scholarly journals Jugular foramen and venous collaterals may help to discriminate congenital from post-thrombotic jugular stenosis

2022 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoqin Wu ◽  
Yuchuan Ding ◽  
Xunming Ji ◽  
Ran Meng
Keyword(s):  
Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria ◽  
Jugular Vein ◽  
Jugular Foramen ◽  
Dynamic Evolution ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Case Examples ◽  
First Case ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Venous Collaterals ◽  
Vein Stenosis

Abstract Purpose Unilateral jugular stenosis is easily mistaken as jugular hypoplasia for their similar jugular appearances. This study aimed to propose a scheme to differentiate acquired internal jugular vein stenosis (IJVS) from congenital jugular variation through two case examples. Methods We presented a dynamic evolution process of the IJVS formation, through a case of a 17-year-old female with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH)-associated right internal jugular venous thrombosis (IJVT), which resulted in post-thrombotic IJVS in the rare context of rapid recanalization. Meanwhile, we compared her images with images of a 39-year-old healthy male with hypoplastic IJV to determine the differences between the acquired IJVS and congenital dysplasia. Results Based on the first case, we noticed the whole formative process of acquired IJVS from nothing to something. Meantime, we found that acquired IJVS was surrounded by abnormal corkscrew collaterals as imaged on contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance venography (CE-MRV), and the ipsilateral jugular foramen (JF) was normal-sized as displayed on computer tomography (CT). Conversely, jugular hypoplasia was with ipsilateral stenotic JF and without serpentine collaterals. Conclusion JF morphology and venous collaterals may be deemed as surrogate identifiers to distinguish acquired unilateral IJVS from jugular hypoplasia.

Jugular Foramen Meningioma with Transverse and Sigmoid Sinuses Invasion and Jugular Vein Extension

2017 ◽  
Vol 78 (06) ◽  
pp. 617-622
Author(s):  
Ivan Radovanovic ◽  
Ivan Cabrilo ◽  
Carlo Schaller ◽  
Jeremy Brodard
Keyword(s):  
Internal Jugular Vein ◽  
Jugular Vein ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Cranial Nerves ◽  
Venous Occlusion ◽  
Jugular Foramen ◽  
Jugular Bulb ◽  
En Bloc ◽  
Conventional Angiography ◽  
First Case

AbstractWe present the case of a jugular foramen meningioma with predominantly intraluminal invasion of the transverse, sigmoid sinuses, jugular bulb, and internal jugular vein with venous occlusion in a 45-year-old woman. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain and conventional angiography were performed preoperatively and revealed a right-sided extra-axial dural-based mass in the jugular foramen. The surgical approach was a high cervical approach with exposure of the internal carotid artery, jugular vein, and cranial nerves IX to XII as well as a combined posterior temporo-basal and retrosigmoid craniotomy with mastoidectomy and posterior retrolabyrinthine petrosectomy. The transverse, sigmoid sinuses, jugular bulb, and superior internal jugular vein were removed en bloc, and the exophytic intradural tumor extension around cranial nerves IX, X, XI, and XII was resected subtotally. Postoperatively, the patient presented a transient right facial weakness (House-Brackmann II). MRI showed partial resection. This is the first case report of a jugular foramen meningioma with transverse and sigmoid sinuses invasion and jugular vein extension in the adult population.

Complete resolution of acute pancreatitis-induced chylous ascites following transhepatic portal vein stenting

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. e235986
Author(s):  
Alexander Tindale ◽  
James Jackson ◽  
Darina Kohoutova ◽  
Panagiotis Vlavianos
Keyword(s):  
Portal Vein ◽  
Complete Resolution ◽  
Chylous Ascites ◽  
Biliary Pancreatitis ◽  
Acute Biliary Pancreatitis ◽  
Portal Vein Stenosis ◽  
First Case ◽  
Vein Stenosis ◽  
Inflammatory Changes

We introduce a case of a 73-year-old man who developed intractable chylous ascites due to portal vein compression as a result of peripancreatic inflammatory changes after acute biliary pancreatitis. After stenting the portal vein stenosis, the chylous ascites improved from requiring weekly paracentesis to requiring no drainage within 4 months of the procedure and at the 15-month follow-up. To our knowledge, it is the first case reported in the literature where portal vein stenting has successfully been used to treat pancreatitis-induced chylous ascites.

scholarly journals Stereotactic Radiotherapy in the Treatment of Paraneoplastic Vasculitis in Oligometastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 1744-1750
Author(s):  
Laura Burgess ◽  
Marissa Keenan ◽  
Alan Liang Zhou ◽  
Kiefer Lypka ◽  
Delvina Hasimja Saraqini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Stereotactic Radiotherapy ◽  
Renal Cell ◽  
Systemic Vasculitis ◽  
Primary Lesion ◽  
Paraneoplastic Syndromes ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Palpable Purpura ◽  
First Case

Approximately 20% of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is diagnosed because of paraneoplastic manifestations. RCC has been associated with a large variety of paraneoplastic syndromes (PNS), but it is rarely associated with PNS vasculitis. We present a case of a previously healthy male who presented with systemic vasculitis; bitemporal headaches, diplopia, polyarthritis, palpable purpura, tongue lesion, peri-orbital edema, scleritis, chondritis and constitutional symptoms. He was subsequently found to have oligometastatic RCC. Both his primary lesion and site of oligometastasis were treated with stereotactic radiotherapy (SBRT) and resulted in the resolution of his vasculitis, as well as sustained oncologic response. This is the first case to demonstrate that effective sustained treatment for PNS vasculitis due to oligometastatic RCC is possible with SBRT.

The Morphology and Hemodynamic Characteristics of Patients with Internal Jugular Vein Stenosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Jia, MD Lingyun ◽  
Hua, MD Yang ◽  
Ji, MD Xunming ◽  
Zhang, MD Kaiyuan ◽  
Li, MD Shengnan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Jugular Vein ◽  
Jugular Vein ◽  
Hemodynamic Characteristics ◽  
Vein Stenosis

Transjugular percutaneous endovascular treatment of dysfunctional hemodialysis access

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 488-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Ho Kim ◽  
Sung Bum Cho ◽  
Yun Hwan Kim ◽  
Hwan Hoon Chung ◽  
Seung Hwa Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endovascular Treatment ◽  
Internal Jugular Vein ◽  
Patency Rate ◽  
Jugular Vein ◽  
Hemodialysis Access ◽  
Procedure Time ◽  
Arteriovenous Fistulas ◽  
Arteriovenous Grafts ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Vein Stenosis

Purpose: To evaluate the feasibility and the outcomes of transjugular percutaneous endovascular treatment of dysfunctional hemodialysis access in patients with chronic kidney disease. Methods: A total of 50 transjugular treatments in 38 patients with arteriovenous fistulas or arteriovenous grafts from September 2011 to May 2015 were included in this study. Medical records and angiographies were retrospectively reviewed. Success rate, patency rate, procedure time, and complications including internal jugular vein stenosis were evaluated. Results: A total of 50 sessions of transjugular treatments were performed in 38 patients. There were 31 native arteriovenous fistulas including 10 immature cases and 19 arteriovenous grafts. Among the 50 cases, technical success was achieved in 45 and clinical success was achieved in 44; 37 cases (74%) with multiple stenotic sites were treated by the transjugular approach without placement of cross-sheaths. The mean time from puncture of the internal jugular vein to first fistulography was 10 min, and the mean total procedure time was 64 min. The primary patency rate at 6 months was 77%, while the secondary patency rate at 6 months was 97%. Perforation occurred in two cases during conventional percutaneous transluminal angioplasty after failure of the transjugular approach. One dissection occurred during the transjugular approach. There was no newly developed internal jugular vein stenosis during a mean follow-up period of 19.3 months. Conclusion: For the treatment of dysfunctional or immature hemodialysis access, the transjugular approach is a feasible and effective option that avoids injury to the graft or draining vein, especially in immature fistulas.

scholarly journals Spontaneous cervical epidural hematoma: Insight into this occurrence with case examples

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Brian Fiani ◽  
Ryan Jarrah ◽  
Nicholas J. Fiani ◽  
Juliana Runnels
Keyword(s):  
Epidural Hematoma ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Treatment Algorithm ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Spinal Epidural Hematoma ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Case Examples ◽  
First Case

Background: First characterized in the 19th century, spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma (SSEH) is known as the idiopathic accumulation of blood within the spinal canal’s epidural space, causing symptoms varying from general back pain to complete paraplegia. With varying etiologies, a broad spectrum of severity and symptoms, a time-dependent resolution period, and no documented diagnosis or treatment algorithm, SSEH is a commonly misunderstood condition associated with increasing morbidity. While SSEH can occur at any vertebrae level, 16% of all SSEH cases occur in the cervical spine, making it a region of interest to clinicians. Case Description: Herein, the authors present two case examples describing the clinical presentation of SSEH, while also reviewing the literature to provide a comprehensive overview of its presentation, pathology, and treatment. The first case is a patient with nontraumatic sudden onset neck pain with rapidly progressing weakness. The second case is a patient with painless weakness that developed while taking 325 mg of aspirin daily. Conclusion: Clinicians should keep SSEH in their differential diagnosis when seeing patients with nontraumatic sources of weakness in their extremities. The appropriate steps should be followed to diagnose and treat this condition with magnetic resonance imaging and surgical decompression if there are progressive neurological deficits. There is a continued need for more extensive database-driven studies to understand better SSEHs clinical presentation, etiology, and ultimate treatment.

Enhancing Forensic Human Factors/Ergonomics Analyses Using Digital Surveillance Video

2007 ◽  
Vol 51 (18) ◽  
pp. 1129-1132
Author(s):  
Joseph Cohen ◽  
H. Harvey Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Grocery Store ◽  
Surveillance Video ◽  
Case Examples ◽  
Fall Incident ◽  
Expert Opinions ◽  
First Case ◽  
Digital Surveillance ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Retail Grocery

The increased need for physical security and rapid technological developments has created opportunities for enhancing the validity of expert opinions offered in the courtroom by human factors/ergonomics professionals. Digital surveillance equipment typically yields more information from several perspectives as well as affords more control than ‘old’ technologies such as closed-circuit television, video cassette recorders, and multiplexers. This poster illustrates three case examples in which human factors/ergonomics experts used digital surveillance video as part of forensic analyses on cases retained by attorneys representing both plaintiffs and defendants. The first case is a rear-end collision on a freeway between a moving bus and a stopped pickup truck. The second is a collision between a moving bus and falling pedestrian, while the third is a more common slip-and-fall incident in a retail grocery store. The implications of improved digital surveillance video for the practice of forensics human factors/ergonomics are discussed.

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