scholarly journals Assessing the applicability of public health intervention evaluations from one setting to another: a methodological study of the usability and usefulness of assessment tools and frameworks

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Elizabeth Denise Burchett ◽  
Laurence Blanchard ◽  
Dylan Kneale ◽  
James Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Public Health Intervention ◽  
Health Intervention ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Methodological Study ◽  
Intervention Evaluations

scholarly journals An example of involving lay people to enhance complex public health intervention evaluations

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
K Southby ◽  
S Rushworth ◽  
J South ◽  
S Coan ◽  
J Woodward ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Public Health Intervention ◽  
Community Based Participatory Research ◽  
Health Intervention ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Public Health Interventions ◽  
Research Methodologies ◽  
Intervention Evaluations

Abstract Background Despite growing interest in understanding complex systems and public health interventions, research methodologies that take account of system-wide action are relatively underdeveloped. Community-based participatory research (CBPR) is steered and conducted by people with lived experience of the issues being researched. This paper explores the value of CBPR in complex public health intervention evaluations. The 'Local People' and 'Local Conversations' programmes use a community empowerment approach in 50 communities across the UK experiencing social disadvantage to increase social connections and collective control, improve health and wellbeing, and reduce inequalities (linked to SDG 3 and 11). Methods Evaluation of the programmes followed a mixed-methods design, including qualitative case studies, longitudinal survey, process appraisal, and CBPR. Residents from 10 communities across the programmes each undertook 2 rounds of CBPR. These projects resulted in written reports, which were analysed thematically alongside other data sources. Results There was some variation in the scope and design of the 20 completed CBPR projects. Whilst projects did not generally extend beyond the scope of the overall evaluation, peer research provided information from residents that were inaccessible to other data collection streams. Gathering community (lay) knowledge improved understanding of local priorities and actions within the programmes. However, the utility of CBPR was less consistent for community-researchers and local communities, often failing to support project development. Some community-researchers felt unprepared for the activity despite support from the academic team. Conclusions Conducted appropriately, CBPR can elicit data that would be less accessible through externally led research. This study highlights the value of CBPR in complex programme evaluations, enabling a deeper understanding of social context in which interventions occur. Key messages CBPR complements more traditional research methodologies in complex public health evaluation designs. CBPR can enable a deeper understanding of social processes necessary for the success of complex public health interventions that might be beyond the scope of other methodologies.

The Affective Politics of Karma among Buddhist Cancer Charities in Vietnam

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 33-62
Author(s):  
Sara Swenson
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Global Existence ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Public Health Intervention ◽  
Health Intervention ◽  
Moral Failure ◽  
Cancer Rates ◽  
Charity Work

In this article, I explore how Buddhist charity workers in Vietnam interpret rising cancer rates through understandings of karma. Rather than framing cancer as a primarily physical or medical phenomenon, volunteers state that cancer is a product of collective moral failure. Corruption in public food production is both caused by and perpetuates bad karma, which negatively impacts global existence. Conversely, charity work creates merit, which can improve collective karma and benefit all living beings. I argue that through such interpretations of karma, Buddhist volunteers understand their charity at cancer hospitals as an affective and ethical form of public health intervention.

scholarly journals Comparison of the second and third waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in South Korea: Importance of early public health intervention

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 ◽  
pp. 742-745
Author(s):  
Hye Seong ◽  
Hak Jun Hyun ◽  
Jin Gu Yun ◽  
Ji Yun Noh ◽  
Hee Jin Cheong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Public Health Intervention ◽  
Health Intervention

Measuring the Efficacy of a Pilot Public Health Intervention for Engaging Communities of Puerto Rico to Rapidly Write Hurricane Protection Plans

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Mark E. Keim ◽  
Laura A. Runnels ◽  
Alexander P. Lovallo ◽  
Margarita Pagan Medina ◽  
Eduardo Roman Rosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Puerto Rico ◽  
User Satisfaction ◽  
National Guard ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Public Health Intervention ◽  
Health Intervention ◽  
Project Work ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Community Based

Abstract Objective: The efficacy is measured for a public health intervention related to community-based planning for population protection measures (PPMs; ie, shelter-in-place and evacuation). Design: This is a mixed (qualitative and quantitative) prospective study of intervention efficacy, measured in terms of usability related to effectiveness, efficiency, satisfaction, and degree of community engagement. Setting: Two municipalities in the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico are included. Participants: Community members consisting of individuals; traditional leaders; federal, territorial, and municipal emergency managers; municipal mayors; National Guard; territorial departments of education, health, housing, public works, and transportation; health care; police; Emergency Medical Services; faith-based organizations; nongovernmental organizations (NGOs); and the private sector. Intervention: The intervention included four community convenings: one for risk communication; two for plan-writing; and one tabletop exercise (TTX). This study analyzed data collected from the project work plan; participant rosters; participant surveys; workshop outputs; and focus group interviews. Main Outcome Measures: Efficacy was measured in terms of ISO 9241-11, an international standard for usability that includes effectiveness, efficiency, user satisfaction, and “freedom from risk” among users. Degree of engagement was considered an indicator of “freedom from risk,” measurable through workshop attendance. Results: Two separate communities drafted and exercised ~60-page-long population protection plans, each within 14.5 hours. Plan-writing workshops completed 100% of plan objectives and activities. Efficiency rates were nearly the same in both communities. Interviews and surveys indicated high degrees of community satisfaction. Engagement was consistent among community members and variable among governmental officials. Conclusions: Frontline communities have successfully demonstrated the ability to understand the environmental health hazards in their own community; rapidly write consensus-based plans for PPMs; participate in an objective-based TTX; and perform these activities in a bi-lingual setting. This intervention appears to be efficacious for public use in the rapid development of community-based PPMs.

Making the narrative walk-in-real-time methodology relevant for public health intervention: Towards an integrative approach

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 1166-1173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvie Miaux ◽  
Louis Drouin ◽  
Patrick Morency ◽  
Sophie Paquin ◽  
Lise Gauvin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Public Health Intervention ◽  
Health Intervention ◽  
Integrative Approach

Insomnia, Medicalization, and Expert Knowledge

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenton Kroker
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Public Health Intervention ◽  
Sleep Medicine ◽  
Health Intervention ◽  
Human Condition ◽  
Boundary Object ◽  
Medical Expertise ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Public Health Authorities

Historians have clearly articulated the ways in which sleeplessness has long been part of the human condition. As an object of medical expertise and public health intervention, however, insomnia is a much more recent invention, having gained its status as a pathology during the 1870s. But while insomnia has attracted considerable and concerted attention from public health authorities allied with sleep medicine specialists, this phenomenon is not well explained by classical medicalization theory, in part because it is the sleepless sufferers, not the medical experts, who typically have the authority to diagnose insomnia. The dynamics of insomnia’s history are better described as those of a boundary object, around which concepts and practices of biomedicine and psychology coalesce to frame contemporary notions of self-medicalization and self-experiment.

Understanding vaccine hesitancy: the evidence

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 282-287
Author(s):  
Alison While
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Herd Immunity ◽  
Public Health Intervention ◽  
Health Intervention ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Important Public Health ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
The Uk

Vaccine hesitancy is a concern both globally and within the UK. Alison While reviews the evidence relating to vaccine hesitancy, its underlying factors and the sociodemographic variations Vaccination is an important public health intervention, but its effectiveness depends upon the uptake of vaccination reaching sufficient levels to yield ‘herd’ immunity. While the majority of the UK hold positive attitudes about vaccination, some people, including health professionals, decline vaccinations. This article reviews the evidence relating to vaccine hesitancy, its underlying factors and the sociodemographic variations.

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