scholarly journals Number of long-term inpatients in Japanese psychiatric care beds: trend analysis from the patient survey and the 630 survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsushi Okayama ◽  
Kentaro Usuda ◽  
Emi Okazaki ◽  
Yoshio Yamanouchi
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Psychiatric Care ◽  
Patient Survey ◽  
Multifaceted Approach ◽  
The Past ◽  
Natural Decrease ◽  
Hospital Bed ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Using Data

Abstract Background The number of psychiatric care beds and the mean length of stay in psychiatric care beds in Japan have decreased over the past 10 years. However, as has long been indicated here and elsewhere, Japan lags behind other countries in terms of deinstitutionalization. Furthermore, the population of inpatients in psychiatric care beds is aging dramatically. In addition to the diversification of mental illness, the question of what measures to implement going forward regarding current psychiatric bed resources has emerged as a new challenge. Methods Using data from the Patient Survey and the 630 Survey, we examined trends in the number of long-term inpatients in psychiatric care beds in Japan through 2040. Population estimation was used for estimating long-term hospital bed demand because of small fluctuations in the admission and discharge of long-term inpatients. Results In 2017, nearly one-third of all long-term hospitalized patients were aged ≥75 years, and an estimated 47% of the total are expected to die by 2040. Thus, the overall demand for long-term hospitalization is forecast to decrease sharply due to aging of currently hospitalized long-term inpatients. The number of long-term inpatients in 2017 was 167,579, and this is projected to decrease to 103,141 in 2040. Conclusions We believe it is necessary to adopt a multifaceted approach to promote hospital discharge and transition to the community, and to address the diversification of mental illness and the issue of psychiatric care bed supply/availability, which are forecast to decrease due to the natural decrease in long-term inpatients.

scholarly journals Number of long-term inpatients in Japanese psychiatric care beds: trend analysis from the Patient Survey and the 630 Survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsushi Okayama ◽  
Kentaro Usuda ◽  
Emi Okazaki ◽  
Yoshio Yamanouchi
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Psychiatric Care ◽  
Patient Survey ◽  
Multifaceted Approach ◽  
The Past ◽  
Natural Decrease ◽  
Hospital Bed ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Using Data

Abstract BackgroundThe number of psychiatric care beds and the mean length of stay in psychiatric care beds in Japan have decreased over the past 10 years. However, as has long been indicated here and elsewhere, Japan lags behind other countries in terms of deinstitutionalization. Furthermore, the population of inpatients in psychiatric care beds is aging dramatically. In addition to the diversification of mental illness, the question of what measures to implement going forward regarding current psychiatric bed resources has emerged as a new challenge.MethodsUsing data from the Patient Survey and the 630 Survey, we examined trends in the number of long-term inpatients in psychiatric care beds in Japan through 2040. Population estimation was used for estimating long-term hospital bed demand because of small fluctuations in the admission and discharge of long-term inpatients.ResultsIn 2017, nearly one-third of all long-term hospitalized patients were aged ≥75 years, and an estimated 47% of the total are expected to die by 2040. Thus, the overall demand for long-term hospitalization is forecast to decrease sharply due to aging of currently hospitalized long-term inpatients. The number of long-term inpatients in 2017 was 167,579, and this is projected to decrease to 103,141 in 2040.ConclusionsWe believe it is necessary to adopt a multifaceted approach to promote hospital discharge and transition to the community, and to address the diversification of mental illness and the issue of psychiatric care bed supply/availability, which are forecast to decrease due to the natural decrease in long-term inpatients.

scholarly journals Number of long-term inpatients in Japanese psychiatric care beds: trend analysis from the Patient Survey and the 630 Survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsushi Okayama ◽  
Kentaro Usuda ◽  
Emi Okazaki ◽  
Yoshio Yamanouchi
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Psychiatric Care ◽  
Patient Survey ◽  
Multifaceted Approach ◽  
The Past ◽  
Natural Decrease ◽  
Hospital Bed ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Using Data

Abstract BackgroundThe number of psychiatric care beds and the mean length of stay in psychiatric care beds in Japan have decreased over the past 10 years. However, as has long been indicated here and elsewhere, Japan lags behind other countries in terms of deinstitutionalization. Furthermore, the population of inpatients in psychiatric care beds is aging dramatically. In addition to the diversification of mental illness, the question of what measures to implement going forward regarding current psychiatric bed resources has emerged as a new challenge.MethodsUsing data from the Patient Survey and the 630 Survey, we examined trends in the number of long-term inpatients in psychiatric care beds in Japan through 2040. Population estimation was used for estimating long-term hospital bed demand because of small fluctuations in the admission and discharge of long-term inpatients.ResultsIn 2017, nearly one-third of all long-term hospitalized patients were aged ≥75 years, and an estimated 47% of the total are expected to die by 2040. Thus, the overall demand for long-term hospitalization is forecast to decrease sharply due to aging of currently hospitalized long-term inpatients. The number of long-term inpatients in 2017 was 167,579, and this is projected to decrease to 103,141 in 2040.ConclusionsWe believe it is necessary to adopt a multifaceted approach to promote hospital discharge and transition to the community, and to address the diversification of mental illness and the issue of psychiatric care bed supply/availability, which are forecast to decrease due to the natural decrease in long-term inpatients.

scholarly journals Number of long-term inpatients in Japanese psychiatric care beds: trend analysis from the Patient Survey and the 630 Survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsushi Okayama ◽  
Kentaro Usuda ◽  
Emi Okazaki ◽  
Yoshio Yamanouchi
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Psychiatric Care ◽  
Patient Survey ◽  
Multifaceted Approach ◽  
The Past ◽  
Natural Decrease ◽  
Hospital Bed ◽  
The Mean

Abstract BackgroundThe number of psychiatric care beds and the mean length of stay in psychiatric care beds in Japan have decreased over the past 10 years. However, as has long been indicated here and elsewhere, Japan lags behind other countries in terms of deinstitutionalization. Furthermore, inpatients in psychiatric care beds are aging dramatically. In addition to the diversification of mental illness, the question of what measures to implement going forward about current psychiatric bed resources has emerged as a new challenge. MethodsUsing data from the Patient Survey and the 630 Survey, we examined trends in the number of long-term inpatients in psychiatric care beds in Japan through 2040. Population estimation was used for estimating long-term hospital bed demand because of small fluctuations in the admission and discharge of long-term inpatients. ResultsIn 2017, of all long-term hospitalized patients, those aged ≤74 years accounted for 68% and those aged ≥75 years accounted for 32%; however, an estimated 47% of the total are expected to die by 2040. Thus, the overall demand for long-term hospitalization is forecast to decrease sharply due to aging of currently hospitalized long-term inpatients. The number of long-term inpatients in 2017 was 167,579, and this is projected to decrease to 103,141 in 2040. ConclusionsWe believe it is necessary to adopt a multifaceted approach to promote hospital discharge and transition to the community, and to address the diversification of mental illness and the issue of psychiatric care bed supply/availability, which are forecast to decrease due to the natural decrease in long-term inpatients.

Increase associated risk of gynaecological cancer due to long-term exposure to high concentration of atmospheric SO2 industrial pollutant

2021 ◽  
pp. 1420326X2110036
Author(s):  
Qian Xu ◽  
Chan Lu ◽  
Rachael Gakii Murithi ◽  
Lanqin Cao
Keyword(s):  
Time Windows ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Gynaecological Cancer ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
The Past ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Air Quality Monitoring Stations ◽  
Control Study

A cohort case–control study was conducted in XiangYa Hospital, Changsha, China, which involved 305 patients and 399 healthy women, from June 2010 to December 2018, to evaluate the association between Chinese women’s short- and long-term exposure to industrial air pollutant, SO2 and gynaecological cancer (GC). We obtained personal and family information from the XiangYa Hospital electronic computer medical records. Using data obtained from the air quality monitoring stations in Changsha, we estimated each woman’s exposure to the industrial air pollutant, sulphur dioxide (SO2), for different time windows, including the past 1, 5, 10 and 15 years before diagnosis of the disease. A multiple logistic regression model was used to assess the association between GC and SO2 exposure. GC was significantly associated with long-term SO2 exposure, with adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) = 1.56 (1.10–2.21) and 1.81 (1.07–3.06) for a per interquartile range increase in the past 10 and 15 years, respectively. Sensitivity analysis showed that different groups reacted in different ways to long-term SO2 exposure. We concluded that long-term exposure to high concentration of industrial pollutant, SO2 is associated with the development of GC. This finding has implications for the prevention and reduction of GC.

An Evaluation of Community-Based Psychiatric Care for People with Treated Long-Term Mental Illness

1995 ◽  
Vol 167 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greg Wilkinson ◽  
Marco Piccinelli ◽  
Ian Falloon ◽  
Haroutyon Krekorian ◽  
Sheila McLees
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Care ◽  
Adaptive Functioning ◽  
Social Performance ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Rural Setting ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Treatment Measures

BackgroundWe evaluated integrated, multidisciplinary, community-based care for a cohort of people with treated long-term mental illness over two years in a field trial set in a semi-rural setting. The aim was to organise local psychiatric services on an extramural basis with general practitioner teams as the key element.MethodTrained research workers used a structured interview to collect standardised baseline and three-monthly socio-demographic, clinical, social, family adjustment and burden, and treatment measures from patients, informants, and key-workers. Analysis included descriptive statistics and, for longitudinal data, analysis of best-fitted straight lines.ResultsWe studied 34 patients (14 with schizophrenia, 11 with major affective disorders, and 9 with minor (non-major) affective disorders and anxiety disorders) who had a mean of 12 years continuous illness. At baseline, they were mainly characterised by research workers as mildly ill with fair social adaptive functioning, and by lay informants as having moderate target symptom severity and disturbance of social performance. Over two years, there were statistically significant, slight improvements in clinical global impressions ratings by research workers, and in informants ratings of target symptoms and social performance. Most patients continued to receive prescriptions for psychotropic drugs throughout follow-up, and they had a mean of 47 therapeutic contacts, mainly from nurses. Two patients were admitted to psychiatric hospital. There were few differences between patients in different diagnostic groups.ConclusionsIntegrated, multidisciplinary, community-based psychiatric care for people with treated long-term mental illness is feasible in a semi-rural setting: patients receiving pharmacotherapy and regular psychosocial treatments remained relatively stable on clinical and social measures over two years. The unique way in which the service was monitored, by making regular, systematic assessments of patients and carers, serves as an example for other services.

scholarly journals Monitoring inner London mental illness services

1995 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 276-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Bernard Audini ◽  
Michael Crowe ◽  
Joan Feldman ◽  
Anna Higgitt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Psychiatric Care ◽  
Bed Occupancy ◽  
Local Data ◽  
Catchment Population ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Acute Psychiatric Care ◽  
The Impact

Our objective was to establish a mechanism for monitoring indicators of the state of health of inner London's mental illness services. Data were collected for a census week around 15 June 1994. Local data collection was coordinated by consultant pyschiatrists working in inner London services. Twelve services participated with a combined catchment population of 2.6 m. They included ten London services which were among the 17 most socially deprived areas of England. Main indicators were admission bed occupancy levels (including an estimate of the total requirement), proportion of patients detained under the Mental Health Act, number of assaults committed by inpatients, number of emergency assessments and CPN caseloads. The mean true bed occupancy (which reflects the number of patients who were receiving, or required, in-patient care on census day) was 130%. To meet all need for acute psychiatric care, including for patients who should have been admitted and those discharged prematurely because beds were full, a further 426 beds would have been required. Fifty per cent of patients were legally detained. Physical assaults were virtually a daily occurrence on the admission units. Average community pyschiatric nurse caseloads were 37, suggesting that the majority were not working intensively with limited caseloads of patients with severe mental illness. These indicators, although imperfect, will allow for some measurement of the impact of local and central initiatives on the poor state of London's mental illness services.

scholarly journals The Long-Term Behaviour of BY Dra

1995 ◽  
Vol 151 ◽  
pp. 103-105
Author(s):  
K.P. Panov ◽  
M.S. Ivanovo ◽  
J.S.W. Stegert
Keyword(s):  
Activity Cycle ◽  
Light Level ◽  
Light Curves ◽  
Sunspot Activity ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cyclic Variations ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Subsequent Rise ◽  
Visual Light

BY Dra has been extensively monitored for flares and spot-modulation of brightness at the Bulgarian National Astronomical Observatory (Panov & Ivanova 1993). Its mean light level exhibited remarkable changes in the past, due to the emergence and disintegration of photospheric spots, and different cycles have been proposed for the long-term changes of the BY Dra activity. This star is still believed to be a good candidate for cyclic variations, presumably similar to the sunspot activity cycle. After a spectacular drop in brightness in 1965 — 1967, and a subsequent rise in the early 70s, the mean light remained approximately constant during 1977 - 1991. A brightening of BY Dra occurred in 1992.In Fig. 1, the light curves are shown for 1991, 1992 and 1993 in the V-band and in B — V. Phases were calculated with the ephemeris of Chugainov (1966):JD (min. light) = 2438983.612 + 3.836 · EFrom Fig. 1, it is apparent that the mean visual light, which was about V = 8.20 in 1991, increased in 1992 by 0m.10, and a further increase by another 0m.03 occurred in 1993. The phase of minimum light in 1992 indicates that the position of the spot remained approximately the same in stellar longitude as in 1991. However, in 1993 the position of the spot changed by almost half a period.

Peer Commentaries on ‘An Evaluation of Community-based Psychiatric Care for People with Treated Long-Term Mental Illness’

1995 ◽  
Vol 167 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Pullen ◽  
Tony Kendrick
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Psychiatric Care ◽  
Community Based

The following two commentaries were invited by the editor, and add to a series of reviews and comments that are published together with particular papers.

scholarly journals Characteristics of cold–warm variation in the Hetao region and its surrounding areas in China during the past 5000 years

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.-Q. Li ◽  
Q.-S. Ge ◽  
Z.-X. Hao ◽  
J.-Y. Zheng ◽  
S.-F. He
Keyword(s):  
Climate Changes ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Data Series ◽  
Proxy Data ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Temperature Proxy ◽  
Surrounding Areas

Abstract. Using six long-term temperature proxy data series derived from different natural evidences, including pollens and lake-sediments, we reconstructed a temperature series with a 100-yr time resolution for the past 5000 yr in the Hetao region and its surrounding areas. The resulting series suggests that, on a millennial timescale, temperatures in the region were higher than the mean value of the whole series during the 5000~2600 years before present (yr BP) period, and became relatively low comparing with the average temperature of the whole series after 2600 yr BP. Within these two periods, temperature fluctuations comprising numerous short, multi-centennial intervals also existed. A comparison between our reconstructed series and other series in China and across the Northern Hemisphere indicate that, on a long-term scale, cold–warm variations had been in phase across the whole hemisphere during the past 5000 years; on the century to multi-century scale, the beginning and the ending times varied from region to region, thus implying that climate changes did not occur simultaneously in different regions.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document