scholarly journals Death as attraction: the role of travel medicine and psychological travel health care in ‘dark tourism’

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irmgard L. Bauer
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Travel Medicine ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Multidisciplinary Research ◽  
Dark Tourism ◽  
Travel Health ◽  
Important Input ◽  
The One

AbstractStill an evolving field in travel medicine, psychological travel health has not yet been linked to tourist products that may affect travellers’ mental wellbeing. Dark tourism, the travel to sites linked to death, atrocities and suffering, is a product that, on the one hand, attracts people with a keen interest in death-related attractions and, on the other hand, may inflict psychological scars. Of particular concern are travellers with undiagnosed or diagnosed mental illness.This is the first article bringing travel medicine and dark tourism together. Understanding dark tourism is crucial to appreciate the wide variety of potential stimuli leading to anything from amusement to travel-related psychoses. Travellers’ motivations for and emotional responses to visits of ‘dark’ sites provide an important input into individually tailored psychological pre and post-travel health care. Relevant recommendations include suggestions for education, clinical practice and much needed further multidisciplinary research.

THE ROLE OF THE PEDIATRICIAN AS OMBUDSMAN IN THE HEALTH CARE OF THE YOUNG HANDICAPPED CHILD

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 916-922
Author(s):  
Constance U. Battle
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Handicapped Child ◽  
Craniofacial Malformations ◽  
Primary Position ◽  
Total Care ◽  
The One

Using the care of children with craniofacial malformations as an illustrative example, it is the purpose of this paper to suggest that the pediatrician is the logical person to serve as ombudsman for the handicapped child. The organization of treatment, and indeed, of daily life, for such a child and his family has such numerous and such complex ramifications that it demands the direction of the one individual with knowledge and interest in the overall problems of the child as a person and his family. The child's medical care, and ultimately the child himself, becomes fragmented and lost among the various specialties evaluating and treating him unless the pediatrician is diagnosing, organizing, selecting, interpreting, integrating, and implementing the total care. By accepting this responsibility, the pediatrician rightfully assumes a primary position rather than the secondary or even forgotten one he has sometimes unfortunately occupied.

The Role of Humanoid Robotics in Health Care System

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Bittmann
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
The Other ◽  
Humanoid Robotics ◽  
New Developments ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
Care System

In Japan, new developments in the field of robotics are being received with interest and enthusiasm by the population and used in everyday life. This can be explained on the one hand by a long tradition of stories that report positively on artificial servants for humans. These stories continue into modern manga comics. Robots take on positive roles, expanding the capabilities of humans and being of service to them. On the other hand, Japanese religions and philosophies such as Buddhism and Shintoism influence attitudes towards robots.

scholarly journals Pre-travel health care attendance among migrant travellers visiting friends and relatives (VFR): a 10-year retrospective analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pietro Ferrara ◽  
Cristina Masuet-Aumatell ◽  
Josep Maria Ramon-Torrell
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Travel Medicine ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Malaria Prevention ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Vaccination Rates ◽  
Travel Health ◽  
Health Advice ◽  
Visiting Friends And Relatives

Abstract Background Travellers visiting friends and relatives (VFR) define a specific population of travellers exposed to higher risks for health and safety than tourists. The aim of this study was to assess differentials in pre-travel health care in VFR travellers compared to other travellers. Methods A retrospective cohort study was performed including attendees of the Travel Medicine Clinic of the Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain, between January 2007 and December 2017. Results Over the 10-year period, 47,022 subjects presented to the travel clinic for pre-travel health care, 13.7% of whom were VFR travellers. These showed higher rates of vaccination against yellow fever and meningococcus, but lower rates for hepatitis A, hepatitis B, influenza, rabies, cholera, polio, typhoid IM vaccine and tetanus vaccine boosters. Regarding malaria prevention measures, results highlighted that VFR travellers, when compared with tourists, were more likely to be prescribed with chemoprophylaxis, particularly with mefloquine, than with atovaquone/proguanil. Conclusions Findings from this large-scale study indicated differences in vaccination rates and completion, as well as in chemoprophylaxis for malaria, between VFR and non-VFR travellers, fostering specific interventions for promoting adherence to pre-travel health advice among migrant travellers.

scholarly journals Characteristics and preparation of the last-minute traveler: analysis of vaccine usage in the Global TravEpiNet Consortium

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Johnnie A Yates ◽  
Sowmya R Rao ◽  
Allison Taylor Walker ◽  
Douglas H Esposito ◽  
Mark Sotir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Japanese Encephalitis ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Travel Medicine ◽  
Late Presentation ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Clinical Practices ◽  
Travel Health ◽  
Insufficient Time

Abstract Background Last-minute travellers (LMTs) present challenges for health care providers because they may have insufficient time for recommended vaccinations or pre-travel preparation. Our objective was to obtain a better understanding of LMTs in order to help travel medicine providers develop improved strategies to decrease the number of LMTs and potentially reduce travel-related morbidity. Methods We defined LMTs as travellers with a departure date of 7 days or fewer from the medical encounter. We analysed the characteristics and health preparation of 12 494 LMTs who presented to a network of US clinical practices for pre-travel health advice between January 2009 and December 2015. Results LMTs comprised 16% of all travellers. More LMTs than non-LMTs travelled for business or to visit friends and relatives (VFR) (26% vs 16% and 15% vs 8%, respectively; P < 0.0001). More LMTs also travelled for longer than 1 month (27% vs 21%; P < 0.0001) and visited only urban areas (40% vs 29%; P < 0.0001). At least one travel vaccine was deferred by 18% of LMTs because of insufficient time before departure. Vaccines that required multiple vaccinations, such as Japanese encephalitis and rabies, were the most likely to be deferred because of time constraints. Conclusion Interventions to improve the timing of pre-travel health consultations should be developed, particularly for business and VFR travellers. Recently endorsed accelerated vaccine schedules for Japanese encephalitis and rabies may help some LMTs receive protection against these infections despite late presentation for pre-travel health care.

Management in medicine or medics in management? The changing role of doctors in German hospitals

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 395-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingo Bode ◽  
Markus Maerker
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Contingency Theory ◽  
The Other ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Economic Knowledge ◽  
Hospital System ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The One ◽  
Changing Role

Purpose – Internationally, management in medicine has become a topical issue in health care research and policy. Against this background, the purpose of this paper is to examine the changing role of doctors in the management of German hospitals. Design/methodology/approach – The paper is based on a literature review on the one hand, explorative research drawing on field document and expert interviews, on the other. In the light of basic assumptions of neo-institutionalist and contingency theory, major developments regarding the relationship between medicine and management in Germany are sketched. Findings – In the German health care sector, the importance of management in medicine is generally increasing, with more managerial (administrative) functions included in the clinicians’ activity. However, the current situation proves complex. On the one hand, there is more management within medicine, materializing, e.g. in further education schemes embracing economic training or in a general expectation that physicians striving for higher ranks within a hospital's hierarchy should exhibit economic knowledge. On the other hand, the authors see a hesitant attitude of the medical profession toward a greater involvement in management. In addition, policies of hospital owners affecting management roles prove diverse. They range from organizing medical departments as autonomous profit centers to ensuring strong hierarchical control by top management, with this entailing different demands regarding a doctor's managerial skills. Due to the advent of powerful non-clinician managers in part of the sector, moreover, medics are losing influence at top level. Altogether, there seems to be a polarization within the hospital system concerning the role of doctors in hospital management. This, to some extent, sits uneasy with key propositions from neo-institutionalist and contingency theory. Originality/value – The paper retraces general developments concerning the involvement of German hospital doctors in management. Given the paucity of research in this field, it provides preliminary insights on the dynamics that influence the way and degree of this involvement. The major result is that there is structural polarization within an environment which, though streamlining both institutional mind-maps and organizational structures, leaves considerable discretion to the organizational level.

Foregrounding Context in Action

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Sue Dopson ◽  
Ninna Meier
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Health Care Research ◽  
Research Process ◽  
The Other ◽  
Theoretical Construct ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Organization And Management ◽  
The One

The purpose of this book is to provide an exploration of the role of context and action in the broader field of organization and management theory, illustrated by examples from health care research. In their own right, both context and action are essential theoretical concepts rooted in philosophical reflections. Moreover, they pose potential methodological challenges to research in the fields of organization and management. The context–action relationship deals with issues relating to questions such as what is organizational change and how can we study it empirically? How are macro- and microlevel events or actions connected, and how do they influence and co-constitute each other through their relationships across analytical levels? The book distinguishes between context as a theoretical construct, on the one hand, and as methodological approach (i.e., how we operationalize and use the concept in the research process) on the other.

Creating Practice Guidelines: The Dangers of Over-Reliance on Expert Judgment

1995 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert L. Kane
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Practice Guidelines ◽  
The United States ◽  
International Standards ◽  
General Level ◽  
The Press ◽  
The One ◽  
Effective Health Care

Discussions about the role of practice guidelines and the strength of the evidence on which they are based should begin with a set of more basic questions: What is the function of such guidelines and what forces shape their use?At least two forces can be seen behind the press for guidelines. On the one hand, guidelines can be used to improve the quality of care by raising the general level of practice to meet at least the standards set by experts. At the other, they become vehicles for cost containment.By international standards, the United States spends a disproportionate share of its gross domestic product on health care. The majority of spending increases are traceable to the growth in technology. Whether couched as a concern that resources could be better used to provide other parts of the population with more effective health care or as a general concern that money spent on health might be better used for other social goods, a notion exists that less is better.

Reactions of Those Who Treat Children with Cancer

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1967 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 507-510
Author(s):  
Michael B. Rothenberg
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Children With Cancer ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Practical Nurses ◽  
Successful Resolution ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Care Worker

IT IS MY impression that the reactions of those who treat or otherwise work with children who are dying of cancer or other fatal illnesses develop from a core conflict within each worker. This conflict arises because two powerful and normal, but antithetical emotional responses are elicited simultaneously when one is involved with the care of the dying—or even possibly dying—child. On the one hand, there is the response of compassion which produces the impulse to move toward the child with aid and comfort at every level. On the other hand, there is the response of repulsion by the threat of death which produces the impulse to move away from the dying child in order to begin to protect oneself from the impending shock of separation and loss. The degree of success with which this conflict is resolved determines the degree of success of the individual health care worker in providing comprehensive care for the child with cancer. Before discussing some suggested ways to approach a successful resolution of this conflict, I should like to outline some of the more common feelings and reactions of those who treat children with cancer which may interfere with such a resolution. All those who have chosen the provision of health care services to the sick as their vocation—be they physicians; nurses; practical nurses; nurses' aides; occupational, physical, or recreational therapists; or medical social workers—have in common the desire to help sick people get well. One may ask why one should find it necessary to make such a blatantly obvious statement.

scholarly journals COVID-19 and the Dreads of Hospitalization: Connecting With a Recollection of Memories As a Patient of Dengue Fever

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 237437352198991
Author(s):  
Saad Arslan Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Health Care Policy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Design Quality ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Outdoor Spaces ◽  
The One

I have spent a considerable time in visiting and even staying at various hospitals since my childhood. With many of the memories still intact, the one encounter whose mark is an enduring one in my mind is when I caught dengue fever and was admitted to a public hospital. During this stay, I remember largely being restless inside my room. However, visiting an outdoor ground near my ward was always a rejuvenating experience and made me feel stronger and better. It was during that time when I truly realized the significance of indoor as well as outdoor design quality of health care buildings and how they impact the well-being of their users. To say the least, that short stay at the hospital was one of the major reasons that why for my graduate and undergraduate theses, I chose to explore the role of well-designed and accessible outdoor spaces especially gardens in health care buildings for promoting mental as well as physical health and well-being among users. Presently, as we steer through a deadly pandemic, my own experiences from this hospital stay makes me want to reflect back and reemphasize on why there is a need for health care policy makers and relevant governmental bodies to strategize and prioritize long-term goals for implementing measures such as evidence-based design considerations of hospitals, especially in developing countries, and to promote accessible, inclusive, and safe healing spaces where patients may leave with positive experiences instead of negative reminiscences and where the staff can also use these spaces for respite.

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