scholarly journals Tobacco messages encountered in real-time among low socio-economic position groups: a descriptive study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elise M. Stevens ◽  
Coralia Vázquez-Otero ◽  
Xiaoyan Li ◽  
Monisha Arya ◽  
Donna Vallone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Public Health Education ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Health Campaigns ◽  
Point Of Sale ◽  
Economic Position ◽  
Public Health Campaigns ◽  
American Cities

Abstract Background Tobacco advertising disproportionately targets low socio-economic position (SEP) groups, causing higher rates of tobacco use in this population. Anti-tobacco public health education campaigns persuade against use. This study measured real-time exposure of pro- and anti-tobacco messages from low SEP groups in two American cities. Methods Individuals in low SEP groups (N = 95), aged 18–34 years old, who were smokers and non-smokers, from the Boston and Houston areas, took part in a mobile health study. They submitted images of tobacco-related messages they encountered via a mobile application for a 7-week period. Two coders analyzed the images for message characteristics. Intercoder reliability was established using Krippendorff’s alpha and data were analyzed descriptively. Results Of the submitted images (N = 131), 83 were pro-tobacco and 53 were anti-tobacco. Of the pro-tobacco messages, the majority were cigarette ads (80.7%) seen outside (36.1%) or inside (30.1%) a convenience store or gas station and used conventional themes (e.g., price promotion; 53.2%). Of the anti-tobacco messages, 56.6% were sponsored by public health campaigns or were signage prohibiting smoking in a public area (39.6%). Most focused on the health harms of smoking (28.3%). Conclusion Low SEP groups in this study encountered more pro-tobacco than anti-tobacco messages at places that were point-of-sale using price promotions to appeal to this group. Anti-tobacco messages at point-of-sale and/or advertising regulations may help combat tobacco use.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Tobacco Use and Efforts for Tobacco Control in The Democratic People’s Republic of Korea

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heeje Lee ◽  
Minah Kang ◽  
Sangchul Yoon ◽  
Kee B. Park
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Republic Of Korea ◽  
World Health ◽  
Online Media ◽  
Health Campaigns ◽  
Media Content Analysis ◽  
Public Health Campaigns ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Tobacco use is one of the main public health concerns as it causes multiple diseases. The Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK) is one of the 168 signatory countries of the World Health Organization (WHO) member states agreed to adopt the WHO Framework Convention of Tobacco Control (FCTC). However, there is lack of information regarding the tobacco use in the DPRK and the government’s efforts for tobacco control. The aim of the study was to find the prevalence of tobacco use among the DPRK people and the government’s efforts to control tobacco use among its population, through literature review combined with online media content analysis. In 2020, the prevalence of tobacco smoking in males of 15 years and older was 46.1%, whereas that in females was zero. The online media contents showed the DPRK government’s stewardship to promote population health by controlling tobacco use. Furthermore, the DPRK government has taken steps to implement the mandates of the FCTC including introduction of new laws, promotion of research, development of cessation aids, as well as public health campaigns.

The Development of Early Chinese Communist Health Policy: Health Care in the Border Region, 1936–1949

1979 ◽  
Vol 07 (04) ◽  
pp. 299-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Minden
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Policy ◽  
Public Health Education ◽  
Border Region ◽  
Health Campaigns ◽  
Political Policy ◽  
The People ◽  
The Government ◽  
Public Health Campaigns

This paper examines the health care policy and program of the Chinese Communists in their earliest stages of development. An assessment of 1) political policy, 2) public health campaigns, 3) medical services, 4) public health education, and 5) medical education, indicates that the role of the health delivery scheme was primarily to mobilize mass support for the government, and to change popular health behavior, thereby improving the health of the people and lessening demand on scarce medical facilities. An analysis of the Border Region's health program from 1936 to 1949 gives us an insight into the strategy of a revolutionary government to win popular support and to effect social change.

scholarly journals Integrating Social Dynamics Into Modeling Cigarette and E-Cigarette Use

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kar-Hai Chu ◽  
Ariel Shensa ◽  
Jason B. Colditz ◽  
Jaime E. Sidani ◽  
Beth L. Hoffman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Real World ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Social Contagion ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Health Campaigns ◽  
Public Health Campaigns

Background. The use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarette) offers potential to facilitate cigarette smoking cessation, yet potentially increases risk of cigarette smoking initiation. This relationship has been primarily modeled in mathematical ways that often do not represent real-world complexities, which could inform decisions regarding local prevention programs or policies. Aims. To develop a model of cigarette and e-cigarette use that combines current research on tobacco use and incorporates real-world geographic and demographic data. Method. We used a platform for developing agent-based models with demographic information representative of the population in Pennsylvania. We developed three models of cigarette and e-cigarette use. The primary outcome for each was the total number of users for cigarette, e-cigarette, and total nicotine. The first model applied current cigarette and e-cigarette data, the second tested the effect of implementing a program of e-cigarette education and policies, and the third considered a social contagion factor, where local schools functioned as a transmission vector. Results. The baseline and social contagion models found an overall decline in cigarette use but an increase in e-cigarette and total nicotine use. The education/policies model had declines in all categories. Sensitivity analysis suggested the importance of nuanced e-cigarette/cigarette interactions when modeling tobacco use. Discussion. Public health campaigns that focus on reducing youth e-cigarette usage can have a large effect. Social contagion should be strongly considered when studying e-cigarette spread. Conclusion. Targeted public health campaigns focused on reducing school prevalence of e-cigarette use may be particularly valuable.

scholarly journals A multidisciplinary approach to health campaign effectiveness

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica M. Rath ◽  
Marisa Greenberg ◽  
Ollie Ganz ◽  
Lindsay Pitzer ◽  
Elizabeth Hair ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Audience Response ◽  
Health Campaigns ◽  
Health Campaign ◽  
Prevention Campaign ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Public Health Campaigns ◽  
Use Behavior

Campaign costs are rising, making ad execution testing more critical to determine effectiveness prior to media spending. Premarket testing occurs prior to messages’ airing while in-market testing examines message attributes when messages are aired within a real-world setting, where context plays an important role in determining audience response. These types of ad testing provide critical feedback to help develop and deploy campaigns. Due to recent changes in media delivery platforms and audience tobacco use behavior, this study analyzes two nationally representative youth samples, aged 15-21, to examine if pre-market ad testing is an indicator of in-market ad performance for public health campaigns, which rely on persuasive messages to promote or reduce health behaviors rather than selling a product. Using data from the truth® campaign, a national tobacco use prevention campaign targeted to youth and young adults, findings indicate strong associations between pre-market scores and in-market ad performance metrics.

scholarly journals Trustworthiness of Doctors from Public Health Campaigns

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Koed Madsen
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Message Content ◽  
Health Campaigns ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analyses ◽  
Ethical Stance ◽  
Public Health Campaigns ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
The Impact

Previous research concerning the effectiveness of public health campaigns have explored the impact of message design, message content, communication channel choice and other aspects of such campaigns. Meta analyses reported in the literature reveal, however, that the choice of endorsers in health campaigns remains unexplored. The present study addresses this gap in the literature by studying what makes doctors from public health campaigns appear trustworthy in the eyes of the receiver. The present research examines propensity for trust as well facets of trustworthiness of such expert doctors based on a survey carried out in the UK (155 respondents). Underlying factors of trustworthiness are explored to gain more insight into the understanding of how trust may affect the public’s belief updating and the formation of intentions. Exploratory factor analyses suggest four dimensions of trustworthiness. Multiple regression analyses demonstrate that these factors explain almost 70% of the variance in the participants’ expressed trust in doctors from public health campaigns. Doctors’ ethical stance and their care for the health of the general population appear to be more important for perceived trustworthiness than their actual professional background, although their abilities and competences are closely related to ethics and benevolence. For policy makers this has important implications when selecting endorsers for public health campaigns in order to design effective health related communication, for example to combat obesity.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document