Author(s):  
Sanjeev Kumar Bhoi ◽  
Suprava Naik ◽  
Jayantee Kalita ◽  
U. K. Misra
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Concentric Pattern ◽  
Baló’S Concentric Sclerosis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Post Infectious

ABSTRACTBalo's concentric sclerosis (BCS) is a rare demyelinating lesion considered to be a variant of multiple sclerosis (MS). On magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) Balo's concentric sclerosis shows the typical concentric pattern. We report a case of 10 year old child with BCS who presented as post infectious acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM). He is asymptomatic and had no relapse after 6 years of follow-up.

scholarly journals Short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache with autonomic symptoms associated with idiopathic hypertrophic pachymeningitis

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 251581631879054
Author(s):  
J Matthijs Biesbroek ◽  
Dirk R Rutgers ◽  
Sander van Gulik ◽  
Catherina JM Frijns
Keyword(s):  
Brain Mri ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Hypertrophic Pachymeningitis ◽  
Trigeminal Autonomic Cephalalgia ◽  
Autonomic Symptoms ◽  
Meningeal Inflammation ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Multiple Episodes ◽  
Rule Out

Short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache with autonomic symptoms (SUNA) is a rare form of trigeminal autonomic cephalalgia. SUNA is frequently associated with a trigeminal neurovascular conflict and rarely occurs secondary to other intracranial pathology. We report a patient with SUNA that was associated with ipsilateral meningeal inflammation caused by idiopathic hypertrophic pachymeningitis (HP). During the 9-year follow-up, she experienced multiple episodes of SUNA, most of which occurred during exacerbations of the pachymeningitis. This is the third case of SUNA associated with HP reported in the literature. Based on this observation, we suggest that in patients presenting with SUNA, besides dedicated magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the trigeminal nerve, gadolinium-enhanced brain MRI should be performed to rule out HP.

scholarly journals Pineocytoma with diffuse dissemination to the leptomeninges

Rare Tumors ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 163-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caitlin Gomez ◽  
Jeffrey Wu ◽  
Whitney Pope ◽  
Harry Vinters ◽  
Antonio DeSalles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Stereotactic Radiotherapy ◽  
Leptomeningeal Dissemination ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Pineal Parenchymal Tumors ◽  
Craniospinal Radiation ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Pineal parenchymal tumors are rare. Of the three types of pineal parenchymal tumors, pineocytomas are the least aggressive and are not known to diffusely disseminate. In this paper, we report the successful treatment of a case of pineocytoma with diffuse leptomeningeal relapse following initial stereotactic radiotherapy. A 39-year-old female presented with headaches, balance impairment, urinary incontinence, and blunted affect. A pineal mass was discovered on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A diagnosis of pineocytoma was established with an endoscopic pineal gland biopsy, and the patient received stereotactic radiotherapy. Ten years later, she developed diffuse leptomeningeal dissemination. The patient was then successfully treated with craniospinal radiation therapy. Leptomeningeal spread may develop as late as 10 years after initial presentation of pineocytoma. Our case demonstrates the importance of long-term follow-up of patients with pineal parenchymal tumors following radiation therapy, and the efficacy of craniospinal radiation in the treatment of leptomeningeal dissemination.

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