scholarly journals Clinical predictors associated with full remission versus episode of major depressive disorder outpatients: the experience at a teaching hospital in Taiwan

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei-Yu Yeh ◽  
Yu Lee ◽  
Su-Ching Sung ◽  
Tao-Hsin Tung
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Clinical Predictors ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Full Remission

A randomised, placebo-controlled 24-week study evaluating adjunctive brexpiprazole in patients with major depressive disorder

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Bauer ◽  
Nanco Hefting ◽  
Annika Lindsten ◽  
Mette Krog Josiassen ◽  
Mary Hobart
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Treatment Period ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Primary Endpoint ◽  
Inadequate Response ◽  
Madrs Total Score ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Full Remission

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate brexpiprazole adjunctive to antidepressant therapies (ADTs) as maintenance treatment in patients with major depressive disorder with inadequate response to ADT, utilising a novel study design.MethodsThe study comprised an 8-week prospective treatment period with open-label ADT with double-blind placebo treatment and a 24-week randomised treatment period. Investigators and patients were blinded to treatment periods, randomisation criteria, and timing of randomisation. Patients with early response to open-label ADT were withdrawn at Week 6. Patients fulfilling criteria for inadequate response were randomised to ADT+brexpiprazole 1–3 mg/day, or ADT+placebo. The primary endpoint was full remission: Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) total score ≤10 and ≥50% decrease from randomisation (i.e. baseline) in MADRS total score for at least 8 consecutive weeks.ResultsThe primary efficacy analysis failed to show a statistically significant difference between the proportions of patients on ADT+brexpiprazole (21.4%) and ADT+placebo (24.9%) achieving full remission; odds ratio: 0.83; p=0.2641. The secondary endpoint of change from baseline to Week 6 in MADRS total score showed no difference between ADT+brexpiprazole and ADT+placebo (−0.4; p=0.3259). The most frequent treatment-emergent adverse event (TEAE) in patients receiving ADT+brexpiprazole was weight increased (9.5% vs. 5.0% in ADT+placebo). The incidence of TEAEs leading to withdrawal in the randomised treatment period was 6.3% in the ADT+brexpiprazole group and 3.4% in the ADT+placebo group.ConclusionAdjunctive brexpiprazole did not differentiate from ADT+placebo on the primary endpoint of full remission. A number of design elements in this previously untried study design may have contributed to the study result. Brexpiprazole was well tolerated.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between the Gut Microbiome-Immune System-Brain Axis and Major Depressive Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane A. Foster ◽  
Glen B. Baker ◽  
Serdar M. Dursun
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Antidepressant Drugs ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Signaling Systems ◽  
Full Remission

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a prominent cause of disability worldwide. Current antidepressant drugs produce full remission in only about one-third of MDD patients and there are no biomarkers to guide physicians in selecting the best treatment for individuals. There is an urgency to learn more about the etiology of MDD and to identify new targets that will lead to improved therapy and hopefully aid in predicting and preventing MDD. There has been extensive interest in the roles of the immune system and the gut microbiome in MDD and in how these systems interact. Gut microbes can contribute to the nature of immune responses, and a chronic inflammatory state may lead to increased responsiveness to stress and to development of MDD. The gut microbiome-immune system-brain axis is bidirectional, is sensitive to stress and is important in development of stress-related disorders such as MDD. Communication between the gut and brain involves the enteric nervous system (ENS), the autonomic nervous system (ANS), neuroendocrine signaling systems and the immune system, and all of these can interact with the gut microbiota. Preclinical studies and preliminary clinical investigations have reported improved mood with administration of probiotics and prebiotics, but large, carefully controlled clinical trials are now necessary to evaluate their effectiveness in treating MDD. The roles that several gut microbe-derived molecules such as neurotransmitters, short chain fatty acids and tryptophan play in MDD are reviewed briefly. Challenges and potential future directions associated with studying this important axis as it relates to MDD are discussed.

Early clinical predictors of long-term morbidity in major depressive disorder

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 999-1002
Author(s):  
Giulia Serra ◽  
Athanasios Koukopoulos ◽  
Lavinia De Chiara ◽  
Alexia E. Koukopoulos ◽  
Gabriele Sani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Clinical Predictors ◽  
Major Depressive

The influence of adversity and perceived social support on the outcome of major depressive disorder in subjects with different levels of depressive symptoms

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 779-788 ◽  
Author(s):  
ULLA LESKELÄ ◽  
HEIKKI RYTSÄLÄ ◽  
ERKKI KOMULAINEN ◽  
TARJA MELARTIN ◽  
PETTERI SOKERO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Partial Remission ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Adverse Life Events ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Full Remission

Background. Adverse life events and social support may influence the outcome of major depressive disorder (MDD). We hypothesized that outcome would depend on the level of depressive symptoms present at the outset, with those in partial remission being particularly vulnerable.Method. In the Vantaa Depression Study (VDS), patients with DSM-IV MDD were interviewed at baseline, and at 6 and 18 months. Life events were investigated with the Interview for Recent Life Events (IRLE) and social support with the Interview Measure of Social Relationships (IMSR) and the Perceived Social Support Scale – Revised (PSSS-R). The patients were divided into three subgroups at 6 months, those in full remission (n=68), partial remission (n=75) or major depressive episode (MDE) (n=50). The influence of social support and negative life events during the next 12 months on the level of depressive symptoms, measured by the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD), was investigated at endpoint.Results. The severity of life events and perceived social support influenced the outcome of depression overall, even after adjusting for baseline level of depression and neuroticism. In the full remission subgroup, both severity of life events and subjective social support significantly predicted outcome. However, in the partial remission group, only the severity of events, and in the MDE group, the level of social support were significant predictors.Conclusions. Adverse life events and/or poor perceived social support influence the medium-term outcome of all psychiatric patients with MDD. These factors appear to have the strongest predictive value in the subgroup of patients currently in full remission.

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