Corrosion of Longquan celadons in the marine environment: study on the celadons from the Dalian Island shipwreck of the Yuan Dynasty

AbstractThe Dalian ("Image missing") Island shipwreck of the Yuan Dynasty (1271–1368 CE) was located in the sea area of Pingtan ("Image missing"), Fujian ("Image missing") Province, China. A total of 603 Longquan ("Image missing") celadon wares were excavated, some of which have been severely corroded. In this study, two celadon specimens with severe corrosion were selected to investigate the corrosion mechanism in the marine environment. Optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (SEM–EDS), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), Micro-Raman spectroscopy, and thermal expansion analysis were applied to analyze the microstructure of the glaze, corrosion morphology, and composition of corrosion products, and the corrosion mechanism was discussed in depth. The results showed that these two celadon wares are opaque matt glaze, in which the anorthite crystallization-phase separation structure with low chemical stability was found, which was more likely to be corroded. There are three possible stages in the corrosion process of the glaze. The first stage is mainly the long-term cation exchange reaction. Then, because of the corrosion of the CaO-rich droplet phase and the crystal-glass phase interface layer, the porous structure and many microcracks may be formed, promoting the corrosion process. Finally, many corrosion craters, caused by the shedding of anorthite crystals, may appear on the glaze surface. The quintinite group minerals in the glaze were probably formed during the corrosion process, which may be related to the marine buried environment and the corrosion of the glaze. This study discussed the influencing factors of the corrosion process of celadon wares in the marine environment from the perspective of microstructure for the first time, which is of great significance to the study of the corrosion mechanism of ancient ceramics.

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Long-term monitoring of zinc corrosion behavior in typical hot and dry atmosphere environment in Turpan, China

Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials ◽

10.1108/acmm-06-2018-1948 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 65 (5) ◽

pp. 471-483 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Chunhui Kang ◽

Decheng Kong ◽

JiZheng Yao ◽

Chunyun Guo ◽

Li Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Corrosion Behavior ◽

Exposure Time ◽

Corrosion Products ◽

Corrosion Mechanism ◽

Corrosion Morphology ◽

Transfer Resistance ◽

Positive Direction ◽

Pure Zinc ◽

Content Type ◽

X Ray

Purpose This paper aims to investigate the corrosion behavior of zinc in a typical hot and dry atmosphere. It proposes the dynamic corrosion for different exposure periods. Results can provide the basic data and corrosion mechanism of zinc in such environment. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, the authors investigated the corrosion behavior of pure zinc exposed in the typical hot and dry environment in Turpan for one-four years, which has never been studied. Scanning electron microscopy, laser scanning confocal microscopy, electron probe micro-analyzer (EPMA), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were conducted to measure the corrosion morphology and products of zinc. Finally, combining electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and scanning Kelvin probe techniques, the corrosion mechanism of zinc in Turpan was examined. Findings The thickness loss of the zinc followed an exponential law with respect to exposure time: D = 3.17 t0.61, and both of the rust layer resistance and the charge transfer resistance increased with exposure time. The corrosion products mainly comprised ZnO, Zn(OH)2, Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6, Zn4SO4(OH)6·5H2O and Zn12(SO4)3Cl3(OH)15·5H2O. The Kelvin potentials shifted toward the positive direction from −0.380 to −0.262 V (vs saturated calomel electrode [SCE]) when the exposure time extended from one to four years and the distribution of the corrosion products became more and more uniform. Originality/value The corrosion behavior of pure zinc in the typical hot and dry environment in Turpan has not been studied. The dynamic corrosion for different exposure periods was obtained. The corrosion products were systemically investigated via energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, EPMA, XPS and XRD.

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Investigation of the Corrosion Mechanism of A3 Steel by Ammonia Nitrogen Metabolites of Crassostrea Rivularis

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.624.147 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 624 ◽

pp. 147-151

Author(s):

Cheng Xiang Cai ◽

Yan Zhen Yin ◽

Jia Ming Li ◽

Shu Ming Zhong ◽

Xiu Feng Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ammonia Nitrogen ◽

Corrosion Process ◽

Corrosion Mechanism ◽

Model Compounds ◽

Corrosion Morphology ◽

Steel Alloys ◽

Engineering Steel ◽

Morphology Development ◽

Marine Engineering ◽

Simulated Seawater

Using ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) as model compounds of ammonia nitrogen metabolites of crassostrea rivularis (oyster), the corrosion process of steel alloys by ammonia nitrogen metabolites of oyster was carried out in simulated seawater. Using A3 steel for marine engineering steel as the sample, the experiments based on the corrosion coupon in natural sea, static coupon, scanning electron microscope and polarization curve were carried out. According to the corrosion morphology development of samples, the corrosion mechanism of attached corrosion of was revealed.

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Comparison of the Different Types of Qinghua Porcelain from Jingdezhen in the Yuan Dynasty of China (ad1271-1368) by Micro X-ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy (μ-XRF) and Microscopy

Archaeometry ◽

10.1111/arcm.12215 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 58 (6) ◽

pp. 966-978 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

T.-Q. Zhu ◽

Y.-C. Zhang ◽

H. Xiong ◽

Z.-Y. Feng ◽

Q. Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fluorescence Spectroscopy ◽

Yuan Dynasty ◽

X Ray ◽

Different Types ◽

The Yuan Dynasty

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Relationships between the Southwestern Yunnan area and neighboring countries during the Yuan Dynasty

CHUNGGUKSA YONGU (The Journal of Chinese Historical Researches) ◽

10.24161/chr.113.1 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 113 ◽

pp. 1-33

Author(s):

Sook Hee Bae

Keyword(s):

Yuan Dynasty ◽

Yunnan Area ◽

The Yuan Dynasty

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The Military Establishment of the Yuan Dynasty

10.2307/j.ctt1tfj8sp ◽

1978 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Ch’i-ch’ing Hsiao

Keyword(s):

Yuan Dynasty ◽

Military Establishment ◽

The Yuan Dynasty ◽

The Military

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Mongolian Rule in China: Local Administration in the Yuan Dynasty. By Elizabeth Endicott-West. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University, Council on East Asian Studies and Harvard-Yenching Institute, 1989. viii, 217 pp. (Distributed by Harvard University Press)

The Journal of Asian Studies ◽

10.2307/2058139 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 48 (4) ◽

pp. 827-828

Author(s):

Jing-shen Tao

Keyword(s):

East Asian ◽

Yuan Dynasty ◽

Harvard University ◽

Local Administration ◽

Asian Studies ◽

East Asian Studies ◽

University Council ◽

The Yuan Dynasty

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An investigation of hot corrosion morphology by color X-ray distribution imaging

Metallurgical Transactions A ◽

10.1007/bf02667279 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 257-264 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

D. W. McKee ◽

M. McConnell ◽

R. B. Bolon ◽

G. Romeo

Keyword(s):

Hot Corrosion ◽

Corrosion Morphology ◽

X Ray

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Effects of Interfacial Charge on the DC Dielectric Properties of Nanocomposites

Journal of Nanomaterials ◽

10.1155/2016/2935202 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Jiaming Yang ◽

Congji Liu ◽

Changji Zheng ◽

Hong Zhao ◽

Xuan Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dielectric Properties ◽

Breakdown Strength ◽

Interface Layer ◽

Low Density Polyethylene ◽

X Ray ◽

X Ray Scattering ◽

Scattering Effects ◽

Dielectric Performance ◽

Positive Effect ◽

Interfacial Charge

The interfacial charge phenomenon of MgO/low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and SiO2/LDPE nanocomposites was measured by synchrotron radiation small-angle X-ray scattering. Based on the Porod theory, the Porod curve of SiO2/LDPE nanocomposite shows negative divergence but the LDPE and MgO/LDPE do not, which reveals that interfacial charge may exist in the SiO2/LDPE nanocomposite. The DC dielectric properties of the nanocomposites are closely related to the interfacial charge. Experimental results show that the SiO2/LDPE nanocomposite has lower DC conductivity, less space charge, and higher DC breakdown strength than the MgO/LDPE nanocomposite. It is thought that the interfacial charge has a positive effect on the DC dielectric performance of nanocomposites, and the mechanism could be attributed to the scattering effects of the interfacial charge on the carrier migration. There is no obvious interfacial charge in the MgO/LDPE nanocomposite, but it still has excellent DC dielectric properties compared with LDPE, which indicates that the interfacial charge is not the only factor affecting the dielectric properties; the dipole interface layer and the reduction of free volume can also inhibit the migration of carriers and decrease electrons free path, improving the dielectric performance.

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