Prenatal evaluation of fetal atrioventricular valves by real-time 4D volume imaging with electronic matrix probe

Abstract Background The purpose of this study is to evaluate the feasibility using real-time four-dimensional (RT 4D) volume imaging with electronic matrix probe to observe the morphology of atrioventricular valves in normal and abnormal fetuses, measure the area and circumference of atrioventricular valves in normal fetuses and analyze the correlation with gestational age. Methods RT 4D volume imaging with electronic matrix probe was used to collect cardiac volume data of 162 normal fetuses with the gestational age from 22 to 32 weeks and 19 fetuses with atrioventricular valves abnormalities were also enrolled. All the volume data were analyzed and processed in real-time. The morphology of mitral and tricuspid valves was observed in surface mode. The area and circumference of valves were measured in a 4D render view at the end of diastole and analyzed the correlation with gestational age. Results In 148 of 162 fetuses (91%), the 4D rendered image could be successfully obtained, which clearly showed the morphology of the atrioventricular valves. The area and circumference of mitral and tricuspid valves were positively correlated with gestational age (P < 0.01). Furthermore, 4D rendered images were successfully obtained in 17 of 19 fetuses (89%) with atrioventricular valves abnormalities. Conclusions The reference range of the area and circumference of atrioventricular valves in normal fetuses at different gestational weeks could be determined by using the RT 4D volume imaging with electronic matrix probe, which can provide certain diagnostic information for the clinic. The RT 4D images could display the valves morphology vividly in both normal and abnormal fetuses, including some subtle lesions which are not identified by traditional two-dimensional (2D) echocardiography. It is feasible to use the RT 4D volume imaging with electronic matrix probe to perform the prenatal evaluation in the fetal atrioventricular valves.

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Abstract 2871: Saddle-Shaped Annuloplasty Reduces Mitral Leaflet Stress: A Real-Time 3D Echocardiographic Study

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.118.suppl_18.s_789-c ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 118 (suppl_18) ◽

Author(s):

Aaron S Blom ◽

Chun Xu ◽

Liam P Ryan ◽

Benjamin Jackson ◽

Landi M Parish ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Finite Element ◽

Real Time ◽

Stress Reduction ◽

Heart Association ◽

Posterior Leaflet ◽

Volume Data ◽

Medical Systems ◽

Annuloplasty Ring ◽

Finite Element Program ◽

Element Program

Objectives: High leaflet and chordal stresses contribute to recurrent mitral regurgitation after repair procedures. We hypothesized that a saddle-shaped annuloplasty ring would reduce leaflet stress compared to a similarly sized flat annuloplasty ring. To test this hypothesis we used a novel 3D echocardiographically-based finite element modeling (FEM) technique for quantifying regional mitral valve stress. Methods: Real-time 3D echocardiography was performed in 8 sheep before and after placement of either a 30mm flat annuloplasty (n=4) or a 30mm saddle-shaped annuloplasty. Full-volume data sets of the MV were obtained using an IE33 platform(Philips Medical Systems, Andover, Massachusetts) and exported to Cardio-View (Tomtec Imaging Systems, Munich, Germany) for image analysis. Individual leaflet data were then interpolated using Matlab (The Mathworks, Natick, Massachusetts). Triangulated leaflet surfaces were extracted and the data imported into a commercial finite element program (ABAQUS/Explicit 6.3, HKS Inc. Pawtucket, RI) to quantify regional stress distributions in all segments (P1, P2, P3 and A1, A2, A3) of the MV. Results: Peak anterior and posterior leaflet stresses after flat annuloplasty placement were 0.20±0.001MPa and 21±0.02MPa. Peak anterior and posterior leaflet stress after saddle-shaped annuloplasty placement was 0.19±0.02MPa and 13±0.01MPa (p<0.05 for the posterior leaflet stresses) Conclusions: Saddle-shaped annuloplasty design results in greater stress reduction in the posterior leaflet than standard flat annuloplasty rings and may, therefore, result in more durable repairs. This research has received full or partial funding support from the American Heart Association, AHA Great Rivers Affiliate (Delaware, Kentucky, Ohio, Pennsylvania & West Virginia).

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Treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma using the Smart Fusion needle navigation system: conversion from real-time 4D-echo data

Open Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology ◽

10.28933/ojgh-2021-02-1005 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 46

Author(s):

Keyword(s):

Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Real Time ◽

Navigation System ◽

Magnetic Resonance Images ◽

The Body ◽

Target Point ◽

Ultrasound Images ◽

Volume Data ◽

Needle Position

Advances in ultrasound systems have improved the accuracy of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) diagnosis and treatment. We have been treating HCC using real-time 4D and Live 3D-echo technologies. However, these treatment methods have drawbacks such as vibrations during puncture and a limited angle of needle insertion. To overcome these problems, systems that can display ultrasound images simultaneously with computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance images in a real-time manner for reference purposes have been reported. These systems have recently been equipped with a needle tip navigation system, making it possible to reliably visualize tumors and determine the needle tip position in a tumor. These developments have enabled the safe treatment of HCC. Treatment using needle navigation is performed as follows: A Canon APLIO800 ultrasound system is used with a conventional convex probe (PVT-375BT) and a micro-convex probe (PVT-382BT). The system function is known as Smart Fusion. Ultrasound images can be displayed with volume data from other modalities, such as CT and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), in relation to the positional information using a magnetic sensor. This enables the use of CT/MRI data as reference for accurate puncture and treatment of lesions that are difficult to identify by ultrasound alone. Axis alignment is also completed by displaying the xiphoid process on a CT image and having the system learn the orientation of the probe placed perpendicular to the body axis. Then, landmark alignment is performed and fine-adjusted by aligning a target point near the lesion with the same point as displayed on CT (Fig. 1). Case presentation A 7x-year-old woman was found to have elevated tumor markers and a liver tumor identified by regular blood testing and CT performed in August 20xx and was admitted to our hospital for treatment. Abdominal ultrasonography showed a hypoechoic lesion measuring approximately 3 cm in diameter in liver S6, which led to a diagnosis of HCC. For treatment, microwave therapy was selected at the patient’s request. Microwaves were delivered using a Medtronic Emprint ablation system with a 3.0-cm needle for ablation. During treatment, the needle position was confirmed by needle navigation before ablation (Fig. 2) because the tumor needed to be ablated in an overlapping manner (Fig. 3).

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Strategy of Statistics-Based Visualization for Segmented 3D Cardiac Volume Data Set

Advanced Intelligent Computing - Lecture Notes in Computer Science ◽

10.1007/978-3-642-24728-6_33 ◽

2011 ◽

pp. 250-256 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Changqing Gai ◽

Kuanquan Wang ◽

Lei Zhang ◽

Wangmeng Zuo

Keyword(s):

Volume Data ◽

Cardiac Volume ◽

Data Set

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Real-Time Highly Resolved Spatial-Temporal Vehicle Energy Consumption Estimation Using Machine Learning and Probe Data

Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board ◽

10.1177/03611981211039163 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 036119812110391

Author(s):

Joseph Severino ◽

Yi Hou ◽

Ambarish Nag ◽

Jacob Holden ◽

Lei Zhu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Machine Learning ◽

Energy Consumption ◽

Real Time ◽

Volume Estimation ◽

Energy Estimates ◽

Volume Data ◽

Road Transportation ◽

Energy Efficient Routing ◽

Real World Data ◽

Consumption Data

Real-time highly resolved spatial-temporal vehicle energy consumption is a key missing dimension in transportation data. Most roadway link-level vehicle energy consumption data are estimated using average annual daily traffic measures derived from the Highway Performance Monitoring System; however, this method does not reflect day-to-day energy consumption fluctuations. As transportation planners and operators are becoming more environmentally attentive, they need accurate real-time link-level vehicle energy consumption data to assess energy and emissions; to incentivize energy-efficient routing; and to estimate energy impact caused by congestion, major events, and severe weather. This paper presents a computational workflow to automate the estimation of time-resolved vehicle energy consumption for each link in a road network of interest using vehicle probe speed and count data in conjunction with machine learning methods in real time. The real-time pipeline can deliver energy estimates within a couple seconds on query to its interface. The proposed method was evaluated on the transportation network of the metropolitan area of Chattanooga, Tennessee. The volume estimation results were validated with ground truth traffic volume data collected in the field. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, the energy consumption pipeline was applied to real-world data to quantify road transportation-related energy reduction because of mitigation policies to slow the spread of COVID-19 and to measure energy loss resulting from congestion.

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Relationship between Real Time Ultrasonographic Measurement of Placental Thickness and Biparietal Diameter for Estimation of Gestational Age of Fetus

Indian Journal of Anatomy ◽

10.21088/ija.2320.0022.4315.7 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 147-150

Author(s):

Natwar Lal Agrawal ◽

Keyword(s):

Real Time ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Biparietal Diameter ◽

Placental Thickness

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Implementation and Validation of the Roche Light Cycler 480 96-Well Plate Platform as a Real-Time PCR Assay for the Quantitative Detection of Cytomegalovirus (CMV) in Clinical Specimens Using the Luminex MultiCode ASRs System

Medical Sciences ◽

10.3390/medsci8010014 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 14

Author(s):

Shengwen Calvin Li ◽

Kara J. Sparks ◽

Leonard S. Sender

Keyword(s):

Stem Cell ◽

Real Time ◽

Real Time Pcr ◽

Reference Range ◽

Measurement Range ◽

Quantitative Detection ◽

Clinical Settings ◽

Stem Cell Therapies ◽

Cell Therapies ◽

Copy Numbers

Allogenic stem-cell therapies benefit patients in the treatment of multiple diseases; however, the side effects of stem-cell therapies (SCT) derived from the concomitant use of immune suppression agents often include triggering infection diseases. Thus, analysis is required to improve the detection of pathogen infections in SCT. We develop a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based methodology for the qualitative real-time DNA detection of cytomegalovirus (CMV), with reference to herpes simplex virus types 1 (HSVI), Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), and varicella-zoster virus (VZV) in blood, urine, solid tissues, and cerebrospinal fluid. This real-time PCR of 96-well plate format provides a rapid framework as required by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for clinical settings, including the processing of specimens, reagent handling, special safety precautions, quality control criteria and analytical accuracy, precisely reportable range (analyst measurement range), reference range, limit of detection (LOD), analytical specificity established by interference study, and analyte stability. Specifically, we determined the reportable range (analyst measurement range) with the following criteria: CMV copies ≥200 copies/mL; report copy/mL value; CMV copies ≤199 copies/mL; report detected but below quantitative range; CMV copies = 0 with report <200 copies/mL. That is, with reference range, copy numbers (CN) per milliliter (mL) of the LOD were determined by standard curves that correlated Ct value and calibrated standard DNA panels. The three repeats determined that the measuring range was 1E2~1E6 copies/mL. The standard curves show the slopes were within the range −2.99 to −3.65 with R2 ≥ 0.98. High copy (HC) controls were within 0.17–0.18 log differences of DNA copy numbers; (2) low copy (LC) controls were within 0.17–0.18 log differences; (3) LOD was within 0.14–0.15 log differences. As such, we set up a fast, simple, inexpensive, sensitive, and reliable molecular approach for the qualitative detection of CMV pathogens. Conclusion: This real-time PCR of the 96-well plate format provides a rapid framework as required by the FDA for clinical settings.

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