scholarly journals Risk factors for incident prostate cancer in a cohort of world trade center responders

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean A. P. Clouston ◽  
Peifen Kuan ◽  
Roman Kotov ◽  
Soumyadeep Mukherjee ◽  
Patricia Thompson-Carino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Traumatic Event ◽  
World Trade Center ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Prostate Cancer Incidence ◽  
Trade Center

Abstract Background Despite a relatively young average age and no routine screening, prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers in men who worked at the World Trade Center (WTC) following the 9/11/2001 disaster. This study evaluated whether re-experiencing stressful memories of a traumatic event was associated with prostate cancer incidence. Methods Participants were males from one clinical center that monitors the health of first-responders (N = 6857). Monitoring began in July 2002 and occurs annually but does not include prostate cancer screening. Severity of physical exposures and of re-experiencing memories and stress responses were measured at study enrollment using standardized and validated methods in all participants. The outcome was incidence of diagnosed prostate cancer after enrollment (n = 68). Bivariate analyses provided age-adjusted incidence rates (aIR). Cox proportional hazards modeling was used to calculate incidence; hazards ratios (HR) were reported. Results The mean age of responders on 9/11/2001 was 37.9 years. Prostate cancer incidence was lowest in responders with no re-experiencing stress (aIR = 250.83/100,000 person-years, [233.41–268.25]) and highest in responders with severe re-experiencing stress (aIR = 818.49/100,000 person-years, [801.07–835.91]). Cox proportional hazards regression revealed that re-experiencing the stressful events of 9/11/2001 was associated with increased prostate cancer incidence (HR = 1.96 [1.26–3.05], P = 0.003), even upon adjusting for confounders. Conclusions This is the first study to identify a positive association between re-experiencing a traumatic event and prostate cancer incidence. Our results are consistent with recent rodent model evidence demonstrating a direct biological link between stress pathways and prostate tumorigenesis and offer new hypotheses in the causality of prostate cancer.

scholarly journals Cancer in General Responders Participating in World Trade Center Health Programs, 2003–2013

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Moshe Z Shapiro ◽  
Sylvan R Wallenstein ◽  
Christopher R Dasaro ◽  
Roberto G Lucchini ◽  
Henry S Sacks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Health Program ◽  
World Trade Center ◽  
September 11 ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Cancer Case ◽  
Trade Center

Abstract Background Following the September 11, 2001, attacks on the World Trade Center (WTC), thousands of workers were exposed to an array of toxins known to cause adverse health effects, including cancer. This study evaluates cancer incidence in the WTC Health Program General Responder Cohort occurring within 12 years post exposure. Methods The study population consisted of 28 729 members of the General Responder Cohort enrolled from cohort inception, July 2002 to December 31, 2013. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were calculated with cancer case inclusion and follow-up starting post September 11, 2001 (unrestricted) and, alternatively, to account for selection bias, with case inclusion and follow-up starting 6 months after enrollment in the WTC Health Program (restricted). Case ascertainment was based on linkage with six state cancer registries. Under the restricted criterion, hazard ratios were estimated using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models for all cancer sites combined and for prostate cancer. Results Restricted analyses identified 1072 cancers in 999 responders, with elevations in cancer incidence for all cancer sites combined (SIR = 1.09, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.02 to 1.16), prostate cancer (SIR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.11 to 1.40), thyroid cancer (SIR = 2.19, 95% CI = 1.71 to 2.75), and leukemia (SIR = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.01 to 1.92). Cancer incidence was not associated with any WTC exposure index (composite or individual) for all cancer sites combined or for prostate cancer. Conclusion Our analyses show statistically significant elevations in cancer incidence for all cancer sites combined and for prostate and thyroid cancers and leukemia. Multivariable analyses show no association with magnitude or type of exposure.

scholarly journals Factors Predicting Treatment of World Trade Center-Related Lung Injury: A Longitudinal Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (23) ◽  
pp. 9056
Author(s):  
Barbara Putman ◽  
Lies Lahousse ◽  
David G. Goldfarb ◽  
Rachel Zeig-Owens ◽  
Theresa Schwartz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Injury ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
World Trade Center ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Beta Agonist ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Models ◽  
Trade Center

The factors that predict treatment of lung injury in occupational cohorts are poorly defined. We aimed to identify patient characteristics associated with initiation of treatment with inhaled corticosteroid/long-acting beta-agonist (ICS/LABA) >2 years among World Trade Center (WTC)-exposed firefighters. The study population included 8530 WTC-exposed firefighters. Multivariable logistic regression assessed the association of patient characteristics with ICS/LABA treatment for >2 years over two-year intervals from 11 September 2001–10 September 2017. Cox proportional hazards models measured the association of high probability of ICS/LABA initiation with actual ICS/LABA initiation in subsequent intervals. Between 11 September 2001–1 July 2018, 1629/8530 (19.1%) firefighters initiated ICS/LABA treatment for >2 years. Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 s (FEV1), wheeze, and dyspnea were consistently and independently associated with ICS/LABA treatment. High-intensity WTC exposure was associated with ICS/LABA between 11 September 2001–10 September 2003. The 10th percentile of risk for ICS/LABA between 11 September 2005–10 Septmeber 2007 was associated with a 3.32-fold increased hazard of actual ICS/LABA initiation in the subsequent 4 years. In firefighters with WTC exposure, FEV1, wheeze, and dyspnea were independently associated with prolonged ICS/LABA treatment. A high risk for treatment was identifiable from routine monitoring exam results years before treatment initiation.

scholarly journals Prostate Cancer in World Trade Center Responders Demonstrates Evidence of an Inflammatory Cascade

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 1605-1612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yixuan Gong ◽  
Li Wang ◽  
Haocheng Yu ◽  
Naomi Alpert ◽  
Mitchell D. Cohen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
World Trade ◽  
World Trade Center ◽  
Inflammatory Cascade ◽  
Trade Center

Flashbulb Memories of Personal Events of 9/11 and the Day after for a Sample of New York City Residents

2004 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 304-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl M. Paradis ◽  
Faith Florer ◽  
Linda Zener Solomon ◽  
Theresa Thompson
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
World Trade ◽  
World Trade Center ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
World Trade Center Attack ◽  
Trade Center

The present study assessed consistency of recollections of personal circumstances of the 9/11 World Trade Center attack and events of the day before (9/10), and the day after (9/12), in a sample of 100 New York City college students. The day before 9/11 represented an ordinary event. A questionnaire was administered twice, 1 wk. and 1 yr. after the 9/11 attack. Students were asked to describe their personal circumstances when hearing about the news of the World Trade Center attack and for the same time of day for 9/10 and 9/12. 18 students returned the follow-up questionnaire. Consistency of initial and follow-up responses for the central categories for both 9/11 and 9/12 of where, who, and activity was very high (9/11: “Where”-100%, “Who”-100%, “What”-94%; 9/12: “Where”-100%, “Who”-100%, “What”-80%). Recollections of 9/10 were significantly less consistent (“Where”-79%, “Who”-71%, “What”-71%). Analysis indicated that students formed vivid, consistent recollections during the events of both 9/11 and 9/12. It is likely that the events of 9/12 also became flashbulb memories, vivid recollections of traumatic events, because the emotional impact of the stressful events, i.e., police and military presence, disrupted schedules, relating to the 9/11 attack endured beyond the day of the attack.

scholarly journals Temporal Association of Cancer Incidence with World Trade Center Rescue/Recovery Work

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David G. Goldfarb ◽  
Paolo Boffetta ◽  
Rachel Zeig-Owens ◽  
Dana Kristjansson ◽  
Jiehui Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
World Trade ◽  
World Trade Center ◽  
Temporal Association ◽  
Trade Center

scholarly journals Ten-year cancer incidence in rescue/recovery workers and civilians exposed to the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center

2016 ◽  
Vol 59 (9) ◽  
pp. 709-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiehui Li ◽  
Robert M. Brackbill ◽  
Tim S. Liao ◽  
Baozhen Qiao ◽  
James E. Cone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
World Trade ◽  
World Trade Center ◽  
September 11 ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
The World ◽  
Trade Center
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