scholarly journals Lean body weight versus total body weight to calculate the iodinated contrast media volume in abdominal CT: a randomised controlled trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Moreno Zanardo ◽  
Fabio Martino Doniselli ◽  
Anastassia Esseridou ◽  
Massimiliano Agrò ◽  
Nicol Antonina Rita Panarisi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Contrast Media ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Total Body Weight ◽  
Lean Body Weight ◽  
Iodinated Contrast Media ◽  
Abdominal Ct ◽  
Iodinated Contrast ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Total Body

Abstract Objectives Iodinated contrast media (ICM) could be more appropriately dosed on patient lean body weight (LBW) than on total body weight (TBW). Methods After Ethics Committee approval, trial registration NCT03384979, patients aged ≥ 18 years scheduled for multiphasic abdominal CT were randomised for ICM dose to LBW group (0.63 gI/kg of LBW) or TBW group (0.44 gI/kg of TBW). Abdominal 64-row CT was performed using 120 kVp, 100–200 mAs, rotation time 0.5 s, pitch 1, Iopamidol (370 mgI/mL), and flow rate 3 mL/s. Levene, Mann–Whitney U, and χ2 tests were used. The primary endpoint was liver contrast enhancement (LCE). Results Of 335 enrolled patients, 17 were screening failures; 44 dropped out after randomisation; 274 patients were analysed (133 LBW group, 141 TBW group). The median age of LBW group (66 years) was slightly lower than that of TBW group (70 years). Although the median ICM-injected volume was comparable between groups, its variability was larger in the former (interquartile range 27 mL versus 21 mL, p = 0.01). The same was for unenhanced liver density (IQR 10 versus 7 HU) (p = 0.02). Median LCE was 40 (35–46) HU in the LBW group and 40 (35–44) HU in the TBW group, without significant difference for median (p = 0.41) and variability (p = 0.23). Suboptimal LCE (< 40 HU) was found in 64/133 (48%) patients in the LBW group and 69/141 (49%) in the TBW group, but no examination needed repeating. Conclusions The calculation of the ICM volume to be administered for abdominal CT based on the LBW does not imply a more consistent LCE.

scholarly journals Optimization of contrast medium volume for abdominal CT in oncologic patients: prospective comparison between fixed and lean body weight-adapted dosing protocols

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Damiano Caruso ◽  
Elisa Rosati ◽  
Nicola Panvini ◽  
Marco Rengo ◽  
Davide Bellini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Image Quality ◽  
Contrast Media ◽  
Lower Amount ◽  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Lean Body Weight ◽  
Abdominal Ct ◽  
Oncologic Patients ◽  
Noise Ratio ◽  
Parenchymal Enhancement

Abstract Background Patient body size represents the main determinant of parenchymal enhancement and by adjusting the contrast media (CM) dose to patient weight may be a more appropriate approach to avoid a patient over dosage of CM. To compare the performance of fixed-dose and lean body weight (LBW)-adapted contrast media dosing protocols, in terms of image quality and parenchymal enhancement. Results One-hundred cancer patients undergoing multiphasic abdominal CT were prospectively enrolled in this multicentric study and randomly divided in two groups: patients in fixed-dose group (n = 50) received 120 mL of CM while in LBW group (n = 50) the amount of CM was computed according to the patient’s LBW. LBW protocol group received a significantly lower amount of CM (103.47 ± 17.65 mL vs. 120.00 ± 0.00 mL, p < 0.001). Arterial kidney signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) and pancreatic CNR were significantly higher in LBW group (all p ≤ 0.004). LBW group provided significantly higher arterial liver, kidney, and pancreatic contrast enhancement index (CEI) and portal venous phase kidney CEI (all p ≤ 0.002). Significantly lower portal vein SNR and CNR were observed in LBW-Group (all p ≤ 0.020). Conclusions LBW-adapted CM administration for abdominal CT reduces the volume of injected CM and improves both image quality and parenchymal enhancement.

P0264ASSESSMENT OF GFR IN MORBIDLY OBESE PATIENTS USING DIFFERENT EQUATIONS: WHICH IS THE BEST?

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alaa Sabry ◽  
Amir Basiony ◽  
Mohamed Kamal
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Creatinine Clearance ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Total Body Weight ◽  
Lean Body Weight ◽  
Morbidly Obese ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Morbidly Obese Patient ◽  
Gault Formula ◽  
Total Body

Abstract Background and Aims Obesity is a potent risk factor for the development of kidney disease. The prevalence of abdominal obesity in Egyptians based upon the European cut-off points was 30.2% for men and 70.9% for women. To detect the best formula for estimation of glomerular filtration rates in morbidly obese individuals. Method: In this prospective study 82 morbidly obese patients were included, Age: 15 to 65 years, Morbidly obese patient (BMI &gt; 40 Kg/m2), Creatinine clearance calculated from a 24-h urine was done, Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR): It was assessed to be correlated with creatinine clearance and detect the most suitable formula for morbidly obese patients. Cockcroft-Gault formula:  Cockcroft-Gault formula (for total body weight): ockcroft-Gault formula (for adjusted body weight): Cockcroft-Gault formula (for lean body weight), MDRD-eGFR (Modification of Diet in Renal Disease equation) (Shahbaz & Gupta, 2019), CKD-epidemiology (CKD-EPI): (Levey, et al, 2009) Results Demogrphic criteria of the studdied patients Conclusion: The equations that had the nearest values to creatinine clearance were CG-TBW-GFR and CGAjBW- GFR, both of them had a moderate reliability with more agreement for the CG-TBW-GFR equation . The CG-TBW-GFR formula was the most reliable one to measure GFR, followed by the CG-AjBW-GFR formula, while the CG-IBW, CG-LBW, MDRD-GFR and CKD-EPI-GFR formulae were not reliable at all .

scholarly journals Comparative study of anaesthesia induction in obese dogs using propofol dosages based on lean body weight or total body weight

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 100131
Author(s):  
Fernanda Corrêa Devito ◽  
Geni Cristina Fonseca Patricio ◽  
Patrícia Bonifácio Flôr ◽  
Thiago Henrique Annibale Vendramini ◽  
Andressa Rodrigues Amaral ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Total Body Weight ◽  
Lean Body Weight ◽  
Anaesthesia Induction ◽  
Total Body

INFLUENCE OF DIET COMPOSITION AND CALORIC INTAKE ON BODY WEIGHT OF WARM- AND COLD-ACCLIMATED RATS

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 2225-2235
Author(s):  
A. DesMarais ◽  
P. A. Lachance
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Total Body Weight ◽  
Lean Body Weight ◽  
High Fat ◽  
High Carbohydrate ◽  
Exposure To Cold ◽  
Total Body Fat ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Total Body

The well known reduction in growth rate of cold-acclimated rats has been shown to depend on a decreased gain in total body fat, without change in the gain in lean body weight. This has been observed in rats fed Lab Chow or a high-fat diet ad libitum. In those groups fed a high-carbohydrate diet ad libitum or calorie-restricted high-fat or high-carbohydrate diets, exposure to cold had no effect on the gain in neither total body weight nor lean body weight, which were already reduced by the diet; in those animals, the significant decrease in the gain in total body fat upon exposure to cold was compensated by a slight but unsignificant increase in the gain in lean body weight, so that differences in gain in total body weight were not significant.

scholarly journals Changes in Resting Energy Expenditure following Gastric Bypass Surgery: Impact on Total Body Weight.

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fathimath Naseer ◽  
Ruth Price ◽  
Adele McElroy ◽  
Carel Le Roux ◽  
Tamsyn Redpath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Total Body Weight ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Ree Group

AbstractBariatric surgery, including Gastric Bypass (GBP) Surgery, is the most efficient modality to manage severe obesity. Resting Energy Expenditure (REE) is an area of interest in the context of weight loss (WL) as it has been postulated to be an independent predictor of WL success following GBP. As such, the aim of this study is to investigate the impact of REE on WL following GBP. 31 GBP patients (77.4% females BMI 45.5 ± 7.0kg/m2 ; 47.3 ± 11.6y) and 32 weight-stable controls (46.9% females; BMI 27.0 ± 4.6kg/m2 ; 41.1 ± 13.5y) were assessed at one-month pre-surgery and at 3 and 12-months post-surgery. Fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM) were measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (Lunar iDXA, GE Healthcare). REE was measured under standardised conditions using indirect calorimetry (ECAL, Metabolic Health Solutions). Statistical analyses were performed with SPSS v24.0, Armonk, NY. Multiple regression analysis showed that FM (P = 0.001), FFM (P < 0.0001) and gender (P = 0.012) significantly predicted the interindividual variability in REE. Total body weight (TBW) was removed from the model due to collinearity. Adjusted-REE values were then generated using the above predictor variables. Low-REE and high-REE groups were created using within-group adjusted-REE split. At both follow-ups (3- and 12-months post-surgery), patients had a greater reduction in TBW, FM, FFM, measured-REE and adjusted-REE values compared with controls (P < 0.0001). There was also no significant difference between measured and adjusted-REE values at all time-points (P > 0.05). Patients with high REEs at baseline lost more TBW than those in the low-REE group at 3-months post-surgery (-24.9 ± 6.5 kg vs. -16.6 ± 7.0 kg; P = 0.005) and 12-months post-surgery (-41.3 ± 12.5 kg vs. -25.8 ± 10.4.0 kg; P = 0.003). There was no significant difference in mean TBW changes for controls in the low-and high-REE groups at both follow-ups. Patients with high REEs at 3-months post-surgery did not lose more TBW than those in the low-REE group at 12-months post-surgery (-30.1 ± 12.8 kg vs. -38.6 ± 14.4 kg; P = 0.155). Similarly, there was no difference in mean TBW reduction between controls in the low- and high-REE groups (P = 0.115). Thus while patients with a high adjusted-REE value at baseline (> 9746.6kJ/day) lost more weight at 3- and 12-months post-GBP, it is plausible that from the third to the 12th month post-surgery, other key drivers of weight loss, particularly the reduction in energy intake are more important in predicting WL. Further research with a larger sample size is required to increase the chances of detecting a true effect.

scholarly journals Pharmacokinetic Study of Modafinil in Relation to Gender and Ethnicity in Healthy Young Chinese Volunteers

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Guo ◽  
Longshan Zhao ◽  
Dong-Ya Xia
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Oral Dose ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Total Body Weight ◽  
Apparent Volume ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Parameters ◽  
Maximum Plasma ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Total Body

Purpose. The pharmacokinetics of modafinil were investigated in relation to gender and ethnicity in healthy young volunteers from Han, Mongolian, Korean, Uygur and Hui ( n = 10/group) following administration of a single 200 mg oral dose. Methods. Blood samples were collected over 48 h for the determination of plasma levels of modafinil and its acid metabolite by High performance liquid chromatography with an ultraviolet detector. Pharmacokinetic parameters were evaluated using noncompartmental methods. Results. Modafinil was well tolerated and safe at a single oral dose of 200 mg. All participants reported adverse events, none of which was serious or unexpected. The maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) and area under the curve for modafinil concentration versus time, which was extrapolated to infinity (AUC0-∞), were higher in women compared to men (p < 0.01). No gender-based difference was noted in the total body weight-normalized modafinil oral clearance. The total body weight-normalized modafinil apparent volume of distribution and the t1/2 was found to exhibit an ethnicity-based significant difference. Conclusion. The results of the current study suggest that there might be pharmacokinetic differences related to gender and ethnicity in the pharmacokinetics of modafinil.

Effect of Shearing Wool and the Hot Months of the Year on some Production Characteristics in Turkish Awassi Ewes

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-58
Author(s):  
Taha AL-Sharqi ◽  
Majid Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Total Body Weight ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group Control ◽  
Humidity Index ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Production Characteristics

This study aimed to investigate the effect of wool shearing and the environmental factors represented by some hot months of the year (July August and September) on some production characteristics in Turkish Awassi ewes. 18 ewes, aged 3-5 years, with an average weight of about 55±1.43 kg, were used. The ewes divided into three treatments. The first group control (T1) were not shorned the wool, the second group (T2) wool of ewes were sheared at a distance of 1 cm from skin, while third group (T3) wool of ewes were sheared at level of the skin. The value of the weekly Temperature-humidity index THI in this study (32.33, 31.08, 31.70, 32.53, 33.45, 33.83, 34.60, 33.91, 31.90, 31.10, 31.84, 32.74) weeks respectively, while the monthly THI was (31.63, 33.48, 31.82) months of the study in July August and September in a respectively. The results showed a significant difference (p<0.05) between the treatments in body weight that were recorded at the tenth week where the THI reached. While the Second group recorded (2.16 ± 0.802) kg compared to T1, T3 (0.916 ± 0.723) (0.583 ± 0.490) kg respectively. While the total body weight of ewes and birth weight showed non-significant differences between different treated groups. From another hand the result showed non-significant differences feed and significant differences in water consumption between different treated groups. From the current study concluded that the level of shearing wool in Turkish Awassi ewes in conjunction with high temperature has an effect in production characteristics by reducing the effect of heat stress on the ewes.

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