scholarly journals Circulating microRNAs correlate to clinical parameters in individuals with allergic and non-allergic asthma

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Weidner ◽  
Linda Ekerljung ◽  
Carina Malmhäll ◽  
Nicolae Miron ◽  
Madeleine Rådinger
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Personalized Medicine ◽  
Allergic Asthma ◽  
Mirna Expression ◽  
Mirna Gene ◽  
Blood Eosinophil ◽  
Clinical Parameters ◽  
Inhaled Corticosteroid ◽  
Circulating Micrornas ◽  
Circulating Mirna

Abstract Background Asthma is a chronic airway disease affecting millions of people. Better methods to define asthma subgroups using clinical parameters and molecular biomarkers are crucial in the development of personalized medicine. Objective The aim of this study was to determine if circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) may be used to distinguish well–defined asthma groups. Methods Blood serum from 116 well-defined subjects, including healthy controls and individuals with allergic or non-allergic asthma, from the West Sweden Asthma Study were included. Serum was analyzed for circulating miRNA expression of miR-126, − 145, −146a, − 155, − 223, and -374a and eosinophil cationic protein (ECP). Correlations between clinical characteristics and circulating miRNA expression as well as potential miRNA gene targets were investigated. Results A subset of miRNAs were differentially expressed between allergic and non-allergic asthmatic individuals. Alterations in expression of miR-155, −146a, −374a and − 145 were observed in allergic asthmatics in response to inhaled corticosteroid usage. Additionally, miR-223 and miR-374a expression varied in non-allergic asthmatics based on blood eosinophil numbers. Numerous clinical parameters, including lung function measurements, correlated with subsets of miRNAs. Finally, pathway analysis revealed a potential role for inhaled corticosteroid induced miRNAs in leukocyte regulation, IL-6 signaling and glucocorticoid response. Conclusion Circulating miRNA expression was altered in subjects with allergic and non-allergic asthma and correlated to clinical parameters including lung function and potential gene targets involved in immune processes. This combination of clinical and molecular data may be a basis for the further, more precise classification of asthma subgroups. Taken together, these findings would further asthma research and benefit future patients through the discovery of molecular mechanisms as well as identifying asthma subgroups contributing to the development of personalized medicine.

103 CIRCULATING microRNAs FOR EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF BOVINE PREGNANCY

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 144
Author(s):  
J. Ioannidis ◽  
C. Ashworth ◽  
R. Raue ◽  
X. Donadeu
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Deep Sequencing ◽  
Mirna Expression ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Circulating Micrornas ◽  
Circulating Mirna ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Bovine Plasma ◽  
Mirna Sequencing ◽  
Pooled Samples

Early diagnosis of pregnancy can shorten calving intervals, improve annual milk production and increase overall profits from modern dairy herds. At present, accurate diagnosis is only possible after the third week of pregnancy. Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have been proposed as diagnostic biomarkers for numerous human conditions such as cancer and diabetes. Moreover, distinct circulating miRNA profiles have been associated with different stages of human pregnancy. The objective of this study was to determine whether differential miRNA profiles occur in circulation during early pregnancy (Day 24 or earlier) in cattle that could be used for diagnostic purposes. Holstein-cross heifers were oestrous-synchronised and artificially inseminated (AI, n = 11) or sham-inseminated (control, n = 8) at first detected oestrus. Plasma samples were collected on Days 0, 8, 16 and 24 after insemination. Circulating miRNA levels were independently determined in pooled plasma samples (n = 3 pools for each of pregnant Day 24 and nonpregnant Days 0, 8, and 16) using Qiagen qPCR arrays (Qiagen, Valencia, CA, USA) and in individual samples (n = 11 samples for each pregnant Days 16 and 24, and 8 samples for each of nonpregnant Days 0, 8, and 16, respectively) using Illumina miRNA sequencing. The qPCR array data were analysed using the ΔΔCq method. The miRNA sequencing data were normalised using EdgeR. Differential expression between pregnant and nonpregnant groups was determined using 2-sample t-tests with false discovery rate (FDR) adjustment. Differences in miRNA expression were validated by RT-qPCR. Out of a total of 191 miRNAs analysed in pooled samples using qPCR arrays, 8 were differentially expressed (<3-fold, FDR <0.1) in Day 24 pregnant heifers relative to nonpregnant heifers (Days 0, 8, and 16 combined). No miRNAs were differentially expressed (FDR >0.1) between nonpregnant time-points. Changes in levels of 11 miRNAs were validated by RT-qPCR in individual plasma samples; although expression trends for these miRNAs were the same as in pooled samples, none of the changes in individual samples were significant after FDR adjustment (P > 0.1). Deep sequencing (96 million miRNA reads) identified 231 miRNAs in bovine plasma. There were no significant differences (FDR >0.1) in the expression of any miRNAs between pregnant heifers (Days 16 or 24) and nonpregnant (Days 0, 8, and 16 individually or combined). In addition, no significant differences were identified among nonpregnant time-points. In summary, we successfully performed miRNA profiling of bovine plasma using both deep sequencing and qPCR; however, we did not detect differences in miRNA expression between early pregnant (Day 16 or 24) and nonpregnant heifers. Changes in circulating miRNA levels may involve low abundance miRNAs that cannot be accurately quantified using current technology. Alternatively, changes in circulating miRNA levels may only occur later during pregnancy in cattle.

scholarly journals Predictors of a Minimal Clinically Important Difference Following Omalizumab Treatment in Adult Patients With Severe Allergic Asthma

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei-Chang Huang ◽  
Pin-Kuei Fu ◽  
Ming-Cheng Chan ◽  
Chun-Shih Chin ◽  
Wen-Nan Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Allergic Asthma ◽  
Asthma Control ◽  
Minimal Clinically Important Difference ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Blood Eosinophil ◽  
Asthma Control Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Clinically Important Difference ◽  
Severe Allergic Asthma

Several factors have been found to be predictors of a good response following omalizumab treatment in patients with severe allergic asthma (SAA). However, it remains unclear whether clinical characteristics can predict a minimal clinically important difference (MCID) following omalizumab treatment in this population. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the features associated with an MCID following omalizumab treatment in adult patients with SAA. Of the 124 participants enrolled in this retrospective, cross-sectional study, 94, 103, 20 and 53 achieved the MCID following treatment with omalizumab and were considered to be responders of exacerbation reduction (no exacerbation during the 1-year follow-up period or ≧50% reduction in exacerbations from baseline), oral corticosteroid (OCS) sparing (no use of OCS to control asthma during the study period or a reduction of the monthly OCS maintenance dose to &lt;50% of baseline), lung function (an increase of ≧230 ml in the forced expiratory volume in 1 s from baseline) and asthma control (an increase of ≧3 points in the asthma control test score from baseline), respectively. Normal weight [&lt;25 vs. ≧30 kg/m2, odds ratio (OR) = 3.86, p = 0.024] was predictive of a responder of reduction in exacerbations following omalizumab treatment while subjects with a blood eosinophil level of &lt;300 cells/μL (&lt;300 vs. ≧300 cells/μL, OR = 5.81, p = 0.001) were more likely to exhibit an MCID in OCS sparing. No factor was found to be a predictor of lung function or asthma control. When choosing treatment for adult patients with SAA, our findings may help to select those who may benefit the most from omalizumab treatment.

scholarly journals Integrated miRNA/cytokine/chemokine profiling reveals immunopathological step changes associated with COVID-19 severity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie C. WIlson ◽  
David Kealy ◽  
Sally R. James ◽  
Katherine Newling ◽  
Christopher Jagger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Partial Least Squares Regression ◽  
Clinical Parameters ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Circulating Micrornas ◽  
Circulating Mirna ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Insight Into

Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) are exceptional mechanism-based correlates of disease, yet their potential remains largely untapped in COVID-19. Here, we determined circulating miRNA and cytokine and chemokine (CC) profiles in 171 blood plasma samples from 58 hospitalised COVID-19 patients. Thirty-two miRNAs were differentially expressed in severe cases when compared to moderate and mild cases. These miRNAs and their predicted targets reflected key COVID-19 features including cell death and hypoxia. Compared to mild cases, moderate and severe cases were characterised by a global decrease in circulating miRNA levels. Partial least squares regression using miRNA and CC measurements allowed for discrimination of severe cases with greater accuracy (87%) than using miRNA or CC levels alone. Correlation analysis revealed severity group-specific associations between CC and miRNA levels. Importantly, the miRNAs that correlated with IL6 and CXCL10, two cardinal COVID-19-associated cytokines, were distinct between severity groups, providing a novel qualitative way to stratify patients with similar levels of proinflammatory cytokines but different disease severity. Integration of miRNA and CC levels with clinical parameters revealed severity-specific signatures associated with clinical hallmarks of COVID-19. Our study highlights the existence of severity-specific circulating CC/miRNA networks, providing insight into COVID-19 pathogenesis and a novel approach for monitoring COVID-19 progression.

scholarly journals Classification of non-acute bronchial asthma according to allergy and eosinophil characteristics: a retrospective study

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Jiang ◽  
Ruoli An ◽  
Li Cheng ◽  
Qianru Yue ◽  
Hanwei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Allergic Asthma ◽  
Asthma Management ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Sputum Cytology ◽  
Eosinophilic Asthma ◽  
Asthma Patients ◽  
Medical University

Abstract Background Investigating the endotypes of the different asthma phenotypes would help disease monitoring, prognosis determination, and improving asthma management standardization. This study aimed to classify asthma into four endotypes according to the allergic and eosinophilic characteristics and explore the phenotypes (clinical characteristics, pulmonary functions, and fractional expired nitric oxide (FeNO)) of each endotype. Methods This retrospective study included non-acute asthma patients treated at the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University (05/2016–01/2018). The patients were classified into the eosinophilic allergic, eosinophilic non-allergic, non-eosinophilic allergic, and non-eosinophilic non-allergic asthma endotypes. Serum sIgE, lung function, FeNO, and induced sputum cytology were tested and compared among groups. Results Of the 171 included patients, 22 had eosinophilic allergic asthma, 17 had eosinophilic non-allergic asthma, 66 had non-eosinophilic allergic asthma, and 66 had non-eosinophilic non-allergic asthma. Lung function measurements (FEV1%, FEF25%, FEF50%, FEF75%, and FEF25–75%) showed that airway dysfunction was worse in eosinophilic non-allergic asthma than in the other three endotypes (all P < 0.001). In allergic asthma patients, eosinophilic asthma had worse airway dysfunction than non-eosinophilic asthma (all P < 0.05). Similar results were found in non-allergic asthma (all P < 0.01). The FeNO levels in eosinophilic allergic asthma were higher than in eosinophilic non-allergic and non-eosinophilic non-allergic asthma (both P = 0.001). Conclusions FeNO can objectively reflect eosinophilic airway inflammation in asthma. Endotypic classification of asthma patients regarding the allergic and eosinophilic characteristics is conducive to the effective management of patients with asthma.

scholarly journals Determinants of lung function improvement with omalizumab in adults with allergic asthma

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 2068-2070 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola A. Hanania ◽  
Ratko Djukanovic ◽  
Liam G. Heaney ◽  
Ming Yang ◽  
Bongin Yoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Allergic Asthma

scholarly journals Enhanced Efficacy of Sublingual Immunotherapy in Childhood Allergic Asthma by Probiotics

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Anang Endaryanto ◽  
Mira Irmawati
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Asthma ◽  
Symptom Score ◽  
Eosinophil Count ◽  
Sublingual Immunotherapy ◽  
Clinical Parameters ◽  
Immunological Parameters ◽  
Total Ige ◽  
Medication Score ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
The Difference

It is expected that probiotics may act synergistically to improve the clinical efficacy of sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT). The aim of this study was to investigate the role of probiotics in enhancing efficacy of sublingual immunotherapy in childhood allergic asthma. This was a randomized single blind clinical trial conducted on 6-17 year-old asthmatic children sensitive to house dust mite allergens. Subjects were allocated to Group A receiving SLIT, Group B receiving probiotics and SLIT, Group C receiving probiotics only. Clinical parameters (FEV1 reversibility, medication score, and symptom score) and immunological parameters (total IgE, eosinophil count, IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-4, IL5, IL10, and TGF-b were evaluated in week 0 until 14. Statistical analysis revealed that the difference of clinical parameters (FEV1 reversibility, medication score, and symptom score) between groups were not significant. The difference of the immunological parameters of total IgE, IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-4, IL5, IL10, and TGF-ß were also not significant. Eosinophil count decreased in subjects who received combination SLIT with probiotics. In conclusion, probiotics enhanced the efficacy of sublingual immunotherapy in childhood allergic asthma by decreasing the eosinophil count.

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