scholarly journals Using Crash Outcome Data Evaluation System (CODES) to examine injury in front vs. rear-seated infants and children involved in a motor vehicle crash in New York State

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Bauer ◽  
Leah Hines ◽  
Emilia Pawlowski ◽  
Jin Luo ◽  
Anne Scott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
New York State ◽  
Outcome Data ◽  
Crash Severity ◽  
Front Seat ◽  
York State ◽  
Child Restraint ◽  
Ed Visits

Abstract Background In New York State (NYS), motor vehicle (MV) injury to child passengers is a leading cause of hospitalization and emergency department (ED) visits in children aged 0–12 years. NYS laws require appropriate child restraints for ages 0–7 years and safety belts for ages 8 and up while traveling in a private passenger vehicle, but do not specify a seating position. Methods Factors associated with injury in front-seated (n = 11,212) compared to rear-seated (n = 93,092) passengers aged 0–12 years were examined by age groups 0–3, 4–7 and 8–12 years using the 2012–2014 NYS Crash Outcome Data Evaluation System (CODES). CODES consists of Department of Motor Vehicle (DMV) crash reports linked to ED visits and hospitalizations. The front seat was row 1 and the rear rows 2–3. Vehicle towed from scene and air bag deployed were proxies for crash severity. Injury was dichotomized based on Maximum Abbreviated Injury Severity (MAIS) scores greater than zero. Multivariable logistic regression (odds ratios (OR) with 95% CI) was used to examine factors predictive of injury for the total population and for each age group. Results Front-seated children had more frequent injury than those rear-seated (8.46% vs. 4.92%, p < 0.0001). Children in child restraints experienced fewer medically-treated injuries compared to seat belted or unrestrained children (3.80, 6.50 and 13.62%, p < 0.0001 respectively). A higher proportion of children traveling with an unrestrained vs. restrained driver experienced injury (14.50% vs 5.26%, p < 0.0001). After controlling for crash severity, multivariable adjusted predictors of injury for children aged 0–12 years included riding in the front seat (1.20, 1.10–1.31), being unrestrained vs. child restraint (2.13, 1.73–2.62), being restrained in a seat belt vs. child restraint (1.20, 1.11–1.31), and traveling in a car vs. other vehicle type (1.21, 1.14–1.28). Similarly, protective factors included traveling with a restrained driver (0.61, 0.50–0.75), a driver aged < 25 years (0.91, 0.82–0.99), being an occupant of a later vehicle model year 2005–2008 (0.68, 0.53–0.89) or 2009–2015 (0.55, 0.42–0.71) compared to older model years (1970–1993). Conclusions Compared to front-seated children, rear-seated children and children in age-appropriate restraints had lower adjusted odds of medically-treated injury.

scholarly journals Using Rural–Urban Continuum Codes (RUCCS) to Examine Alcohol-Related Motor Vehicle Crash Injury and Enforcement in New York State

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 1346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce C. Pressley ◽  
Leah M. Hines ◽  
Michael J. Bauer ◽  
Shin Ah Oh ◽  
Joshua R. Kuhl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Metropolitan Areas ◽  
New York State ◽  
Emergency Department Visits ◽  
Higher Alcohol ◽  
York State ◽  
Metropolitan Counties

Rural areas of New York State (NYS) have higher rates of alcohol-related motor vehicle (MV) crash injury than metropolitan areas. While alcohol-related injury has declined across the three geographic regions of NYS, disparities persist with rural areas having smaller declines. Our study aim was to examine factors associated with alcohol-related MV crashes in Upstate and Long Island using multi-sourced county-level data that included the Crash Outcome Data Evaluation System (CODES) with emergency department visits and hospitalizations, traffic citations, demographic, economic, transportation, alcohol outlets, and Rural–Urban Continuum Codes (RUCCS). A cross-sectional study design employed zero-truncated negative binominal regression models to assess relative risks (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Counties (n = 57, 56,000 alcohol-related crashes over the 3 year study timeframe) were categorized by mean annual alcohol-related MV injuries per 100,000 population: low (24.7 ± 3.9), medium (33.9 ± 1.7) and high (46.1 ± 8.0) (p < 0.0001). In multivariable analyses, alcohol-related MV injury was elevated for non-adjacent, non-metropolitan counties (RR 2.5, 95% CI: 1.6–3.9) with higher citations for impaired driving showing a small, but significant protective effect. Less metropolitan areas had higher alcohol-related MV injury with inconsistent alcohol-related enforcement measures. In summary, higher alcohol-related MV injury rates in non-metropolitan counties demonstrated a dose–response relationship with proximity to a metropolitan area. These findings suggest areas where intervention efforts might be targeted to lower alcohol-related MV injury.

Predicting survival of victims of motor vehicle crashes in New York State

Injury ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 28 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 607-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward L. Hannan ◽  
Louise Szypulski Farrell ◽  
C. Gene Cayten
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
New York State ◽  
Motor Vehicle Crashes ◽  
Vehicle Crashes ◽  
York State

Characteristics of Agriculture Related Motor Vehicle Crashes in Rural New York State

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-178
Author(s):  
Erika Scott ◽  
Liane Hirabayashi ◽  
Nathan Jones ◽  
Nicole Krupa ◽  
Paul Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
New York State ◽  
Motor Vehicle Crashes ◽  
Vehicle Crashes ◽  
York State

scholarly journals Impact of Extremely Hot Days on Emergency Department Visits for Cardiovascular Disease among Older Adults in New York State

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 2119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengxuan Li ◽  
Benjamin A. Shaw ◽  
Wangjian Zhang ◽  
Elizabeth Vásquez ◽  
Shao Lin
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Emergency Department ◽  
New York ◽  
New York State ◽  
Emergency Department Visits ◽  
York State ◽  
Mean Temperature ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Hot Days ◽  
Ed Visits

Prior studies have reported the impact of ambient heat exposure on heat-related illnesses and mortality in summer, but few have assessed its effect on cardiovascular diseases (CVD) morbidity, and the association difference by demographics and season. This study examined how extremely hot days affected CVD-related emergency department (ED) visits among older adults from 2005–2013 in New York State. A time-stratified case-crossover design was used to assess the heat–CVD association in summer and transitional months (April–May and September–October). Daily mean temperature >95th percentile of regional monthly mean temperature was defined as an extremely hot day. Extremely hot days were found to be significantly associated with increased risk of CVD-related ED visits at lag day 5 (OR: 1.02, 95% CI: 1.01–1.04) and lag day 6 (OR: 1.01, 95% CI: 1.00–1.03) among older adults in summer after controlling for PM2.5 concentration, relative humidity, and barometric pressure. Specifically, there was a 7% increased risk of ischemic heart disease on the day of extreme heat, and increased risks of hypertension (4%) and cardiac dysrhythmias (6%) occurred on lag days 5 and 6, respectively. We also observed large geographic variations in the heat–CVD associations.

Effects of the New York State Concussion Management and Awareness Act (“Lystedt Law”) on Concussion-Related Emergency Health Care Utilization Among Adolescents, 2005-2015

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 396-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Baker ◽  
Erin R. Kulick ◽  
Amelia K. Boehme ◽  
James M. Noble
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
New York ◽  
Health Care Utilization ◽  
Brain Imaging ◽  
New York State ◽  
Care Utilization ◽  
York State ◽  
Concussion Management ◽  
Imaging Utilization ◽  
Ed Visits

Background: All states have enacted legislation addressing the management of sports-related concussions (SRCs) in adolescent athletes. The effect of these laws on health care utilization is uncertain. Hypothesis/Purpose: The purpose was to evaluate the effects of New York’s 2011 Concussion Management and Awareness Act (“Lystedt Law”) on emergency department (ED) concussion health care visits (EDCHVs) and brain imaging utilization. It was hypothesized that New York concussion legislation would have a significant temporal effect on EDCHVs. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods: Using the New York State Department of Health Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System (SPARCS) database, trends in EDCHVs from 2005 to 2015 were identified among 12- to 18-year-old patients, comprising 5,740,403 total ED visits. Results: Overall, 208,024 EDCHVs, including 54,669 for an SRC, occurred during the study period. EDCHVs increased from 13,664 (2.74% of all ED visits) in 2005 to a peak of 21,374 (4.26%) in 2013, with greatest relative increases from 2008 to 2013. SRCs followed a similar trend: 3213 (0.64%) in 2005 to a peak of 6197 (1.24%) in 2013. Brain imaging utilization decreased by 5.3% for EDCHVs and 15.4% for SRCs (all comparisons year-by-year and for trends; P < .001). Conclusion: The period of greatest increases in EDCHVs and decreases in brain imaging utilization for SRCs preceded New York concussion legislation by several years, suggesting a minimal direct effect on emergency care–seeking behavior for concussions. Instead, increased public awareness of SRCs and imaging guidelines may have driven EDCHV trends and imaging practices.

A Department of Motor Vehicle–Based Intervention to Promote Organ Donor Registrations in New York State

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Hugh Feeley ◽  
Ashley E. Anker ◽  
Melanie Evans ◽  
Tobias Reynolds-Tylus
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Organ Donation ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
New York State ◽  
Organ Donor ◽  
Educational Training ◽  
Project Staff ◽  
York State ◽  
Additional Education ◽  
Vehicle Transactions

Context: Examination of efficacy of motor vehicle representative educational training and dissemination of promotional materials as a means to promote organ donation enrollments in New York State. Objective: To increase the number of New York State residents who consent to donation through the department of motor vehicle transactions during project period. Setting: County-run motor vehicle offices across New York State. Participants: Customers who present to New York Department of Motor Vehicle offices and the representative who work at designated bureaus. Interventions: point-of-decision materials including promotional posters, brochures, website, and the motor vehicle representative training sessions. Main Outcome Measures: Reasons for enrollment decision, knowledge/experience with donation, monthly consent rates, enrollment in state organ, and tissue registry. Results: Customers who elected not to register reported no reason or uncertainty surrounding enrollment. The representatives reported experience with donation, discussion with customers, and need for additional education on organ donation. Enrollment cards were mailed to 799 project staff; counties where offices participated in intervention did not indicate significantly higher monthly enrollments when comparing pre- to postenrollment rates. Conclusions: Use of point-of-decision materials and enrollment cards proved inexpensive method to register customers with a 3.6% return rate. Customers report low (27%) enrollment rate and reticence to consent to donation. Educational training sessions with representatives did not yield significant enrollment increases when evaluating data at county-level enrollment.

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