scholarly journals Early posttraumatic stress symptoms and levels of distress in trauma patients treated in the resuscitation room: an exploratory study

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iris Reiner ◽  
Manfred E. Beutel ◽  
Philipp Winter ◽  
Pol M. Rommens ◽  
Sebastian Kuhn
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Resuscitation Room ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
High Distress ◽  
Car Accident ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background The aim of the present study was to investigate the incidence of psychological distress and posttraumatic stress symptoms in trauma patients who have been recruited from the resuscitation room. Further, we wanted to explore risk factors for posttraumatic stress symptoms, taking different accident types into account. Methods Our sample consisted of 45 patients who have been treated in the resuscitation room and were interviewed within the first ten days after treatment. Type of accident, third party fault, previous mental health problems and pretraumatic stress were examined. Patients were interviewed with respect to their currently felt distress regarding the accident. Posttraumatic stress symptoms were measured with the German version of the Impact of Event Scale. Injury severity was assessed by means of the Injury Severity Score. Results Our exploratory and cross-sectional project reveals that more severe injuries were associated with higher distress. However, posttraumatic stress symptoms were predicted by high distress and being involved in a car accident, but not by injury severity. Conclusions We identified two potential risk factors for the development of posttraumatic stress in trauma patients recruited from the resuscitation room: Being involved in a car accident and high distress. Trial registration The project has been registered at the Study Center of Mental Disorders (SPE) at the University Medical Center Mainz (No: 92072014).

Associations Between Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms, Anxiety Sensitivity, Socially Prescribed Perfectionism, and Severity of Somatic Symptoms Among Individuals with Fibromyalgia

Pain Medicine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hila Avishai Cohen ◽  
Gadi Zerach
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Somatic Symptom ◽  
Somatic Symptoms ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms ◽  
Psychological Risk Factors ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
Socially Prescribed Perfectionism ◽  
Psychological Risk

Abstract Objectives The contribution of psychological risk factors to the intensification of pain experienced among individuals with fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is relatively under-studied. The present study aims to explore associations between FMS-related somatic symptom severity and two personality tendencies: anxiety sensitivity (AS) and socially prescribed perfectionism (SPP). Furthermore, the relative contributions of these personality tendencies are examined vis-à-vis the experience of potentially traumatic events (PTEs) and the psychopathology of posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). Methods A volunteer sample of 117 Israeli adults with FMS responded to online validated self-report questionnaires regarding their PTEs, PTSS, somatic symptom severity, FMS, AS, and SPP in a cross-sectional study. Results Participants’ self-reported PTSS rates (61.5%) were high. AS and SPP were positively related to somatic symptom severity. Interestingly, we found that PTSS positively predicted the severity of somatic symptoms above and beyond the contributions of AS and SPP. Conclusions The present study supports the assumption that psychological risk factors may affect the expression of somatic symptoms and the interpretation of pain stimulus arising in the body that might eventually be experienced as excessively painful. The study also suggests that above and beyond psychological risk factors, PTSS may express a high predominance and affect pain perception among participants with FMS.

scholarly journals Predicting Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms From Pretraumatic Risk Factors: A 2-Year Prospective Follow-Up Study in Firefighters

2005 ◽  
Vol 162 (12) ◽  
pp. 2276-2286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Heinrichs ◽  
Dieter Wagner ◽  
Walter Schoch ◽  
Leila M. Soravia ◽  
Dirk H. Hellhammer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Stress Symptoms

Perceived Self-efficacy during an Emergency Situation Reduces Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Saccinto ◽  
Lola Vallès ◽  
Ed Hilterman ◽  
Malin Roiha ◽  
Luca Pietrantoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Traumatic Event ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThis study investigates if perceived self-efficacy during an emergency situation has a protective role in the development of posttraumatic stress symptoms among Italian and Spanish survivors of several emergency situations. We explored the impact of self-efficacy in a multiple regression model including other predictors of posttraumatic stress symptoms, such as emergency prevention knowledge; trust in emergency services; risk perception of becoming a victim of an emergency situation; and conscious and active behaviors in comparison with no conscious and no active behavior during the emergency. We carried out a retrospective study recruiting 214 participants who reported their experience as victims of one specific emergency event. Results showed that survivors who perceived themselves as more self-efficacious during the traumatic event had less posttraumatic stress symptoms. In contrast, female gender, more self-threat perception and higher trauma severity were associated with more symptoms. Findings contribute to better understand human behavior in emergency situations and evidence the protective role of perceived self-efficacy beliefs among survivors of emergency situations.

Beyond Trauma Exposure: Discrimination and Posttraumatic Stress, Internalizing, and Externalizing Problems Among Detained Youth

2020 ◽  
pp. 088626052092631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucybel Mendez ◽  
Michaela M. Mozley ◽  
Patricia K. Kerig
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Racial Discrimination ◽  
Externalizing Problems ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms ◽  
Traumatic Experience ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing Problems ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
Externalizing And Internalizing Problems ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing

According to the race-based traumatic stress model, racial discrimination is proposed to comprise a traumatic experience that results in posttraumatic stress symptoms, as well as internalizing and externalizing problems among youth. Accordingly, a significant body of research has emerged that supports the associations among these constructs. However, the majority of these empirical studies have not accounted for the potential role of traditionally defined traumatic events in these associations. This study investigated whether self-reported racial discrimination was related to posttraumatic stress symptoms, internalizing, and externalizing symptoms above and beyond the impact of other trauma exposures in a sample of 266 detained youth (79% boys, 60% identified as an ethnic minority). Results of hierarchical linear regressions demonstrated that, after accounting for youths’ other trauma exposures, racial discrimination accounted for significant variance in the models predicting delinquency and risk-taking but no other externalizing and internalizing problems, or posttraumatic stress symptoms. These findings indicate that racial discrimination may be particularly important for understanding offending behavior among detained youth.

The Impact of Internet Coverage of the March 2011 Japan Earthquake on Sleep and Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms: An International Perspective

2012 ◽  
Vol 169 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Bui ◽  
Rachel F. Rodgers ◽  
Christophe Herbert ◽  
Debra L. Franko ◽  
Naomi M. Simon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
International Perspective ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
The Impact

Effect of a group intervention for children and their parents who have cancer

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 575-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariko Kobayashi ◽  
Sue P. Heiney ◽  
Kaori Osawa ◽  
Miwa Ozawa ◽  
Eisuke Matsushima
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Group Intervention ◽  
The United States ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
Children And Parents ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTObjective:Although support programs for children whose parents have cancer have been described and evaluated, formal research has not been conducted to document outcomes. We adapted a group intervention called CLIMB®, originally developed in the United States, and implemented it in Tokyo, Japan, for school-aged children and their parents with cancer. The purpose of this exploratory pilot study was to examine the feasibility, acceptability, and impact of the Japanese version of the CLIMB® Program on children's stress and parents' quality of life and psychosocial distress.Methods:We enrolled children and parents in six waves of replicate sets for the six-week group intervention. A total of 24 parents (23 mothers and 1 father) diagnosed with cancer and 38 school-aged children (27 girls and 11 boys) participated in our study. Intervention fidelity, including parent and child satisfaction with the program, was examined. The impact of the program was analyzed using a quasiexperimental within-subject design comparing pre- and posttest assessments of children and parents in separate analyses.Results:Both children and parents experienced high levels of satisfaction with the program. Children's posttraumatic stress symptoms related to a parent's illness decreased after the intervention as measured by the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder–Reaction Index. No difference was found in children's psychosocial stress. The Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy scores indicated that parents' quality of life improved after the intervention in all domains except for physical well-being. However, no differences were found in parents' psychological distress and posttraumatic stress symptoms.Significance of results:Our results suggest that the group intervention using the CLIMB® Program relieved children's posttraumatic stress symptoms and improved parents' quality of life. The intervention proved the feasibility of delivering the program using manuals and training. Further research is needed to provide more substantiation for the benefits of the program.

Posttraumatic stress symptoms, PTSD, and risk factors among lower Manhattan residents 2–3 years after the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks

2008 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 264-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura DiGrande ◽  
Megan A. Perrin ◽  
Lorna E. Thorpe ◽  
Lisa Thalji ◽  
Joseph Murphy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
September 11 ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
Lower Manhattan

scholarly journals Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms Among Polyvictimized Women in the Colombian Armed Conflict: The Mediating Role of Social Acknowledgment

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Luis González-Castro ◽  
Silvia Ubillos-Landa ◽  
Alicia Puente-Martínez ◽  
Marcela Gracia-Leiva ◽  
Gina Marcela Arias-Rodriguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Traumatic Event ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
Post War ◽  
The Impact

For decades, in a situation of armed conflict in Colombia, women have suffered polyvictimization and discrimination with severe consequences that last even during the post-war peace process. This study analyzes the impact on posttraumatic stress and recovery of war-related violence against women, discrimination, and social acknowledgment. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2019–2020. Participants were 148 women with a mean age of 47.66years (range 18–83), contacted through the NGO Ruta Pacifica de las Mujeres who had experienced significant personal violence. Results show that levels of perceived discrimination and lack of social acknowledgment are mediators in the relationship between polyvictimization and posttraumatic stress symptoms. Recognition by significant others, disapproval by family and the larger social milieu affects different posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) dimensions and therefore how these women adapt to the effects of trauma. Findings provide strong evidence that the way society and family treats women after a traumatic event affects how the victim recovers from this event. Recognition as a victim and disapproval can coexist and be a burden for women if not adequately addressed. Results stress the importance of understanding and intervening in PTSD recovery through the analysis of social processes, and not only through and individual focus.

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