scholarly journals The use of dried tube specimens of Plasmodium falciparum in an external quality assessment programme to evaluate health worker performance for malaria rapid diagnostic testing in healthcare centres in Togo

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ameyo M. Dorkenoo ◽  
Kafui Codjo Kouassi ◽  
Adjane K. Koura ◽  
Martin L. Adams ◽  
Komivi Gbada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Quality Management ◽  
Health Worker ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Malaria Rdts ◽  
National Quality

Abstract Background The use of rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) to diagnose malaria is common in sub-Saharan African laboratories, remote primary health facilities and in the community. Currently, there is a lack of reliable methods to ascertain health worker competency to accurately use RDTs in the testing and diagnosis of malaria. Dried tube specimens (DTS) have been shown to be a consistent and useful method for quality control of malaria RDTs; however, its application in National Quality Management programmes has been limited. Methods A Plasmodium falciparum strain was grown in culture and harvested to create DTS of varying parasite density (0, 100, 200, 500 and 1000 parasites/µL). Using the dried tube specimens as quality control material, a proficiency testing (PT) programme was carried out in 80 representative health centres in Togo. Health worker competency for performing malaria RDTs was assessed using five blinded DTS samples, and the DTS were tested in the same manner as a patient sample would be tested by multiple testers per health centre. Results All the DTS with 100 parasites/µl and 50% of DTS with 200 parasites/µl were classified as non-reactive during the pre-PT quality control step. Therefore, data from these parasite densities were not analysed as part of the PT dataset. PT scores across all 80 facilities and 235 testers was 100% for 0 parasites/µl, 63% for 500 parasites/µl and 93% for 1000 parasites/µl. Overall, 59% of the 80 healthcare centres that participated in the PT programme received a score of 80% or higher on a set of 0, 500 and 1000 parasites/ µl DTS samples. Sixty percent of health workers at these centres recorded correct test results for all three samples. Conclusions The use of DTS for a malaria PT programme was the first of its kind ever conducted in Togo. The ease of use and stability of the DTS illustrates that this type of samples can be considered for the assessment of staff competency. The implementation of quality management systems, refresher training and expanded PT at remote testing facilities are essential elements to improve the quality of malaria diagnosis.

scholarly journals The use of dried tube specimens of Plasmodium falciparum in an external quality assessment programme to evaluate health worker performance for malaria rapid diagnostic testing in healthcare centres in Togo

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monique Ameyo DORKENOO ◽  
Kafui Codjo Kouassi ◽  
Adjane K. Koura ◽  
Martin L Adams ◽  
Komivi Gbada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Quality Management ◽  
Health Worker ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Malaria Rdts ◽  
National Quality

Abstract BackgroundThe use of rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) to diagnose malaria is common in sub-Saharan African laboratories, remote primary health facilities and in the community. Currently, there is a lack of reliable methods to ascertain health worker competency to accurately use RDTs in the testing and diagnosis of malaria. Dried tube specimens (DTS) have been shown to be a consistent and useful method for quality control of malaria RDTs, however, its application in National Quality Management programmes has been limited.MethodsA Plasmodium falciparum strain was grown in culture and harvested to create DTS of varying parasite density (0, 100, 200, 500 and 1,000 parasites/µL). Using the dried tube specimens as quality control material, a proficiency testing (PT) programme was carried out in 80 representative health centres in Togo. Health worker competency for performing malaria RDTs was assessed using five blinded DTS samples, and the DTS were tested in the same manner as a patient sample would be tested by multiple testers per health centre. ResultsAll the DTS with 100 parasites/µl and 50% of DTS with 200 parasites/µl were classified as non-reactive during the pre-PT quality control step. Therefore, data from these parasite densities were not analysed as part of the PT dataset. PT scores across all 80 facilities and 235 testers was 100% for 0 parasites/µl, 63% for 500 parasites/µl and 93% for 1,000 parasites/µl. Overall, 59% of the 80 healthcare centres that participated in the PT programme received a score of 80% or higher on a set of 0, 500 and 1,000 parasites/ µl DTS samples. Sixty percent of health workers at these centres recorded correct test results for all three samples.ConclusionsThe use of DTS for a malaria PT programme was the first of its kind ever conducted in Togo. The ease of use and stability of the DTS illustrates that they this type of samples can be considered for the assessment of staff competency. The implementation of quality management systems, refresher training and expanded PT at remote testing facilities are essential elements to improve the quality of malaria diagnosis.

scholarly journals The use of dried tube specimens of Plasmodium falciparum in an External Quality Assessment program to evaluate health worker performance for malaria rapid diagnostic testing in healthcare centers in Togo

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monique Ameyo DORKENOO ◽  
Kafui Codjo Kouassi ◽  
Adjane K. Koura ◽  
Martin L Adams ◽  
Komivi Gbada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Quality Management ◽  
Health Worker ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Diagnostic Testing ◽  
Malaria Diagnosis ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Malaria Rdts ◽  
National Quality

Abstract Background: The use of rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) to diagnose malaria is common in Sub-Saharan African laboratories, remote primary health facilities and in the community. Currently, there is a lack of reliable methods to ascertain health worker competency to accurately use RDTs in the testing and diagnosis of malaria. Dried tube specimens (DTS) have been shown to be a consistent and useful method for quality control of malaria RDTs, however, its application in National Quality Management programs has been limited.Methods: A P. falciparum strain was grown in culture and harvested to create DTS of varying parasite density (0, 100, 200, 500 and 1,000 parasites/µL). Using the dried tube specimens as quality control material, a proficiency testing (PT) program was carried out in 80 representative health centers in Togo. Health worker competency for performing malaria RDTs (mRDTs) was assessed using five blinded DTS samples, and the DTS were tested in the same manner as a patient sample would be tested by multiple testers per health center. Results: All the DTS with 100 parasites/µl and 50% of DTS with 200 parasites/µl were classified as non-reactive during the pre-PT quality control step. Therefore, data from these parasite densities were not analyzed as part of the PT dataset. PT scores across all 80 facilities and 235 testers was 100% for 0 parasites/µl, 63% for 500 parasites/µl and 93% for 1,000 parasites/µl. Overall, 59% of the 80 healthcare centers that participated in the PT program received a score of 80% or higher on a set of 0, 500 and 1,000 parasites/ µl DTS samples. Sixty percent of health workers at these centers recorded correct test results for all three samples. Conclusions: The use of DTS for a malaria PT program was the first of its kind ever conducted in Togo. The ease of use and stability of the DTS illustrates that they this type of samples can be considered for the assessment of staff competency. The implementation of quality management systems, refresher training and expanded PT at remote testing facilities are essential elements to improve the quality of malaria diagnosis.

scholarly journals The Use Of Dried Tube Specimens Of Plasmodium Falciparum In An External Quality Assessment Program To Evaluate Health Worker Performance For Malaria Rapid Diagnostic Testing In Healthcare Centers In Togo

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monique Ameyo Dorkenoo ◽  
Kafui Codjo Kouassi ◽  
Adjane K. Koura ◽  
Martin L Adams ◽  
Komivi Gbada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Quality Management ◽  
Health Worker ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Diagnostic Testing ◽  
Malaria Diagnosis ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Malaria Rdts ◽  
National Quality

Abstract Background: The use of rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) to diagnose malaria is common in Sub-Saharan African laboratories, remote primary health facilities and in the community. Currently, there is a lack of reliable methods to ascertain health worker competency to accurately use RDTs in the testing and diagnosis of malaria. Dried tube specimens (DTS) have been shown to be a consistent and useful method for quality control of malaria RDTs, however, its application in National Quality Management programs has been limited. Methods: A P. falciparum strain was grown in culture and harvested to create DTS of varying parasite density (0, 100, 200, 500 and 1,000 parasites/µL). Using the dried tube specimens as quality control material, a proficiency testing (PT) program was carried out in 80 health centers in Togo. Health worker competency for performing malaria RDTs (mRDTs) was assessed using five blinded DTS samples, and the DTS were tested in the same manner as a patient sample would be tested by multiple testers per health center. Results: All the DTS with 100 parasites/µl and 50% of DTS with 200 parasites/µl were classified as non-reactive during the pre-PT quality control step. Therefore, data from these parasite densities were not analyzed as part of the PT dataset. PT scores across all 80 facilities and 235 testers was 100% for 0 parasites/µl, 63% for 500 parasites/µl and 93% for 1,000 parasites/µl. Overall, 59% of the 80 healthcare centers that participated in the PT program received a score of 80% or higher on a set of 0, 500 and 1,000 parasites/ µl DTS samples. Sixty percent of health workers at these centers scored higher than 80%. Conclusions: The use of DTS for a malaria PT program was the first of its kind ever conducted in Togo. The ease of use of the DTS illustrates that they can serve as well-characterized, stable samples to assess staff competency. The implementation of quality management systems, refresher training and expanded PT at remote testing facilities are essential elements to improve the quality of malaria diagnosis.

Guideline for radioimmunotherapy of rituximab relapsed or refractory CD20+ follicular B-cell nonHodgkin´s lymphoma

2004 ◽  
Vol 43 (05) ◽  
pp. 171-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Behr ◽  
F. Grünwald ◽  
W. H. Knapp ◽  
L. Trümper ◽  
C. von Schilling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Quality Management ◽  
Medical Physics ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Background Information ◽  
After Care ◽  
Complete Treatment ◽  
Close Cooperation ◽  
Work Up

Summary:This guideline is a prerequisite for the quality management in the treatment of non-Hodgkin-lymphomas using radioimmunotherapy. It is based on an interdisciplinary consensus and contains background information and definitions as well as specified indications and detailed contraindications of treatment. Essential topics are the requirements for institutions performing the therapy. For instance, presence of an expert for medical physics, intense cooperation with all colleagues committed to treatment of lymphomas, and a certificate of instruction in radiochemical labelling and quality control are required. Furthermore, it is specified which patient data have to be available prior to performance of therapy and how the treatment has to be carried out technically. Here, quality control and documentation of labelling are of greatest importance. After treatment, clinical quality control is mandatory (work-up of therapy data and follow-up of patients). Essential elements of follow-up are specified in detail. The complete treatment inclusive after-care has to be realised in close cooperation with those colleagues (haematology-oncology) who propose, in general, radioimmunotherapy under consideration of the development of the disease.

scholarly journals Quality management systems in radiology

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 84-88
Author(s):  
Geoffrey K. Korir ◽  
Jeska S. Wambani ◽  
Ian K. Korir ◽  
Mark Tries ◽  
Beatrice M. Mulama
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Quality Management ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Reference Level ◽  
Quality Management Systems ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Dose Monitoring ◽  
X Ray Imaging ◽  
National Quality ◽  
Medical Facilities

Background: The use of X-ray imaging is ever increasing in proportion to the need for radiological services and technological capabilities. Quality management that includes patient radiation dose monitoring is fundamental to safety and quality improvement of radiological services.Objective: To assess the level of quality management systems in X-ray medical facilities in Kenya.Methods: Quality management inspection, quality control performance tests and patient radiation exposure were assessed in 54 representative X-ray medical facilities. Additionally, a survey of X-ray examination frequency was conducted in 140 hospitals across the country.Results: The overall findings placed the country’s X-ray imaging quality management systems at 61±3% out of a possible 100%. The most and the least quality assurance performance indicators were general radiography X-ray equipment quality control tests at 88±4%, and the interventional cardiology adult examinations below diagnostic reference level at 25±1%, respectively.Conclusions: The study used a systematic evidence-based approach for the assessment of national quality management systems in radiological practice in clinical application, technical conduct of the procedure, image quality criteria, and patient characteristics as part of the quality management programme.

scholarly journals Ketidakhadiran tenaga kesehatan di puskesmas: analisis data IFLS 2012 di Wilayah Indonesia Timur

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (12) ◽  
pp. 481
Author(s):  
Candra Candra ◽  
Lutfan Lazuardi ◽  
Mubasysyir Hasanbasri
Keyword(s):  
Health Center ◽  
Health Worker ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
East Kalimantan

Absenteeism among primary health center workers: an analysis of the 2012 IFLS in Eastern IndonesiaPurposeThe study aimed to determine the determinants for absence of health centre employees in urban and rural areas in the eastern Indonesian region using data IFLS East 2012.MethodsThis study was a quantitative research using secondary data analysis of Indonesian family life survey (IFLS) East 2012 with health professionals using a cross-sectional design. The population was all health workers in seven provinces in Eastern Indonesia (Nusa Tenggara Timur, East Kalimantan, South East Sulawesi, Maluku, North Maluku, Papua, West Papua). The research sample totaled 1809 health workers. Analysis used STATA version 12.ResultsThe results of bivariable analysis on the variables gender, type of health worker, tenure, health center locations showed a significant relationship with absenteeism the health center employee. The results showed from the multivariable analysis showed higher odds ratio at rural health centers versus urban locations with absenteeism of health center employee, but there was no significant difference.ConclusionThe absenteeism of health center employees is influenced by various multi-factors especially gender, types of health worker, tenure and health center locations. Increased capacity in the management by health center managers, broader authority to enforce discipline, and monitoring by the community is expected to decrease absenteeism of health center employees.

scholarly journals The inverted cup device for blood transfer on malaria RDTs: ease of use, acceptability and safety in routine use by health workers in Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Incardona ◽  
Magoma Mwancha-Kwasa ◽  
Roxanne R. Rees-Channer ◽  
Audrey Albertini ◽  
Joshua Havumaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Workers ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Malaria Rdts

scholarly journals Patient and Health worker experiences on Utilization of Community Client Led ART Delivery Model in South-Western Uganda: A Qualitative Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Mwanje Kintu ◽  
Anna Maria Ssewanyana ◽  
Tonny Kyagambiddwa ◽  
Pretty Mariam Nampijja ◽  
Patience Kevin Apio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Service Delivery ◽  
Health System ◽  
Health Worker ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Retention In Care ◽  
Hiv Care ◽  
Differentiated Service ◽  
Art Delivery

Abstract BackgroundIn an effort to accommodate the growing number of stable HIV clients, improve retention in care and reduce health care burden the differentiated service delivery (DSD) models were introduced in 2014. One such model, Community Client Led ART Delivery (CCLAD) was rolled out in Uganda in 2017. The extent of utilization of this model has not been fully studied. The aim of the study was to explore the patient and health worker experiences on the utilization of CCLAD model at Bwizibwera Health Centre IV, south western Uganda.MethodsThis was a descriptive study employing qualitative methods. The study had 68 purposively selected participants who participated in 10 Focus Group Discussions with HIV clients enrolled in CCLAD; 10 in-depth interviews with HIV clients not enrolled in CCLAD and 6 health workers. Key informant interviews were held with the 2 focal persons for DSD. The discussions and interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim and then translated. Both deductive and inductive approaches were employed to analyse the data using in NVivo software. ResultsPatient and health worker experiences in this study were categorized as drivers and barriers to the utilization of the CCLAD model. The main drivers for utilization of this model at different levels were: individual (reduced costs, living positively with HIV, improved patient self-management), community (peer support and contextual factors) and health system (reduced patient congestion at the health centre, caring health workers as well as CCLAD sensitization by health workers). However, significant barriers to the utilization of this community-based model were: individual (personal values and preferences, lack of commitment of CCLAD group members), community (stigma, gender bias) and health system (frequent drug stockouts, certain implementation challenges, fluctuating implementing partner priorities, shortage of trained health workers and insufficient health education by health workers).ConclusionBased on our findings the CCLAD model is meeting the objectives set out by Differentiated Service Delivery for HIV care and treatment. Notwithstanding the benefits, challenges remain which call on the Ministry of Health and other implementing partners to address these hindrances to facilitate the scalability, sustainability and the realisation of the full-range of benefits that the model presents.

Moving From Community-Based to Health-Centre Based Management: Impact on Urban Community Health Worker Performance in Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teralynn Ludwick ◽  
Misganu Endrias ◽  
Alison Morgan ◽  
Sumit Kane ◽  
Barbara McPake
Keyword(s):  
Community Health ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Health Worker ◽  
Community Health Worker ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Trade Offs

Abstract Community health worker (CHW) performance is influenced by the way in which management arrangements are configured vis-a-vis the community and health services. While low/middle-income contexts are changing, the literature provides few examples of country efforts to strategically modify management arrangements to support evolving CHW roles (e.g. chronic disease care) and operating environments (e.g. urbanization). This paper aims to understand the performance implications of changing from community-based to health centre-based management, on Ethiopia’s Urban Health Extension Professionals (UHEPs), and the tensions/trade-offs associated with the respective arrangements. We conducted semi-structured interviews/focus groups to gather perspectives and preferences from those involved with the transition (13 managers/administrators, 5 facility-based health workers, 20 UHEPs). Using qualitative content analysis, we deductively coded data to four program elements impacted by changed management arrangements and known to affect CHW performance (work scope; community legitimacy; supervision/oversight/ownership; facility linkages) and inductively identified tensions/trade-offs. Community-based management was associated with wider work scope, stronger ownership/regular monitoring, weak technical support, and weak health center linkages, with opposite patterns observed for health center-led management. Practical trade-offs included: heavy UHEP involvement in political/administrative activities under Kebele-based management; resistance to working with UHEPs by facility-based workers; and, health centre capacity constraints in managing UHEPs. Whereas the Ministry of Health/UHEPs favoured health centre-led management to capitalize on UHEPs’ technical skills, Kebele officials were vested in managing UHEPs and argued for community interests over UHEPs’ professional interests; health facility managers/administrators held divided opinions. Management arrangements influence the nature of CHW contributions towards the achievement of health, development, and political goals. Decisions about appropriate management arrangements should align with the nature of CHW roles and consider implementation setting, including urbanization, political decentralization, and relative capacity of managing institutions.

System errors of manufacturers of medicines detected by conducting of state control in the area of circulation of medicines

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (5) ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
Валентина Косенко ◽  
Valentina Kosenko ◽  
Алла Трапкова ◽  
Alla Trapkova ◽  
Светлана Тарасова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Quality Management ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
State Control ◽  
Quality Management Systems ◽  
Conducting State ◽  
Pharmaceutical Quality ◽  
State Quality ◽  
System Errors

The article conducts the analysis of system errors detected by Roszdravnadzor by conducting state quality control of circulating medicines, as well as weaknesses in pharmaceutical quality management systems of the manufacturers, that can influence the quality of manufactured drugs.

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