scholarly journals Diagnostic value of chest computed tomography imaging for COVID-19 based on reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction: a meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Liu ◽  
Xue Yang ◽  
Yunxian Zhu ◽  
Yi Zhu ◽  
Jingzhe Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Threshold Effect ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Reference Standard ◽  
Receiver Operating

Abstract Background The computed tomography (CT) diagnostic value of COVID-19 is controversial. We summarized the value of chest CT in the diagnosis of COVID-19 through a meta-analysis based on the reference standard. Methods All Chinese and English studies related to the diagnostic value of CT for COVID-19 across multiple publication platforms, was searched for and collected. Studies quality evaluation and plotting the risk of bias were estimated. A heterogeneity test and meta-analysis, including plotting sensitivity (Sen), specificity (Spe) forest plots, pooled positive likelihood ratio (+LR), negative likelihood ratio (-LR), dignostic odds ratio (DOR) values and 95% confidence interval (CI), were estimated. If there was a threshold effect, summary receiver operating characteristic curves (SROC) was further plotted. Pooled area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) and 95% CI were also calculated. Results Twenty diagnostic studies that represented a total of 9004 patients were included from 20 pieces of literatures after assessing all the aggregated studies. The reason for heterogeneity was caused by the threshold effect, so the AUROC = 0.91 (95% CI: 0.89–0.94) for chest CT of COVID-19. Pooled sensitivity, specificity, +LR, -LR from 20 studies were 0.91 (95% CI: 0.88–0.94), 0.71 (95% CI: 0.59–0.80), 3.1(95% CI: 2.2–4.4), 0.12 (95% CI: 0.09–0.17), separately. The I2 was 85.6% (P = 0.001) by Q-test. Conclusions The results of this study showed that CT diagnosis of COVID-19 was close to the reference standard. The diagnostic value of chest CT may be further enhanced if there is a unified COVID-19 diagnostic standard. However, please pay attention to rational use of CT. Graphic Abstract

Diagnostic Value of Total Plasma Lysophosphatidic Acid in Ovarian Cancer: A Meta-analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaolian Lu ◽  
Yingjian Chen ◽  
Zhide Hu ◽  
Chengjin Hu
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Lysophosphatidic Acid ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Summary Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Receiver Operating

ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the diagnostic value of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) in ovarian cancer.MethodsA systematic review of related studies was performed; sensitivity, specificity, and other measures about the accuracy of serum LPA in the diagnosis of ovarian cancer were pooled using random-effects models. Summary receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to summarize the overall test performance.ResultsSix studies involving 363 patients with ovarian cancer and 273 healthy control women met the inclusion criteria. The summary estimates for LPA in diagnosing ovarian cancer in the included studies were as follows: sensitivity, 0.94 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.91–0.96]; specificity, 0.88 (95% CI, 0.83–0.91); and diagnostic odds ratio, 141.59 (95% CI, 52.1–384.63). The area under the curve and Q value for summary receiver operating characteristic curves were 0.97 and 0.92, respectively.ConclusionsThe LPA assay showed high accuracy and sensitivity for the diagnosis of ovarian cancer. The present study was limited by the small number of available studies and sample size; therefore, additional studies with a better design and larger samples are needed to further assess the diagnostic accuracy of LPA.

scholarly journals The Diagnostic Accuracy of Direct Agglutination Test for Serodiagnosis of Human Visceral Leishmaniasis: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Mohebali ◽  
Hossein Keshavarz ◽  
Sedigheh Shirmohammad ◽  
Behnaz Akhoundi ◽  
Alireza Borjian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Summary Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Receiver Operating

Abstract Background: agglutination test (DAT) as simple, accurate and non-expensive tool that has been used widely for serodiagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) during the last three decades. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of DAT for serodiagnosis of human VL.Methods: Electronic databases, including MEDLINE (via PubMed), SCOPUS, Web of Science, SID and Mag Iran (two Persian scientific search engines) were searched from December 2004 to April 2019.The study quality was evaluated using the QUADAS checklist. We determined the sensitivities and specificities across studies, calculated positive and negative likelihood ratios (LR+ and LR-), and constructed summary receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curves parameters.Results: Of the 2928 records identified in the mentioned electronic databases and through articles’ reference lists, 25 articles met inclusion criteria and enrolled into the systematic review and among them 22 records were qualified for meta-analysis. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of DAT was 96% [(95% CI, 93–98] )and 95% [(95 % CI, 88–98]), respectively. The likelihood ratio of a positive test (LR+) was found to be 19.8 [CI95%, 7.6–51.8] and the likelihood ratio of a negative test (LR−) was found to be 0.04 [CI95%, 0.02–0.08]. The combined estimate of the diagnostic odds ratio for DAT was high [454 )136-1561]) ].We found that the summary receiver operating characteristic curve (SROC) is positioned near the upper left corner of the curve and the area under curve (AUC) was 0.98 (95% CI, 0.97 to 0.99).Conclusion: Based on our analysis, we find DAT can be considered as valuable tool for the serodiagnosis and seroprevalence of human VL with high sensitivity and specificityrates. As DAT is simple, accurate ,non-invasive and efficient serological test, it can be used for serodiagnosis of human VL particularly in endemic areas of the disease.

scholarly journals Standard echocardiography versus handheld echocardiography for the detection of subclinical rheumatic heart disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of diagnostic accuracy

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. e038449
Author(s):  
Lisa Helen Telford ◽  
Leila Hussein Abdullahi ◽  
Eleanor Atieno Ochodo ◽  
Liesl Joanna Zuhlke ◽  
Mark Emmanuel Engel
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Rheumatic Heart Disease ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Endemic Areas ◽  
Rheumatic Heart ◽  
Receiver Operating

ObjectiveTo summarise the accuracy of handheld echocardiography (HAND) which, if shown to be sufficiently similar to that of standard echocardiography (STAND), could usher in a new age of rheumatic heart disease (RHD) screening in endemic areas.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesPubMed, Scopus, EBSCOHost and ISI Web of Science were initially searched on 27 September 2017 and again on 3 March 2020 for studies published from 2012 onwards.Eligibility criteriaStudies assessing the accuracy of HAND compared with STAND when performed by an experienced cardiologist in conjunction with the 2012 World Heart Federation criteria among populations of children and adolescents living in endemic areas were included.Data extraction and synthesisTwo reviewers independently extracted data and assessed the methodological quality of included studies against review-specific Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS)-2 criteria. A meta-analysis using the hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristic model was conducted to produce summary results of sensitivity and specificity. Forest plots and scatter plots in receiver operating characteristic space in combination with subgroup analyses were used to investigate heterogeneity. Publication bias was not investigated.ResultsSix studies (N=4208) were included in the analysis. For any RHD detection, the pooled results from six studies were as follows: sensitivity: 81.56% (95% CI 76.52% to 86.61%) and specificity: 89.75% (84.48% to 95.01%). Meta-analytical results from five of the six included studies were as follows: sensitivity: 91.06% (80.46% to 100%) and specificity: 91.96% (85.57% to 98.36%) for the detection of definite RHD only and sensitivity: 62.01% (31.80% to 92.22%) and specificity: 82.33% (65.15% to 99.52%) for the detection of borderline RHD only.ConclusionsHAND displayed good accuracy for detecting definite RHD only and modest accuracy for detecting any RHD but demonstrated poor accuracy for the detection of borderline RHD alone. Findings from this review provide some evidence for the potential of HAND to increase access to echocardiographic screening for RHD in resource-limited and remote settings; however, further research into feasibility and cost-effectiveness of wide-scale screening is still needed.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42016051261.

scholarly journals Abnormal interhemispheric functional connectivity in patients with strabismic amblyopia: a resting-state fMRI study using voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuang Zhang ◽  
Gui-Ping Gao ◽  
Wen-Qing Shi ◽  
Biao Li ◽  
Qi Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Functional Connections ◽  
Receiver Operating

Abstract Background Previous studies have demonstrated that strabismus amblyopia can result in markedly brain function alterations. However, the differences in spontaneous brain activities of strabismus amblyopia (SA) patients still remain unclear. Therefore, the current study intended to employthe voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC) method to investigate the intrinsic brain activity changes in SA patients. Purpose To investigate the changes in cerebral hemispheric functional connections in patients with SA and their relationship with clinical manifestations using the VMHC method. Material and methods In the present study, a total of 17 patients with SA (eight males and nine females) and 17 age- and weight-matched healthy control (HC) groups were enrolled. Based on the VMHC method, all subjects were examined by functional magnetic resonance imaging. The functional interaction between cerebral hemispheres was directly evaluated. The Pearson’s correlation test was used to analyze the clinical features of patients with SA. In addition, their mean VMHC signal values and the receiver operating characteristic curve were used to distinguish patients with SA and HC groups. Results Compared with HC group, patients with SA had higher VMHC values in bilateral cingulum ant, caudate, hippocampus, and cerebellum crus 1. Moreover, the VMHC values of some regions were positively correlated with some clinical manifestations. In addition, receiver operating characteristic curves presented higher diagnostic value in these areas. Conclusion SA subjects showed abnormal brain interhemispheric functional connectivity in visual pathways, which might give some instructive information for understanding the neurological mechanisms of SA patients.

scholarly journals Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis: Fecal Calprotectin as a Surrogate Marker for Predicting Relapse in Adults with Ulcerative Colitis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiajia Li ◽  
Xiaojing Zhao ◽  
Xueting Li ◽  
Meijiao Lu ◽  
Hongjie Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Diagnostic Odds Ratio ◽  
Fecal Calprotectin ◽  
Clinical Relapse ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Receiver Operating

The clinical course of ulcerative colitis (UC) is featured by remission and relapse, which remains unpredictable. Recent studies revealed that fecal calprotectin (FC) could predict clinical relapse for UC patients in remission, which has not yet been well accepted. To detect the predictive value of FC for clinical relapse in adult UC patients based on updated literature, we carried out a comprehensive electronic search of PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and the Cochrane Library to identify all eligible studies. Diagnostic accuracy including pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and pooled area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) was calculated using a random effects model. Heterogeneity across studies was assessed by the I2 metric. Sources of heterogeneity were detected using subgroup analysis. Metaregression was used to test potential factors correlated to DOR. Publication bias was assessed using Deek’s funnel plots. In our study, 14 articles enrolling a total of 1110 participants were finally included, and all articles underwent a quality assessment. Pooled sensitivity, specificity, PLR, and NLR with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were 0.75 (95% CI: 0.70–0.79), 0.77 (95% CI: 0.74–0.80), 3.45 (95% CI: 2.31–5.14), and 0.37 (95% CI: 0.28–0.49) respectively. The area under the summary receiver operating characteristic (sROC) curve was 0.82, and the diagnostic odds ratio was 10.54 (95% CI: 6.16–18.02). Our study suggested that FC is useful in predicting clinical relapse for adult UC patients in remission as a simple and noninvasive marker.

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