Rodent-avoidance, topography and forest structure shape territory selection of a forest bird

Seasonal habitat selection by the reintroduced Burwash elk population, approximately 30 km south of Sudbury, Ontario, has been analysed in order to assist in the development of future management. Twenty-five adult females were radio-collared and tracked 1–3 times a week for 3 years. The most prominent patterns included selection of intolerant hardwood forests (trembling aspen, white birch, and balsam poplar) during all seasons, while Great Lakes-St. Lawrence pines (white and red pine dominated stands) were used less than expected based on availability for all seasons. The selection patterns are likely associated with seasonal climatic conditions and forage preferences. Because the selection behaviours displayed here varied greatly from other elk habitat studies, it is suggested that managers consider the importance of population-specific habitat studies before developing related strategies.

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The Impact of Forest Management Restrictions on Aspen Harvest Levels and Forest Structure in Itasca County, Minnesota

Northern Journal of Applied Forestry ◽

10.1093/njaf/16.4.177 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 177-184

Author(s):

Joan M. Nichols ◽

Dietmar W. Rose ◽

Syed A. Husain

Keyword(s):

Forest Structure ◽

Management Policy ◽

Forest Composition ◽

Timber Supply ◽

Trade Offs ◽

Long Run ◽

Spatial Attributes ◽

Management Policies ◽

The Impact ◽

Selection Of

Abstract Potential management policies of the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources (MDNR) designed to enhance nontimber values were examined to estimate their impact on permissible harvest levels, forest composition and spatial attributes of aspen in Itasca County, Minnesota. An allowable cut equal to the Long Run Sustained Yield (LRSY) was estimated and used as the target harvest level for each management policy. Results were analyzed in a number of ways including Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The study illustrates that the selection of specific management policies can have significant impacts on timber supply as well as forest structures. Therefore, any suggested policy should always be reviewed for its potential impacts and associated trade-offs before implementation. North. J. Appl. For. 16(4):177-184.

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LiDAR Remote Sensing of Forest Structure and GPS Telemetry Data Provide Insights on Winter Habitat Selection of European Roe Deer

Forests ◽

10.3390/f5061374 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 5 (6) ◽

pp. 1374-1390 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Michael Ewald ◽

Claudia Dupke ◽

Marco Heurich ◽

Jörg Müller ◽

Björn Reineking

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

Habitat Selection ◽

Forest Structure ◽

Roe Deer ◽

Telemetry Data ◽

Gps Telemetry ◽

Winter Habitat ◽

Selection Of

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Allowable Cut Effect and Fire-Damage Appraisal

Western Journal of Applied Forestry ◽

10.1093/wjaf/1.4.100 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 1 (4) ◽

pp. 100-103 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Claire A. Montgomery ◽

J. Douglas Brodie ◽

David A. Cleaves

Keyword(s):

Forest Structure ◽

Forest Planning ◽

Fire Damage ◽

Harvest Scheduling ◽

Net Worth ◽

Alternative Schedule ◽

Protection And Control ◽

And Control ◽

Forest Fire Protection ◽

Selection Of

Abstract Analysis of investment in forest fire protection and control first requires appraisal of potential loss. Traditional analysis computes the present net worth of harvest and other benefits lost on a stand-by-stand basis. It assumes harvest scheduling without constraints. Forest planning, on the other hand, requires constraints on harvest scheduling and selection of a preferred alternative schedule. The interaction of timber inventory, age-class distribution, and harvest-scheduling constraints leads to a different allowable cut effect in each combination of forest structure and constraints. Examples of this interaction are provided: the basis of comparison is the present net worth of damage at the stand level when harvest scheduling is unconstrained. West. J. Appl. For. 1:100-103, Oct. 1986.

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The Effect of Pine Forest Structure on Bird-Mobbing Behavior: From Individual Response to Community Composition

Forests ◽

10.3390/f10090762 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 762 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Uzi Dagan ◽

Ido Izhaki

Keyword(s):

Forest Structure ◽

Forest Type ◽

Eastern Mediterranean Region ◽

Bird Species ◽

Pine Forest ◽

Understory Vegetation ◽

Individual Response ◽

Resident Species ◽

Forest Bird ◽

Coal Tit

Pine-forest bird communities are affected by the forest structure and the density and composition of its understory vegetation. In this study, we focused on the combined effects of vegetation structure and caller identity on the mobbing behavior of birds in breeding and non-breeding seasons. We examined the effect of the understory structure and the density of three types of conifer forest habitats on bird behavior by broadcasting three different types of mobbing calls: Those of two all-year resident species in the state Israel (Sardinian warbler Sylvia melanocephala Gmelin and great tit Parus major L.) and one European species (coal tit Periparus ater L.), which is absent from these habitats. The mobbing call attracted 689 birds of 17 species, which represented 31% to 95% of the forest bird species that we detected in point counts at the same study plots. Bird reactions to mobbing calls were affected by the status and season, depending on forest type. Our results show that responses were stronger in forests with developed understory in comparison to forests with no understory, especially in winter. The highest number of responders and highest species richness of responders were observed in winter. P. major calls generated more interspecific than intraspecific responses, whereas S. melanocephala calls generated equal levels of inter- and intraspecific reactions. Both species generated different response patterns across the three forest habitat types. The response level of responders is higher when the mobbing calls are issued by local species rather than the P. ater. In winter, the response of non-resident species was higher than of resident species. Based on these results, we encourage the managers to maintain well-established understory vegetation, with special attention to the shrubs layer, to promote species diversity and rich behavioral responses of birds in the conifer forests in the eastern Mediterranean region.

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Cognitive gadgets and cognitive priors

Behavioral and Brain Sciences ◽

10.1017/s0140525x19000992 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 42 ◽

Author(s):

Gian Domenico Iannetti ◽

Giorgio Vallortigara

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Neuroscience ◽

Selection Of

Abstract Some of the foundations of Heyes’ radical reasoning seem to be based on a fractional selection of available evidence. Using an ethological perspective, we argue against Heyes’ rapid dismissal of innate cognitive instincts. Heyes’ use of fMRI studies of literacy to claim that culture assembles pieces of mental technology seems an example of incorrect reverse inferences and overlap theories pervasive in cognitive neuroscience.

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Note on Selection of Coordinate Systems for Geodynamics

International Astronomical Union Colloquium ◽

10.1017/s0252921100051174 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 26 ◽

pp. 395-407

Author(s):

S. Henriksen

Keyword(s):

Sea Level ◽

The Other ◽

Coordinate Systems ◽

Mean Sea Level ◽

The Earth ◽

The One ◽

Static Systems ◽

Selection Of

The first question to be answered, in seeking coordinate systems for geodynamics, is: what is geodynamics? The answer is, of course, that geodynamics is that part of geophysics which is concerned with movements of the Earth, as opposed to geostatics which is the physics of the stationary Earth. But as far as we know, there is no stationary Earth – epur sic monere. So geodynamics is actually coextensive with geophysics, and coordinate systems suitable for the one should be suitable for the other. At the present time, there are not many coordinate systems, if any, that can be identified with a static Earth. Certainly the only coordinate of aeronomic (atmospheric) interest is the height, and this is usually either as geodynamic height or as pressure. In oceanology, the most important coordinate is depth, and this, like heights in the atmosphere, is expressed as metric depth from mean sea level, as geodynamic depth, or as pressure. Only for the earth do we find “static” systems in use, ana even here there is real question as to whether the systems are dynamic or static. So it would seem that our answer to the question, of what kind, of coordinate systems are we seeking, must be that we are looking for the same systems as are used in geophysics, and these systems are dynamic in nature already – that is, their definition involvestime.

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Measurements of the Cape Astrometric Survey of the Southern Hemisphere

International Astronomical Union Colloquium ◽

10.1017/s0252921100074534 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 48 ◽

pp. 515-521

Author(s):

W. Nicholson

Keyword(s):

Southern Hemisphere ◽

Automatic Measuring ◽

Measuring Machine ◽

Final Selection ◽

Selection Of

SummaryA routine has been developed for the processing of the 5820 plates of the survey. The plates are measured on the automatic measuring machine, GALAXY, and the measures are subsequently processed by computer, to edit and then refer them to the SAO catalogue. A start has been made on measuring the plates, but the final selection of stars to be made is still a matter for discussion.

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Application of Improved Voltage Compensation in the SEM to Imaging of Organic Materials

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100072666 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 31 ◽

pp. 444-445

Author(s):

P.J. Killingworth ◽

M. Warren

Keyword(s):

Electron Beam ◽

Organic Materials ◽

Operating Parameters ◽

Low Density ◽

Beam Diameter ◽

Incident Electron Beam ◽

Specimen Material ◽

Voltage Compensation ◽

Selection Of ◽

Scanning Electron

Ultimate resolution in the scanning electron microscope is determined not only by the diameter of the incident electron beam, but by interaction of that beam with the specimen material. Generally, while minimum beam diameter diminishes with increasing voltage, due to the reduced effect of aberration component and magnetic interference, the excited volume within the sample increases with electron energy. Thus, for any given material and imaging signal, there is an optimum volt age to achieve best resolution.In the case of organic materials, which are in general of low density and electric ally non-conducting; and may in addition be susceptible to radiation and heat damage, the selection of correct operating parameters is extremely critical and is achiev ed by interative adjustment.

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Selection and Preparation of Specific Tissue Regions For Tem Using Large Epoxy-Embedded Blocks

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s042482010007206x ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 31 ◽

pp. 324-325 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

P. M. Lowrie ◽

W. S. Tyler

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Anatomical Structures ◽

Ultrastructural Studies ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Microscopic Evaluation ◽

Embedded Blocks ◽

Specific Tissue ◽

Definition Of ◽

Areas Of Interest ◽

Selection Of

The importance of examining stained 1 to 2μ plastic sections by light microscopy has long been recognized, both for increased definition of many histologic features and for selection of specimen samples to be used in ultrastructural studies. Selection of specimens with specific orien ation relative to anatomical structures becomes of critical importance in ultrastructural investigations of organs such as the lung. The uantity of blocks necessary to locate special areas of interest by random sampling is large, however, and the method is lacking in precision. Several methods have been described for selection of specific areas for electron microscopy using light microscopic evaluation of paraffin, epoxy-infiltrated, or epoxy-embedded large blocks from which thick sections were cut. Selected areas from these thick sections were subsequently removed and re-embedded or attached to blank precasted blocks and resectioned for transmission electron microscopy (TEM).

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