scholarly journals Comparative effects of crop residue incorporation and inorganic potassium fertilization on soil C and N characteristics and microbial activities in cotton field

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei HU ◽  
Ning SUI ◽  
Chaoran YU ◽  
Changqin YANG ◽  
Ruixian LIU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Crop Residue ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Microbial Activities ◽  
Soil C ◽  
K Fertilizer ◽  
Soil C And N ◽  
C And N ◽  
Residue Incorporation ◽  
Crop Residue Incorporation

Abstract Background Crop residue incorporation into the soil is an effective method to augment soil potassium (K) content, and effects of crop residue and K fertilizer on soil K balance have been compared. However, their influences on other soil characteristics such as carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) characteristics and microbial activities have not been quantified. To address this, field experiments were conducted in 2011 at Dafeng (sandy loam) and Nanjing (clay loam) in China with treatments including blank control without crop residue incorporation and K fertilizer application, 0.9 t·ha− 1 wheat straw incorporation (W1C0), 0.7 t·ha− 1 cotton residue incorporation (W0C1), 0.9 t·ha− 1 wheat straw + 0.7 t·ha− 1 cotton residue incorporation (W1C1) and two K fertilizer rates (150 and 300 kg·ha− 1(K2O)) during the cotton season. Results Compared with control, K fertilizer treatments did not alter soil water-soluble organic carbon/soil organic carbon (WSOC/SOC) ratio, microbial biomass carbon (MBC)/SOC ratio, MBC/microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN) ratio, water inorganic nitrogen/total nitrogen ratio (WIN/TN), the number of cellulose-decomposing bacteria, or related enzymes activities, however, W0C1, W1C0 and W1C1 treatments significantly increased WSOC/SOC ratio, MBC/SOC ratio and MBC/ MBN ratio, and decreased WIN/TN ratio at both sites. W0C1, W1C0 and W1C1 treatments also increased the number of soil cellulose-decomposing bacteria and activities of cellulase, β-glucosidase and arylamidase. Regarding different crop residue treatments, W1C0 and W1C1 treatments had more significant influences on above mentioned parameters than W0C1 treatment. Moreover, MBC/MBN ratio was the most important factor to result in the differences in the number of cellulose-decomposing bacteria and soil enzymes activities among different treatments. Conclusions Short-term K fertilizer application doesn’t affect soil C and N availability and microbial activities. However, crop residue incorporation alters soil C and N characteristics and microbial activities, and the influence of wheat straw is much stronger than that of cotton straw.

Conventionally Tilled and Permanent Raised Beds with Different Crop Residue Management: Effects on Soil C and N Dynamics

2006 ◽  
Vol 280 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 143-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Govaerts ◽  
K. D. Sayre ◽  
J. M. Ceballos-Ramirez ◽  
M. L. Luna-Guido ◽  
A. Limon-Ortega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Residue ◽  
Residue Management ◽  
N Dynamics ◽  
Crop Residue Management ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Soil C And N ◽  
C And N ◽  
Management Effects ◽  
C And N Dynamics

scholarly journals Modelling nitrous oxide (N2O) emission from rice field in impacts of farming practices: A case study in Duy Xuyen district, Quang Nam province (Central Vietnam)

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 223-228
Author(s):  
Duc Minh Ngo ◽  
Van Trinh Mai ◽  
Dang Hoa Tran ◽  
Trong Nghia Hoang ◽  
Manh Khai Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Crop Residue ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
N2o Emission ◽  
N2o Emissions ◽  
Farming Practices ◽  
Residue Incorporation ◽  
Crop Residue Incorporation

Nitrous oxide (N2O) emisison from paddy soil via the soil nitrification and denitrification processes makes an important contribution to atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations. The soil N2O emission processes are controlled not only by biological, physical and chemical factors but also by farming practices. In recent years, modeling approach has become popular to predict and estimate greenhouse gas fluxes from field studies. In this study, the DeNitrification–DeComposition (DNDC) model were calibrated and tested by incorporating experimental data with the local climate, soil properties and farming management, for its simulation applicability for the irrigated rice system in Duy Xuyen district, a delta lowland area of Vu Gia-Thu Bon River Basin regions. The revised DNDC was then used to quantitatively estimate N2O emissions from rice fields under a range of three management farming practices (water management, crop residue incorporation and nitrogen fertilizer application rate). Results from the simulations indicated that (1) N2O emissions were significantly affected by water management practices; (2) increases in temperature, total fertilizer N input substantially increased N2O emissions. Finally, five 50-year scenarios were simulated with DNDC to predict their long-term impacts on crop yield and N2O emissions. The modelled results suggested that implementation of manure amendment or crop residue incorporation instead of increased nitrogen fertilizer application rates would more efficiently mitigate N2O emissions from the tested rice-based system. Phát thải nitơ ôxít (N2O) từ canh tác lúa nước (thông qua quá trình nitrat hóa và phản nitrat hóa) đóng góp đáng kể vào tổng lượng khí nhà kính có nguồn gốc từ sản xuất nông nghiệp. Quá trình phát thải N2O là không chỉ phụ thuộc vào các yếu tố sinh-lý-hóa học mà còn phụ thuộc các phương pháp canh tác. Trong những năm gần đây, việc ứng dụng mô hình hóa nhằm tính toán và ước lượng sự phát thải khí nhà kính ngày càng trở lên phổ biến. Trong nghiên cứu này, số liệu quan trắc từ thí nghiệm đồng ruộng và dữ liệu về đất đai, khí hậu, biện pháp canh tác được sử dụng để kiểm nghiệm và phân tích độ nhạy của mô hình DNDC (mô hình sinh địa hóa). Sau đó, mô hình được sử dụng để tính toán lượng N2O phát thải trong canh tác lúa nước dưới các phương thức canh tác khác nhau (về chế độ tưới, mức độ vùi phụ phẩm, bón phân hữu cơ, phân đạm) tại huyện Duy Xuyên, thuộc vùng đồng bằng thấp của lưu vực sông Vu Gia-Thu Bồn. Kết quả kiểm định chỉ ra rằng (1) sự phát thải N2O bị ảnh hưởng đáng kể do sự thay đổi chế độ tưới; (2) nhiệt độ tăng và lượng phân bón N tăng sẽ làm tăng phát thải N2O. Kết quả mô phỏng về tác động lâu dài (trong 50 năm) của các yếu tố đến năng suất cây trồng và phát thải N2O cho thấy: Việc sử dụng phân hữu cơ và phụ phẩm nông nghiệp thay thế cho việc bón phân đạm sẽ giúp giảm phát thải N2O đáng kể.

Fertilizer N, Crop Residue, and Tillage Alter Soil C and N Content in a Decade

2018 ◽  
pp. 93-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Nyborg ◽  
E.D. Solberg ◽  
S.S. Malhi ◽  
R.C. Izaurralde
Keyword(s):  
Crop Residue ◽  
Fertilizer N ◽  
N Content ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Soil C And N ◽  
C And N

Comparative effects of crop residue incorporation and inorganic potassium fertilisation on apparent potassium balance and soil potassium pools under a wheat–cotton system

Soil Research ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (8) ◽  
pp. 723 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Sui ◽  
Chaoran Yu ◽  
Guanglei Song ◽  
Fan Zhang ◽  
Ruixian Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Crop Residue ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
K Uptake ◽  
Crop Straw ◽  
Initial Soil ◽  
Residue Incorporation ◽  
Crop Residue Incorporation ◽  
K Release

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of consecutive crop residue incorporation and potassium (K) fertilisation on plant–soil K balance, K forms, K release and K fixation capacity under wheat–cotton rotation at Nanjing and Dafeng in China. Six treatments were evaluated: control (without K input), wheat straw at 0.9tha–1, cotton residue at 0.7tha–1, wheat straw and cotton residue at the aforementioned rates, and 150 and 300kg ha–1 fertiliser K. Treatments in each rotation year had an identical rate of nitrogen and phosphate fertiliser application. The initial soil K content was higher in Dafeng than Nanjing. In the low K content soil of Nanjing, crop K uptake with double crop straw was significantly higher than that under single crop straw return or inorganic fertiliser, and K uptake increased with increasing K inputs. Only double crop straw or 300kg ha–1 fertiliser K treatments reached apparent K balance in Nanjing, but not in Dafeng. The high negative K balance resulted from the elevated K removal by crops in Dafeng. Incorporation of double crop residues favoured accumulation of different forms of K. Application of K fertiliser tended to increase soil water-soluble K, and crop residue incorporation greatly improved non-exchangeable K at a depth of 0–20cm. Similar to K fertiliser, crop residue incorporation significantly increased soil K release and decreased K fixation at both sites. In summary, in a 3-year field experiment, crop residue incorporation and inorganic K fertilisation had similar effects on soil K pools and balance depending on initial soil K level and actual K input.

SOIL C AND N AS INDICATORS OF VINEYARD SOIL QUALITY IN THE RAVNI KOTARI REGION OF CROATIA

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia C. Clemens ◽  
◽  
Mia Brkljaca ◽  
Delaina Pearson ◽  
C. Brannon Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Soil Quality ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Vineyard Soil ◽  
Soil C And N ◽  
C And N

scholarly journals Spatially Related Sampling Uncertainty in the Assessment of Labile Soil Carbon and Nitrogen in an Irish Forest Plantation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 2139
Author(s):  
Junliang Zou ◽  
Bruce Osborne
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Sampling Effort ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Sampling Area ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Soil C And N ◽  
C And N ◽  
Highly Correlated

The importance of labile soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) in soil biogeochemical processes is now well recognized. However, the quantification of labile soil C and N in soils and the assessment of their contribution to ecosystem C and N budgets is often constrained by limited information on spatial variability. To address this, we examined spatial variability in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and dissolved total nitrogen (DTN) in a Sitka spruce forest in central Ireland. The results showed moderate variations in the concentrations of DOC and DTN based on the mean, minimum, and maximum, as well as the coefficients of variation. Residual values of DOC and DTN were shown to have moderate spatial autocorrelations, and the nugget sill ratios were 0.09% and 0.10%, respectively. Distribution maps revealed that both DOC and DTN concentrations in the study area decreased from the southeast. The variability of both DOC and DTN increased as the sampling area expanded and could be well parameterized as a power function of the sampling area. The cokriging technique performed better than the ordinary kriging for predictions of DOC and DTN, which are highly correlated. This study provides a statistically based assessment of spatial variations in DOC and DTN and identifies the sampling effort required for their accurate quantification, leading to improved assessments of forest ecosystem C and N budgets.

Impacts of irrigation on soil C and N stocks in grazed grasslands depends on aridity and irrigation duration

Geoderma ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 399 ◽  
pp. 115109
Author(s):  
Paul L. Mudge ◽  
Jamie Millar ◽  
Jack Pronger ◽  
Alesha Roulston ◽  
Veronica Penny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil C ◽  
Soil C And N ◽  
C And N

scholarly journals C and N urban soil budget and its spatial differentiation in comparison with natural areas in the Wroclaw region of Poland

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 00085
Author(s):  
Izabela Sówka ◽  
Yaroslav Bezyk ◽  
Maxim Dorodnikov
Keyword(s):  
Urban Soil ◽  
Spatial Differentiation ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Microbial Biomass C ◽  
Natural Areas ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Soil C And N ◽  
C And N ◽  
Natural Grassland

An assessment of C and N balance in urban soil compared to the natural environment was carried out to evaluate the influence of biological processes along with human-induced forcing. Soil C and N stocks were quantified on the samples (n=18) collected at 5 - 10 cm depth from dominated green areas and arable lands in the city of Wroclaw (Poland) and the relatively natural grassland located ca. 36 km south-west. Higher soil carbon and nitrogen levels (C/N ratio = 11.8) and greater microbial biomass C and N values (MBC = 95.3, MBN = 14.4 mg N kg-1) were measured in natural grassland compared with the citywide lawn sites (C/N ratio = 15.17, MBC = 84.3 mg C kg-1, MBN = 11.9 mg N kg-1), respectively. In contrast to the natural areas, the higher C and N concentration was measured in urban grass dominated soils (C = 2.7 % and N = 0.18 % of dry mass), which can be explained mainly due to the high soil bulk density and water holding capacity (13.8 % clay content). The limited availability of soil C and N content was seen under the arable soil (C = 1.23 %, N = 0.13 %) than in the studied grasslands. In fact, the significantly increased C/N ratios in urban grasslands are largely associated with land conversion and demonstrate that urban soils have the potential to be an important reservoir of C.

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