scholarly journals Management of barley net blotch using Trichoderma asperellum (T34), eugenol, non-traditional compounds and fungicides

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaser Hafez ◽  
Amr Abdelfatah ◽  
Faten El-Nashar ◽  
Mahmoud Badr ◽  
Sayed Elkady
Keyword(s):  
Research Study ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Net Blotch ◽  
Lower Efficiency ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Drechslera Teres ◽  
Endogenous Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Biological Compounds ◽  
Control Disease ◽  
Barley Net Blotch

AbstractBarley plants (cv. Giza 2000) are infected by Drechslera teres which causes net blotch disease symptoms and yield losses. Plants were treated with commercial molecular products such as Trichoderma asperilium (T34), eugenol compared to non-traditional compounds (potassium silicate, nano-selenium) and fungicides (Maven, Montoro, and Decent) which selected from 12 treatments according to their important effects on infected barley plants. Bio-arc, Tilt, Rush up, Curve, and Amisto treatments were left out because of their lower efficiency of some treatments and similarity of the active ingredients of some other of them.Disease severity (%) was significantlty decreased as a result of the selected treatments, except eugenol which showed less reduction than the control. Disease symptoms were suppressed and electrolyte leakage % was reduced significantly due to all treatments than the control treatment. As a consequence of treatments, endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide (O2−) was significantly elevated early after the inoculation, consequently, later on catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POX), and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activities were increased significantly than the control. Elevated levels of O2− early after inoculation could play essential role in killing or suppressing the fungus and inhibiting disease symptoms as well as stimulated enzyme activities. Interestingly, the treatments were effective so that the yield characters (1000 K.W. and grain yield/plo) were increased significantly than the control treatment. These results indicated that the biological commercial product of Trichoderma asperilium 34 and non-traditional biological compounds in this research study are so effective and could be used as an alternative to fungicides.

Effect of Four Fungicides on Barley Net Blotch Caused by Drechslera teres

1995 ◽  
Vol 143 (6) ◽  
pp. 335-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Toubia-Rahme ◽  
D-E. Ali-Haimoud ◽  
G. Barrault ◽  
L. Albertini
Keyword(s):  
Net Blotch ◽  
Drechslera Teres ◽  
Barley Net Blotch

INHERITANCE OF RESISTANCE TO NET BLOTCH IN BARLEY. I. FACTORS AFFECTING THE PENETRANCE AND EXPRESSIVITY OF GENE(S) CONDITIONING HOST RESISTANCE

1969 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 587-591 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. N. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Net Blotch ◽  
Host Reaction ◽  
Susceptible Parent ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Drechslera Teres ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
High Level

Variability in the host-reaction of barley to infection by Drechslera teres was examined in the parents and progeny of selected crosses under different environmental conditions of testing.The Ethiopian variety C.I. 5791 exhibits a consistently high level of resistance under a range of environmental conditions, which is in contrast to the Manchurian variety C.I. 2330. The sensitivity of the genes for resistance possessed by these varieties to environmental modifications is considered to depend upon their respective genetic backgrounds. Furthermore, variability of host reaction in the progeny of these resistant varieties was shown to be influenced by the genetic background of the susceptible parent used.The implications of these findings in the conduct and interpretation of genetic studies and in backcross breeding programs is discussed.

scholarly journals Environmentally Induced Variability in the Host Reaction of Barley to Net Blotch

1969 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 1237 ◽  
Author(s):  
TN Khan ◽  
WJR Boyd
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Susceptible Variety ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Net Blotch ◽  
Host Reaction ◽  
Drechslera Teres ◽  
Resistant Varieties

The host reaction of two Ethiopian and four Manchurian resistant varieties, and one susceptible variety of barley to isolate 177 of Drechslera teres was studied under a range of environmental conditions. The effects were specific to the variety(ies) used, with the exception of the factor of post-inoculation temperature. High post-inoculation temperatures brought about the breakdown of resistance in all the varieties.

Further studies on epidemiological factors influencing control of banana bunchy top disease and evaluation of control measures by computer simulation

1987 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 373
Author(s):  
RN Allen
Keyword(s):  
Disease Control ◽  
Control Measure ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Control Disease ◽  
Banana Leaves ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Apparently Healthy

The basic infection rate of bunchy top disease in established bananas averaged 0.0342 new infections per infectious plant per day, but varied seasonally with a maximum in summer. The mean distance of spread for the aphid vector was 15.2 m. The latent period was 59.8 days and correlated with the time required for the growth of 3.7 new banana leaves. A microcomputer program was written to simulate spread of banana bunchy top disease in space and time. In the absence of disease control, disease spread from an initial primary infection in July or January to 124 or 153 infected plants, respectively, in one year. When disease control was maintained by removing diseased plants whenever the number of infected plants exceeded a given threshold, the numbers of diseased plants detected each inspection were positively correlated with the infection threshold, but the numbers of inspections required to maintain control increased markedly as the infection threshold was decreased. A practice of removing apparently healthy plants within 5 m of plants detected with bunchy top disease symptoms in five or more leaves was found to locate about 30% of the remaining undetected infected plants when disease was first detected in a plantation. However, its use as a routine control measure was ineffective in reducing the number of inspections required to maintain control or in reducing the risk of disease spreading to adjoining plantations. Removal of apparently healthy plants within 5 m had some bearing on disease control when applied around plants with disease symptoms in two leaves or less, but also caused a significant loss of healthy plants.

Growth ofPyrenophora teres in plantaduring barley net blotch disease

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damien J. Lightfoot ◽  
Amanda J. Able
Keyword(s):  
Net Blotch ◽  
Barley Net Blotch

scholarly journals Low-Temperature Isolation of Disease-Suppressive Bacteria and Characterization of a Distinctive Group of Pseudomonads

2003 ◽  
Vol 69 (11) ◽  
pp. 6464-6474 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Maria Johansson ◽  
Sandra A. I. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Fusarium Culmorum ◽  
Wheat Seedling ◽  
Morphological Group ◽  
Drechslera Teres ◽  
Barley Net Blotch ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT The influence of environmental factors during isolation on the composition of potential biocontrol isolates is largely unknown. Bacterial isolates that efficiently suppressed wheat seedling blight caused by Fusarium culmorum were found by isolating psychrotrophic, root-associated bacteria and by screening them in a bioassay that mimicked field conditions. The impact of individual isolation factors on the disease-suppressive index (DSI) of almost 600 isolates was analyzed. The bacteria originated from 135 samples from 62 sites in Sweden and Switzerland. The isolation factors that increased the probability of finding isolates with high DSIs were sampling from arable land, Swiss origin of samples, and origination of isolates from plants belonging to the family Brassicaceae. The colony morphology of the isolates was characterized and compared to DSIs, which led to identification of a uniform morphological group containing 57 highly disease-suppressive isolates. Isolates in this group were identified as Pseudomonas sp.; they were fluorescent on King's medium B and had characteristic crystalline structures in their colonies. These isolates were morphologically similar to seven strains that had previously been selected for suppression of barley net blotch caused by Drechslera teres. Members of this morphological group grow at 1.5°C and produce an antifungal polyketide (2,3-deepoxy-2,3-didehydrorhizoxin [DDR]). They have similar two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis protein profiles, phenotypic characteristics, and in vitro inhibition spectra of pathogens. In summary, in this paper we describe some isolation factors that are important for obtaining disease-suppressive bacteria in our system, and we describe a novel group of biocontrol pseudomonads.

scholarly journals Profile of the in vitro secretome of the barley net blotch fungus, Pyrenophora teres f. teres

2020 ◽  
Vol 109 ◽  
pp. 101451 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Jordi Muria-Gonzalez ◽  
Katherine G. Zulak ◽  
Eef Allegaert ◽  
Richard P. Oliver ◽  
Simon R. Ellwood
Keyword(s):  
Pyrenophora Teres ◽  
Net Blotch ◽  
Barley Net Blotch

COMPARISON OF THE EFFECTS OF NET BLOTCH AND LEAF REMOVAL ON YIELD IN BARLEY

1969 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 731-735 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Piening ◽  
M. L. Kaufmann
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Causal Agent ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Leaf Removal ◽  
Net Blotch ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Leaf Clipping ◽  
Drechslera Teres ◽  
Time Required

Experiments were conducted in a growth cabinet to compare yield losses in barley caused by partial defoliation and foliar infection by Drechslera teres, the causal agent of net blotch. When Gateway barley was grown under a low fertilizer regime, infection of lower leaves caused greater yield reductions than the removal of comparable leaves. In contrast, infection or removal of upper leaves reduced yields to about the same extent. Under a higher fertilizer regime, yield reductions from infection or defoliation were about equal (14%). These losses were considerably lower than those from plants on the low fertility regime and were similar to those caused by net blotch in the field.In leaf clipping experiments, root weights and yields were reduced proportionately to the amount of leaf tissue removed. The time required to head was also increased with increasing amounts of leaf clipping.

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