scholarly journals Comparison analysis of childhood body mass index cut-offs in predicting adulthood carotid intima media thickness: Tehran lipid and glucose study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farhad Hosseinpanah ◽  
Amirhosein Seyedhoseinpour ◽  
Maryam Barzin ◽  
Maryam Mahdavi ◽  
Erfan Tasdighi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Subclinical Atherosclerosis ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
Childhood Body Mass Index

Abstract Background The prevalence of obesity among children and adolescences have been increased, which can consequently increase the prevalence of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases later in life. The objective of this study is to compare the ability of different childhood body mass index cut-offs in prediction of carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) as an indicator of subclinical atherosclerosis. Methods Participants were categorized into normal weight, overweight and obesity group, based on world health organization (WHO), center for disease control and prevention (CDC), international obesity task force (IOTF) and local IOTF cut-offs. After 18 years of follow up CIMT was measured. Akaike’s information criterion and relative efficiency were measured in order to compare regression models on the role of obesity on CIMT. Results In this prospective cohort study, 1295 subjects aged 3 to 18 years old were enrolled. The overall prevalence of overweight was 15.4, 11.5, 16.3 and 14.1 along with obesity prevalence of 6.6, 8.5, 7.7 and 5.0% based on WHO, CDC, local IOTF and international IOTF criteria, respectively. CIMT was higher in obese compare to normal groups across all classification criteria. After regression analysis, international IOTF was the best to predict adulthood CIMT, followed by local IOTF and WHO. CDC had the least discriminatory ability. Conclusion Due to the results of this study, IOTF could be a better tool in national and international surveillances of children in order to define overweight and obesity, which can help us to intervene more effectively in reducing the burden of cardiovascular diseases.

scholarly journals Comparison Analysis of Childhood Body Mass Index Cut-offs in Predicting Adulthood Carotid Intima Media Thickness: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farhad Hosseinpanah ◽  
Amirhosein Seyedhoseinpour ◽  
Maryam Barzin ◽  
Maryam Mahdavi ◽  
Erfan Tasdighi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Subclinical Atherosclerosis ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
Childhood Body Mass Index

Abstract Background: The prevalence of obesity among children and adolescences have been increased, which can consequently increase the prevalence of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases later in life. The objective of this study is to compare the ability of different childhood body mass index cut-offs in prediction of carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) as an indicator of subclinical atherosclerosis. Methods: Participants were categorized into normal weight, overweight and obesity group, based on world health organization (WHO), center for disease control and prevention (CDC), international obesity task force (IOTF) and local IOTF cut-offs. After 18 years of follow up CIMT was measured. Akaike’s information criterion and relative efficiency were measured in order to compare regression models on the role of obesity on CIMT.Results: In this prospective cohort study, 1295 subjects aged 3 to 18 years old were enrolled. The overall prevalence of overweight was 15.4, 11.5, 16.3 and 14.1 along with obesity prevalence of 6.6, 8.5, 7.7 and 5.0 percent based on WHO, CDC, local IOTF and international IOTF criteria, respectively. CIMT was higher in obese compare to normal groups across all classification criteria. After regression analysis, international IOTF was the best to predict adulthood CIMT, followed by local IOTF and WHO. CDC had the least discriminatory ability. Conclusion: Due to the results of this study, IOTF could be a better tool in national and international surveillances of children in order to define overweight and obesity, which can help us to intervene more effectively in reducing the burden of cardiovascular diseases.

The association between carotid atherosclerosis and treatment with lithium and antipsychotics in patients with bipolar disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (11) ◽  
pp. 1125-1134
Author(s):  
Shang-Ying Tsai ◽  
Ruei-Siang Shen ◽  
Chian-Jue Kuo ◽  
Pao-Huan Chen ◽  
Kuo-Hsuan Chung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Media Thickness

Objectives: Patients with bipolar disorder are at high risk of cardiovascular diseases. Among cardiovascular diseases, coronary heart disease and stroke are the leading causes of premature death and both share the pathogenesis of arterial atherosclerosis. Increased carotid intima-media thickness is sensitive for detecting early atherosclerosis and a practical index for predicting cardiovascular diseases. However, few studies investigated carotid intima-media thickness in adults with bipolar disorder. We attempted to determine the factors associated with carotid intima-media thickness in adults with bipolar disorder. Methods: The euthymic out-patients with bipolar I disorder aged over 20 years were recruited to measure the carotid intima-media thickness value through B-mode carotid ultrasound. Those with any psychiatric disorder, acute or life-threatening medical condition were excluded. All clinical information was obtained by reviewing medical records and directly interviewing patients with reliable others. Results: Of the 106 participants with a mean age of 44.5 years, 40.6% ( N = 43) had concurrent cardiovascular/endocrine/metabolic diseases. A multivariate regression indicated that higher assumed daily lithium dosage was significantly associated with a decreased carotid intima-media thickness in the whole sample. In the young subgroup (⩽45 years old, N = 63), higher current daily lithium dosage and lower body mass index were associated with lower carotid intima-media thickness. In those without concurrent cardiovascular/endocrine/metabolic diseases, higher ratio of first-generation antipsychotics exposure in relation to illness chronicity was associated with higher carotid intima-media thickness, after controlling for body mass index or age. Conclusion: Lithium treatment may be associated with less progression in carotid intima-media thickness and the reduced risk for atherosclerosis in adults with bipolar disorder, including those with high cardiovascular disease risk. In addition to age and body mass index, antipsychotics may increase carotid intima-media thickness even in the low cardiovascular disease-risk patients.

Abstract P301: Association of Toenail Cadmium Levels with Measures of Sub-Clinical Atherosclerosis: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Trace Element Study

Circulation ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pengcheng Xun ◽  
Kiang Liu ◽  
Steve Morris ◽  
Martha Daviglus ◽  
Catherine Loria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
Cd Exposure

Background: Experimental studies have suggested that cadmium (Cd) exposure is a potential risk factor for early atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases as it can disrupt integrity of the endothelial cell layer. However, longitudinal data in humans relating Cd levels to sub-clinical atherosclerosis are lacking. Methods: 2589 participants from the CARDIA Study, aged 20-32 years in 1987 (baseline) with up to 18 years of follow-up were included in the analyses to examine prospectively the associations of toenail Cd concentrations with carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and coronary artery calcium score (CAC score). Toenail clippings were collected in 1987 and Cd was assessed by instrumental neutron-activation analysis. Common (c), bulb (b), and internal (i) CIMTs were measured in 2005 and CAC score in 2000 and 2005. CAC presence (score, >0 Agatston units) and CAC progression (incident CAC in 2005 or increase in CAC score by ≥10 Agatston units) were defined based on CAC score. General linear regression or logistic regression was used as appropriate. Results: Median Cd levels were 0.003, 0.006, 0.012 and 0.039 μ g/g from 1 st - 4 th quartile. We observed a positive linear relation of Cd levels with cCIMT, but not bCIMT and iCIMT ( Table 1 ). Null associations between Cd levels and CAC progression [Q 4 vs . Q 1 : OR=1.11 (95% CI: 0.73, 1.68); P trend =0.14] or presence of CAC [Q 4 vs . Q 1 : OR=1.05 (0.73, 1.53); P trend =0.56] were documented. Conclusions: In this young adult cohort, toenail Cd levels were positively associated with cCIMT, but not bCIMT, iCIMT and CAC score. Further studies are needed to determine whether there is an atherosclerotic mechanism linking Cd exposure to the risk of cardiovascular disease. Table 1 Multivariable-adjusted carotid intima-media thickness (mm) by toenail cadmium levels No. of participants Quartile of toenail cadmium levels P trend Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 cCIMT 2587 0.781 (0.773-0.790) 0.784 (0.776-0.793) 0.789 (0.781-0.798) 0.791 (0.781-0.798) 0.03 bCIMT 2527 1.010 (0.990-0.1.031) 1.002 (0.982-1.022) 0.981 (0.962-1.001) 1.001 (0.980-1.022) 0.17 iCIMT 2436 0.787 (0.772-0.802) 0.790 (0.776-0.804) 0.784 (0.770-0.798) 0.778 (0.763-0.793) 0.86 Data are geometric means (95%CIs) adjusted for age, gender, race, study center, body mass index, physical activity, education, smoking status, alcohol consumption, systolic blood pressure, LDL/HDL, HOMA, body mass index, long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids intake with toenail zinc, chromium, lead and mass weight. cCIMT : common carotid intima-media thickness; bCIMT : bulb carotid intima-media thickness; iCIMT : internal carotid intima-media thickness.

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