scholarly journals Tocilizumab in HIV patient with severe COVID-19: case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Vieira Bertozzi ◽  
Amanda de Oliveira Vicente ◽  
Amanda Siqueira Pereira ◽  
Joao Pedro Espinha de Sant’Ana ◽  
Rafaela Braga Cabrera Mano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Severe Condition ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Regular Treatment ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background A 73-year-old male patient who had a history of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection for over 20 years was diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Case presentation The patient was admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), where he remained for 25 days, due to a severe condition. Intubation, hemodialysis, and tracheostomy were necessary to maintain homeostasis. In addition to regular treatment with etravirine, dolutegravir, darunavir, and ritonavir for highly active antiretroviral therapy, the patient received tocilizumab, which showed a great recovery in the patient’s condition. Conclusion The patient had several risk factors, such as male gender, age  >  70 years, and arterial hypertension. The use of tocilizumab was of great importance in the patient’s recovery since the drug increased his immune response, which is deficient, due to HIV infection.

scholarly journals Covid-19 and HIV: not always an unfavorable combination

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Vieira Bertozzi ◽  
Amanda de Oliveira Vicente ◽  
Amanda Siqueira Pereira ◽  
João Pedro Espinha de Sant'Ana ◽  
Rafaela Braga Cabrera Mano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Severe Condition ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Regular Treatment ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background: A 73-years-old-man patient who had a history of Human Immunodefiency Virus (HIV) infection for over 20 years was diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection.Case presentation: The patient was admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), where he remained for 25 days, due to a severe condition. Intubation, hemodialysis and tracheostomy were necessary to maintain homeostasis. In addition to regular treatment with etravirine, dolutegravir, darunavir and ritonavir for highly active antiretroviral therapy, the patient received To-cilizumab, which showed a great recovery in the patient's condition.Conclusion : The patient had several risk factors, such as: male gender, age> 70 years and hypertension. The use of To-cilizumab was of great importance in the patient's recovery, since the drug increased his immune response, which is deficient, due to HIV infection.

scholarly journals Covid-19 and HIV: Not Always an Unfavorable Combination

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Vieira Bertozzi ◽  
Amanda de Oliveira Vicente ◽  
Amanda Siqueira Pereira ◽  
João Pedro Espinha de Sant'Ana ◽  
Rafaela Braga Cabrera Mano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Severe Condition ◽  
Regular Treatment ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
History Of

Abstract BackgroundA 73-years-old-man patient who had a history of Human Immunodefiency Virus (HIV) infection for over 20 years was diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection.Case presentationThe patient was admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), where he remained for 25 days, due to a severe condition. Intubation, hemodialysis and tracheostomy were necessary to maintain homeostasis. In addition to regular treatment with etravirine, dolutegravir, darunavir and ritonavir for highly active antiretroviral therapy, the patient received To-cilizumab, which showed a great recovery in the patient's condition.ConclusionThe patient had several risk factors, such as: male gender, age> 70 years and hypertension. The use of To-cilizumab was of great importance in the patient's recovery, since the drug increased his immune response, which is deficient, due to HIV infection.

scholarly journals Rifabutin-Cobicistat Drug Interaction Resulting in Severe Bilateral Panuveitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 156-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher B. Toomey ◽  
Jeffrey Lee ◽  
Doran B. Spencer
Keyword(s):  
Drug Interaction ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Oral Steroids ◽  
History Of ◽  
Latent Tb ◽  
Tenofovir Alafenamide

We report a novel case of severe bilateral panuveitis with hypopyon secondary to rifabutin and cobicistat drug interaction in the setting of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and latent tuberculosis (TB). A 63-year-old woman presented with bilateral conjunctival injection and decreasing vision of 5 days’ duration. She had a history of well-controlled HIV infection, latent TB, and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis for which she was inadvertently being treated, due to a pharmacy error, concurrently with the anti-TB medicine rifabutin and the highly active antiretroviral therapy combination Genvoya® (elvitegravir 150 mg – cobicistat 150 mg – emtricitabine 200 mg – tenofovir alafenamide 10 mg). Ocular examination was significant for bilateral panuveitis with hypopyon. Blood, cerebrospinal fluid, and vitreous analysis were negative for infectious or rheumatologic abnormalities. Rifabutin was discontinued and the patient was treated with intravenous followed by oral steroids as an outpatient with eventual resolution of symptoms. This unique case of rifabutin-cobicistat drug interaction highlights the association between rifabutin drug levels and ocular inflammation and expands the potential presentation of rifabutin-associated uveitis to include bilateral panuveitis with hypopyon.

scholarly journals Synchronous and metachronous malignant melanomas arising in a human immunodeficiency virus-positive patient after the commencement of highly active antiretroviral therapy treatment: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharad P. Paul ◽  
Simon Briggs ◽  
Michael Hitchcock
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background We present an unusual case of a patient who developed four melanomas within a few months of diagnosis with human immunodeficiency virus and commencement of highly active antiretroviral therapy therapy. The patient had no previous history of melanoma, and previous skin checks were normal. Case presentation A 50-year-old Caucasian male drainlayer with Fitzpatrick type 2 skin presented for a routine skin examination. He had been diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus 4 months earlier and commenced on highly active antiretroviral therapy therapy. He was found to have three melanomas (melanoma in situ stage) on excision biopsies, and when he presented for wider excisions of these sites a few weeks later, another new melanoma in situ was found. He had no other medical history of note, and no symptoms to report. He is being followed up 3-monthly. Conclusions This case of a human immunodeficiency virus-positive person presenting with four cutaneous melanomas—occurring in both synchronous and metachronous fashion within a 4-month period—is being presented both for its uniqueness and also to highlight the increased need for close skin surveillance in human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients.

scholarly journals Successful management of HIV infection in a patient with ulcerative colitis; a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e17-e17
Author(s):  
Zain Majid ◽  
Shoaib Ahmed Khan ◽  
Hina Ismail ◽  
Nishat Akbar ◽  
Rajesh Mandhwani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Successful Management ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is an infectious disease that is rarely seen in ulcerative colitis patients. Both diseases commonly involve the colon. It has been shown that treating these patients with anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) therapy leads to remission of both conditions. We hereby present the case of a 7-year-old boy who was initially managed as a case ulcerative colitis after undergoing extensive workup and later on tested positive for HIV infection and was managed via mesalamine and highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Mesalamine therapy along with HAART can be used to treat ulcerative colitis patients infected with HIV infection in resource limited countries.

scholarly journals Identification of risk factors for human immunodeficiency virus-1 infection in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa population: A case control study

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamila Haider ◽  
Ghosia Lutfullah ◽  
Irshad Ur Rehman ◽  
Irfan Khattak
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
History Of ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1

Objectives: The present study aims to identify the risk factors for Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1(HIV-1) infection in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) population by comparing HIV-antibody positive cases with HIV-antibody-negative controls. Methods: The study was designed at the Family Care Centre (FCC), Hayatabad Medical Centre (HMC) Peshawar from February 2015 to December 2016. A total of 280 individuals were selected randomly for the study as cases and control. Data was collected on a structured questionnaire with informed oral consent. The collected data was analysed statistically using SPSS version 20. Results: Out of 280 individuals, 56% were males, 44% were females, and 53.21% belonged to the urban areas. The literacy rate was 48.6%, and 75.4% were married. The statistical analysis of risk factors revealed the following factors as of significance value (p < 0.05). Family history of HIV (OR = 9.46), spouse status of HIV (OR=22.22), injection drug users (IDUs), migrants (OR=2.234), use of therapeutic injections (OR= 2.791), employment (OR=2.545), male gender (OR=2.35), tattooing (OR=7.667) and history of blood transfusion (OR= 2.69). Conclusion: The present study revealed spouse status of HIV, tattooing, migrants, IDUs, use of therapeutic injections, history of blood transfusion, male gender and employment as significant risk factors for HIV infection in the population of KP. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.5.258 How to cite this:Haider J, Lutfullah G, Irshad ur Rehman, Khattak I. Identification of risk factors for human immunodeficiency virus-1 infection in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa population: A case control study. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(5):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.5.258 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

scholarly journals The Pathophysiology of HIV-/HAART-Related Metabolic Syndrome Leading to Cardiovascular Disorders: The Emerging Role of Adipokines

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Palios ◽  
Nikolaos P. E. Kadoglou ◽  
Stylianos Lampropoulos
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Cardiovascular Disorders ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

Individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) frequently demonstrate metabolic syndrome (MS) associated with increased incidence of cardiovascular disorders. Characteristics of HIV infection, such as immunodeficiency, viral load, and duration of the disease, in addition to the highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) have been suggested to induce MS in these patients. It is well documented that MS involves a number of traditional cardiovascular risk factors, like glucose, lipids, and arterial blood pressure abnormalities, leading to extensive atherogenic arterial wall changes. Nevertheless, the above traditional cardiovascular risk factors merely explain the exacerbated cardiovascular risk in MS. Nowadays, the adipose-tissue derivatives, known as adipokines, have been suggested to contribute to chronic inflammation and the MS-related cardiovascular disease. In view of a novel understanding on how adipokines affect the pathogenesis of HIV/HAART-related MS and cardiovascular complications, this paper focuses on the interaction of the metabolic pathways and the potential cardiovascular consequences. Based on the current literature, we suggest adipokines to have a role in the pathogenesis of the HIV/HAART-related MS. It is crucial to understand the pathophysiology of the HIV/HAART-related MS and apply therapeutic strategies in order to reduce cardiovascular risk in HIV patients.

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