scholarly journals Cognitive tasks during walking affect cerebral blood flow signal features in middle cerebral arteries and their correlation to gait characteristics

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Gatouillat ◽  
Héloïse Bleton ◽  
Jessie VanSwearingen ◽  
Subashan Perera ◽  
Scott Thompson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Arteries ◽  
Cognitive Tasks ◽  
Flow Signal ◽  
Gait Characteristics ◽  
Blood Flow Signal ◽  
Signal Features ◽  
Middle Cerebral Arteries

scholarly journals Effects of GV14 Acupuncture on Cerebral Blood Flow Velocity in the Basilar and Middle Cerebral Arteries and CO2 Reactivity during Hypercapnia in Normal Individuals

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Hyun Ku Lee ◽  
Sang-Kwan Moon ◽  
Chul Jin ◽  
Seung-Yeon Cho ◽  
Seong-Uk Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Blood Flow Velocity ◽  
Cerebral Arteries ◽  
Transcranial Doppler Sonography ◽  
Cerebrovascular Reactivity ◽  
Acupuncture Points ◽  
Co2 Reactivity ◽  
Middle Cerebral Arteries

The Governing Vessel 14 (GV14) (Dazhui) is one of the acupuncture points referred to as “seven acupoints for stroke.” Nevertheless, there is a scarcity of research on the effects of acupuncture treatment at GV14. This study investigated the effects of acupuncture at GV14 on cerebral blood flow (CBF), especially that in the basilar artery (BA) and the middle cerebral arteries (MCA). Sixteen healthy men aged 20 to 29 years were enrolled in this study. CBF velocity and cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) were measured using transcranial Doppler sonography (TCD). The following were assessed: closed circuit rebreathing- (CCR-) induced carbon dioxide (CO2) reactivity, modified blood flow velocity at 40 mmHg (CV40) on BA and MCAs, blood pressure (BP), and heart rate (HR). Observed results were obtained after comparison with the baseline evaluation. Statistically significant elevations in CO2 reactivity were recorded in the BA (3.28 to 4.70, p < 0.001 ) and MCAs (right: 3.81 to 5.25, p = 0.001 ; left: 3.84 to 5.12, p = 0.005 ) after acupuncture at GV14. The CV40 increased statistically significantly only in the BA (45.49 to 50.41, p = 0.003 ). No change was observed in BP (106.83 to 107.08 (mmHg), p = 0.335 ) and HR (77 to 75 (bpm), p = 0.431 ). Acupuncture at GV14 improved CBF velocity. These results could be explained by the regulation of endothelium-dependent vessel dilation effected by acupuncture. This trial is registered with Korean Clinical Trial Registry (http://cris.nih.go.kr; registration number: KCT0004787).

scholarly journals Post-Lumbar Puncture Headache—Does Hydration before Puncture Prevent Headache and Affect Cerebral Blood Flow?

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Nowaczewska ◽  
Beata Kukulska-Pawluczuk ◽  
Henryk Kaźmierczak ◽  
Katarzyna Pawlak-Osińska
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Lumbar Puncture ◽  
Cerebral Arteries ◽  
Mean Velocity ◽  
Oral Fluids ◽  
Middle Cerebral Arteries ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Diagnostic Lumbar Puncture ◽  
Baseline Values

Headache is a common complication after diagnostic lumbar puncture (DLP). We aimed to check whether hydration before puncture influences the incidence of post-lumbar puncture headache (PLPH) and affects cerebral blood flow. Ninety-nine patients enrolled for puncture were assigned to a group with (n = 40) or without hydration (n = 59). In the hydration group, 1000 mL 0.9% NaCl was infused and a minimum of 1500 mL oral fluids was recommended within the 24 h before puncture. A Transcranial Doppler (TCD) was performed before and after DLP. Mean velocity (Vm) and pulsatility index (PI) were measured in the middle cerebral arteries (MCAs). PLPH occurred in 28 patients (28.2%): six (15.4%) from the hydrated and 22 (37.3%) from the non-hydrated group (p < 0.023). Patients with PLPH were younger (p < 0.014) and with headaches in their histories (p < 0.036) compared with the non-headache group. Vm values in both MCAs after puncture were significantly lower than before puncture in all patients. In the PLPH group, Vm in MCAs before puncture were significantly higher and the PI was lower than in the non-headache group. Our findings suggest that hydration of patients within 24 h before puncture prevented PLPH. Twenty-four hours after puncture, significant decreases in Vm were observed in the MCAs of all patients. Low baseline values of PI and high Vm predisposed patients to PLPH.

scholarly journals PACAP, a VIP-like Peptide: Immunohistochemical Localization and Effect upon Cat Pial Arteries and Cerebral Blood Flow

1993 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Uddman ◽  
P. J. Goadsby ◽  
I. Jansen ◽  
L. Edvinsson
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Arteries ◽  
Immunohistochemical Localization ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Moderate Increase ◽  
Pial Arteries ◽  
Maximal Increase ◽  
Middle Cerebral Arteries ◽  
Prostaglandin F

Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide (PACAP) is a vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)–like peptide recently isolated from ovine hypothalami. Nerve fibers containing PACAP immunoreactivity were present in the adventitia and the adventitia-media border of cat cerebral arteries. Double immunostaining revealed that PACAP-immunoreactive nerve fibers constituted a sub-population of the VIP-containing fibers. PACAP effected a concentration-dependent relaxation of feline middle cerebral arteries that had been precontracted with prostaglandin F2α. The maximum relaxation, 24 and 34% of precontraction, was achieved with PACAP-38 and PACAP-27, respectively, at a concentration of 10−6 M. In cats anesthetized with α-chloralose, intracerebral microinjection of PACAP effected a moderate increase in cerebral blood flow. The maximal increase (18.6 ± 6%) was observed following the injection of 5 μg PACAP.

scholarly journals Impaired myogenic response and autoregulation of cerebral blood flow is rescued in CYP4A1 transgenic Dahl salt-sensitive rat

2015 ◽  
Vol 308 (5) ◽  
pp. R379-R390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan Fan ◽  
Aron M. Geurts ◽  
Sydney R. Murphy ◽  
Mallikarjuna R. Pabbidi ◽  
Howard J. Jacob ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Arteries ◽  
Cerebral Injury ◽  
Transgenic Rat ◽  
Myogenic Response ◽  
Cerebral Vasculature ◽  
Synthesis Inhibitor ◽  
Middle Cerebral Arteries ◽  
The Brain

We have reported that a reduction in renal production of 20-HETE contributes to development of hypertension in Dahl salt-sensitive (SS) rats. The present study examined whether 20-HETE production is also reduced in the cerebral vasculature of SS rats and whether this impairs the myogenic response and autoregulation of cerebral blood flow (CBF). The production of 20-HETE, the myogenic response of middle cerebral arteries (MCA), and autoregulation of CBF were compared in SS, SS-5BN rats and a newly generated CYP4A1 transgenic rat. 20-HETE production was 6-fold higher in cerebral arteries of CYP4A1 and SS-5BN than in SS rats. The diameter of the MCA decreased to 70 ± 3% to 65 ± 6% in CYP4A1 and SS-5BN rats when pressure was increased from 40 to 140 mmHg. In contrast, the myogenic response of MCA isolated from SS rats did not constrict. Administration of a 20-HETE synthesis inhibitor, HET0016, abolished the myogenic response of MCA in CYP4A1 and SS-5BN rats but had no effect in SS rats. Autoregulation of CBF was impaired in SS rats compared with CYP4A1 and SS-5BN rats. Blood-brain barrier leakage was 5-fold higher in the brain of SS rats than in SS-5BN and SS.CYP4A1 rats. These findings indicate that a genetic deficiency in the formation of 20-HETE contributes to an impaired myogenic response in MCA and autoregulation of CBF in SS rats and this may contribute to vascular remodeling and cerebral injury following the onset of hypertension.

scholarly journals Effects of LI11 Acupuncture on CO2 reactivity in the anterior and middle cerebral arteries during hyperventilation-induced hypocapnia in normal subjects: A before and after study

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 174-185
Author(s):  
Gyeong-muk Kim ◽  
Woo-Sang Jung ◽  
Seungwon Kwon ◽  
Chul Jin ◽  
Seung-Yeon Cho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Blood Flow Velocity ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow Velocity ◽  
Cerebral Arteries ◽  
Co2 Reactivity ◽  
Middle Cerebral Arteries ◽  
Before And After

Objectives: The LI11 (Quchi) acupuncture point has always been included in the Seven acupoints for stroke; however, additional LI11 acupuncture research is needed. In this study, the effect of LI11 acupuncture on cerebral blood flow of the anterior cerebral arteries (ACA) and middle cerebral arteries (MCA) was investigated.Method: This study included 10 healthy young male subjects. Cerebral blood flow velocity and cerebrovascular reactivity were measured using transcranial Doppler sonography. Changes in hyperventilation-induced carbon dioxide (CO2) reactivity and modified ACA and MCA blood flow velocity at 40 mmHg (CV40), blood pressure, and heart rate were observed before and after LI11 acupuncture treatment.Results: A statistically significant increase in contralateral anterior cerebral artery CO2 reactivity (p=0.036) and decrease in contralateral middle cerebral artery CV40 (p=0.047) were observed. No significant difference in mean blood pressure was shown. A statistically significant increase in heart rate occurred after LI11 acupuncture; however, it was not clinically significant as there were negligible changes in the heart rhythm.Conclusions: LI11 acupuncture treatment could improve cerebral blood flow velocity. These results might be explained by regulating endothelium-dependent vessel dilation in the anterior cerebral artery region.Trial registration: This trial has been registered with Clinical Research Information Service, a service of the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: KCT0004494 (retrospectively registered). https://cris.nih.go.kr/cris/search/search_result_st01.jsp?seq=15359

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