scholarly journals Pharmacodynamic findings for the usefulness of Luffa cylindrica (L.) leaves in atherosclerosis therapy with supporting antioxidant potential

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Poonam Raut ◽  
Shashikant Dhawale ◽  
Deepak Kulkarni ◽  
Sanjay Pekamwar ◽  
Santosh Shelke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Low Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Peroxide Radical ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Luffa Cylindrica ◽  
Antihyperlipidemic Activity ◽  
Triton X

Abstract Background Luffa cylindrica (L.) is a commonly used vegetable in different parts of Asia. Its fruits are generally used as a vegetable, but pharmacological activities of the leaves were unrevealed. The study evaluated the antihyperlipidemic activity and in vitro antioxidant potential of methanolic extract of Luffa cylindrica (L.) leaves (MELCL). The antihyperlipidemic potential was investigated in Triton X-100-induced hyperlipidemic rats. Animals were pre-treated with Triton X-100 (400 mg/kg). The Triton X-100-treated animals were then treated with MELCL at the doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg using 5% CMC, as a vehicle, per oral (p.o) for 7 days. Antioxidant activity was studied by examining the DPPH and hydrogen peroxide radical scavenging potential of the extract. Results The plasma sample of rats was analyzed, and it was found that MELCL shows significant (p < 0.05) antihyperlipidemic activity at 200 mg/kg of MELCL. Serum analysis showed a marked reduction in the level of multiple biochemicals like total cholesterol (TC) (85.48 ± 3.230 mg/dl), triglycerides (TG) (74.62 ± 8.764 mg/dl), low-density lipoproteins (LDL) (31.97 ± 3.475 mg/dl), very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) (14.92 ± 1.635 mg/dl), and an increase in the level of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) (40.58 ± 1.625 mg/dl). MELCL also showed significant scavenging of DPPH radical (46.66 ± 0.002%) at concentration and hydrogen peroxide radical (47.55 ± 0.001%) at 100 μg/ml. Conclusion Quantitative results of the study showed that MELCL has considerable antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant potential and could be the option for the treatment of atherosclerosis.

Selective uptake of cholesteryl esters from various classes of lipoproteins by HepG2 cells

1999 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Brissette ◽  
Marie-Claude Charest ◽  
Louise Falstrault ◽  
Julie Lafond ◽  
David Rhainds ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Lipid ◽  
Hepg2 Cells ◽  
Ldl Receptor ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Low Density Lipoproteins ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Cholesteryl Esters ◽  
Very Low Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Selective Uptake

Selective uptake of cholesteryl esters (CE) from lipoproteins by cells has been extensively studied with high density lipoproteins (HDL). It is only recently that such a mechanism has been attributed to intermediate and low density lipoproteins (IDL and LDL). Here, we compare the association of proteins and CE from very low density lipoproteins (VLDL), IDL, LDL and HDL3 to HepG2 cells. These lipoproteins were either labelled in proteins with 125I or in CE with 3H-cholesteryl oleate. We show that, at any lipoprotein concentration, protein association to the cells is significantly smaller for IDL, LDL, and HDL3 than CE association, but not for VLDL. At a concentration of 20 µg lipoprotein/mL, these associations reveal CE-selective uptake in the order of 2-, 4-, and 11-fold for IDL, LDL, and HDL3, respectively. These studies reveal that LDL and HDL3 are good selective donors of CE to HepG2 cells, while IDL is a poor donor and VLDL is not a donor. A significant inverse correlation (r2 = 0.973) was found between the total lipid/protein ratios of the four classes of lipoproteins and the extent of CE-selective uptake by HepG2 cells. The fate of 3H-CE of the two best CE donors (LDL and HDL3) was followed in HepG2 cells after 3 h of incubation. Cells were shown to hydrolyze approximately 25% of the 3H-CE of both lipoproteins. However, when the cells were treated with 100 µM of chloroquine, a lysosomotropic agent, 85 and 40% of 3H-CE hydrolysis was lost for LDL and HDL3, respectively. The fate of LDL and HDL3-CE in HepG2 cells deficient in LDL-receptor was found to be the same, indicating that the portion of CE hydrolysis sensitive to chloroquine is not significantly linked to LDL-receptor activity. Thus, in HepG2 cells, the magnitude of CE-selective uptake is inversely correlated with the total lipid/protein ratios of the lipoproteins and CE-selective uptake from the two best CE donors (LDL and HDL3) appears to follow different pathways.Key words: lipoprotein, receptor, HepG2 cell, selective uptake, lipid, cholesterol, binding.

scholarly journals Effect of Various Feed Phosphates on Biochemical Indices of Blood and Mineral Composition of Bones in Finishing Pigs

2010 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zbigniew Dobrzański ◽  
Krystyna Pogoda-Sewerniak ◽  
Szymon Dragan ◽  
Daniel Korniewicz ◽  
Krystyna Hoffmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Dehydrogenase ◽  
Low Density Lipoproteins ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Biochemical Indicators ◽  
Blood Biochemical ◽  
Mineral Components ◽  
Blood Biochemical Indicators ◽  
Biochemical Indices

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of three different chemical feed phosphates on the blood biochemical indicators and the content of main minerals of bones in finishing pigs. Over a period of 85 days of fattening, monocalcium (MCP, Finnish product), dicalcium (DCP, Polish product) and calcium-sodium (CSP, Russian product) phosphates were used in fattener feeding. The feeding was based on standard mixtures of starter, grower and finisher type. Dicalcium phosphate was produced according to the new, pro-ecological technology based on phosphoric acid. The content of Ca, Na, P, solubility of P in citric acid, and the concentration of undesirable substances (As, Cd, F, Hg and Pb) were determined in feed phosphates. At the end of the fattening period, blood was collected from 36 finishing pigs (12 from each group) and the following biochemical indicators were determined in the serum: enzymatic activity of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT), creatine kinase (CK), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), lactic acid (LA); the concentration of total protein, albumins, glucose, urea, creatinine, content of triglycerides, cholesterol and its high density lipoproteins (HDL) and low density lipoproteins (LDL) fractions, and mineral components concentration (Ca, Cl, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Na, P, Zn). Basic macroelement content (Ca, Mg, P) was determined in the thigh bones from 30 pigs (10 from each group). Significant differences (p < 0.05) between groups were observed only in some biochemical indicators, i.e. CK, LDH and LA. The highest content of Ca, Mg and P was found in the bones of pigs fed mixtures supplemented with DCP which indicates improved bioavailability of main macroelements from that phosphate.

High-density lipoproteins protect endothelial cells from apoptosis induced by oxidized low-density lipoproteins

PROTOPLASMA ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 211 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 198-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Blanco-Molina ◽  
D. Mart�n-Escalante ◽  
D. Bravo ◽  
J. A. Gonz�lez-Reyes ◽  
J. L�pez-Miranda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Low Density Lipoproteins ◽  
High Density ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Oxidized Low Density Lipoproteins

Comparison of the effects of escitalopram and atorvastatin on diet-induced atherosclerosis in rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 226-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amina Unis ◽  
Amany Abdelbary ◽  
Manal Hamza
Keyword(s):  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Low Density Lipoproteins ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Model Group ◽  
Very Low Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Atorvastatin Group ◽  
Atherosclerotic Changes

Atherosclerosis is one of the most common disorders among the elderly. Depression may be associated with the development of atherosclerosis. Thus, the aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the effects of escitalopram (a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor) with atorvastatin (a well known antihyperlipidemic drug) on high fat diet induced atherosclerosis in rats. The results of this study showed that the administration of either escitalopram or atorvastatin for 6 weeks was associated with a significant decrease in serum levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoproteins, very low density lipoproteins, and serum malondialdehyde, and a significant increase in high density lipoproteins when compared with the atherosclerosis model group. Histopathological examination of the aortas from the test rats revealed significant regression of atherosclerotic changes, together with a significant decrease in vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) expression in the media of both the escitalopram group and the atorvastatin group when compared with the atherosclerosis model group. This study has shown that escitalopram reduced atherosclerotic changes, thus its use as an antidepressant in elderly patients should be considered.

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