Idiomatic Expressions in J.K. Rowling’s Harry Potter and The Prisoner of Azkaban

The paper argues that the quality of idiom translations depends on the appropriate strategy used while translating them because idiomatic expressions cannot be translated from their words. This study was carried out to describe the meaning of the idiomatic expression and the application of Chesterman's strategies in translating idioms and identify the speech acts of the utterances conveyed by the speaker in the data. This research used a descriptive qualitative method. The data were gathered from J.K. Rowling’s Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban. The study also used their Indonesian version to find out the translation of the idiomatic expressions. One hundred five quotes were taken from the novels. As a result, Unit Shift appears more frequently in the novel as a syntactic strategy followed by Scheme Change. Furthermore, in terms of semantic approach, distribution Change is the most common strategy that emerges from the novels, followed by Trope Change. The Assertive Act is the most dominant act delivered by the speaker behind the utterances in speech acts.

FlowHaptics: MidairHaptic Representation of Liquid Flow

Water is an essential substance for humans in their daily lives. There are many opportunities for us to come in contact with water, such as cooking, bathing, and swimming. However, few studies have reproduced the sensation of water touching the skin. This study aims to propose a novel midair haptic device, named FlowHaptics, that reproduces the feeling of the force of flowing water over human fingers using multiple air jets. We first estimated the temporal pressure distribution change of water in two-dimensional space using machine-learning-accelerated fluid simulation. We controlled the airflow based on the pressure distribution change obtained from the fluid simulation to reproduce the feeling of flowing water over the fingers using our proposed device, which can control multiple air jets in real time. We performed a psycho-physical evaluation of different flow velocities and a subjective evaluation of different velocity profiles. We found that FlowHaptics reliably created the illusion of the pressure distribution of flowing water on the fingers where the flow velocity could be distinguished within the range of 8.42% to 13.05%, and our estimated flow velocity profile with the configuration of three air jets felt more similar to flowing water when compared to a constant velocity profile according to the users.

Non-breeding waterbirds benefit from protected areas when adjusting their distribution to climate warming

Climate warming is driving changes in species distributions, although many species show a so-called climatic debt, where their range shifts lag behind the fast shift in temperature isoclines. Protected areas (PAs) may impact the rate of distribution changes both positively and negatively. At the cold edges of species distributions, PAs can facilitate species distribution changes by increasing the colonization required for distribution change. At the warm edges, PAs can mitigate the loss of species, by reducing the local extinction of vulnerable species. To assess the importance of PAs to affect species distribution change, we evaluated the changes in a non-breeding waterbird community as a response to temperature increase and PA status, using changes of species occurrence in the Western-Palearctic over 25 years (97 species, 7,071 sites, 39 countries, 1993– 2017). We used a community temperature index (CTI) framework based on species thermal affinities to investigate the species turn-over induced by temperature increase. In addition, we measured whether the thermal community adjustment was led by cold-dwelling species extinction and/or warm-dwelling species colonization, by modelling the change in standard deviation of the CTI (CTIsd). Using linear mixed-effects models, we investigated whether communities within PAs had lower climatic debt and different patterns of community change regarding the local PA surface. Thanks to the combined use of the CTI and CTIsd, we found that communities inside PAs had more species, higher colonization, lower extinction and the climatic debt was 16% lower than outside PAs. The results suggest the importance of PAs to facilitate warm-dwelling species colonization and attenuate cold-dwelling species extinction. The community adjustment was however not sufficiently fast to keep pace with the strong temperature increase in central and northeastern Western-Palearctic regions. Our study underlines the potential of the combined CTI and CTIsd metrics to understand the colonization-extinction patterns driven by climate warming.

Quantum mechanical modelling of phosphorus qubits in silicene under constrained magnetization

The dependent behaviour of a pair of phosphorus atoms in silicene was shown by a DFT calculation with constrained magnetization. The total energy and charge distribution change with the rotation of the local magnetic moment of the P atoms.