A METHOD OF DETERMINING THE TIME BREAK ON DEEP SEA SEISMIC RECORDS FROM THE WATER SOUND ARRIVALS

Geophysics ◽  
1944 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-174
Author(s):  
W. B. Agocs
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Water Wave ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Ocean Bottom ◽  
Linear Variation ◽  
Abrupt Changes ◽  
Lateral Distance ◽  
Seismic Records ◽  
First Arrival ◽  
Depth Curve

A method is presented whereby, through the use of the direct water wave first arrival from a shot fired on the ocean bottom, and the first and second reflections of sound from the surface of the sea, the following data may be obtained: (1) the ratio of the depth of the shot below the surface of the sea to the lateral distance between the shot and detector; (2) the lateral distance between the shot and the detector at the bottom of the sea; and finally, (3) the time of detonation or the time break in terms of the time scale of the detecting recorder. The velocity of sound in sea water shows a linear variation of the velocity with depth in definite zones with rather abrupt changes in slope of the velocity‐depth curve from zone to zone. Curvature due to refraction is found to be negligible in the calculations made for true oceanic depths. Sample computations are given.

SEA‐BOTTOM SLOPE DETERMINATION FROM WATER SOUND ARRIVALS

Geophysics ◽  
1949 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. B. Agocs
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Water Wave ◽  
Successive Approximations ◽  
Time Of Arrival ◽  
Bottom Slope ◽  
The Third ◽  
Detector Distance ◽  
Sea Bottom ◽  
Seismic Records ◽  
The Difference

Previously it was shown how the time break could be determined on deep‐sea seismic records from the water sound arrivals. An extension of this problem has been made for the more general case of a sloping sea bottom. The depth of shot below the surface of the sea, shot‐detector distance and the direction and magnitude of the sea‐bottom slope may be determined by successive approximations. This is done, using the ratio of the difference in time of arrival of the direct water wave and the first reflection from the surface of the sea to the difference in time of the second and first reflection, and the ratio of the difference in time of arrival of the second and first reflections to the difference in time of arrival of the third and second reflections from the surface of the sea. The converse of the method could be used to determine sea‐bottom slopes in hydrographic surveys.

BIO-OCEANOGRAPHER, ZOOLOGIST LEV IVANOVICH MOSKALEV (04.01.1935–04.12.2020)

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 168-171
Author(s):  
E. M. Krylova ◽  
A. N. Mironov ◽  
A. V. Gebruk
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Bottom Fauna ◽  
Ocean Bottom ◽  
Scientific Career ◽  
Shirshov Institute ◽  
Popular Book ◽  
Scientific Papers

The article is dedicated to the memory of L.I. Moskalev – renowned bio-oceanographer, zoologist who spent his entire scientific career at the Laboratory of Ocean Bottom Fauna. L.I. Moskalev participated in more than 30 deep-sea voyages, spent 200 hours diving in manned submersibles “Pisces” and “Mir”, published about 100 scientific papers and a popular book «Masters of the Deep» (2005). Colleagues will remember Lev Moskalev – an extraordinary and deep person and a true patriot of the Laboratory and P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology

Simulation on Linear-Motor-Driven Water Hydraulic Reciprocating Plunger Pump

2013 ◽  
Vol 842 ◽  
pp. 530-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeng Meng Zhang ◽  
Yong Jun Gong ◽  
Jiao Yi Hou ◽  
Han Peng Wu
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Linear Motor ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Flow Pulsation ◽  
Plunger Pump ◽  
Water Hydraulic

The water hydraulic reciprocating plunger pump driven by linear motor is suitable to deep sea application with high efficiency and variable control. Aiming to study the principle structure and working characteristics of the pump, two patterns of valve and piston distribution were designed. And the control method and the performance were analyzed by simulation based on the AMESim model. The results show that the pressure and flow pulsation of piston type pump are much smaller than the valve type, even though the piston type is large in scale and works at low flow rate. Compared with a valve distribution tri-linear-motor reciprocating plunger pump (VDTLMP), as the flow rate of the piston distribution double linear motor reciprocating plunger pump (PDDLMP) is decreased from 36.7 L/min to 21.2 L/min theoretically, the pressure pulsation amplitude is decreased from 46% to 2%, and the flow pulsation rate is also decreased from 0.266 to 0.007. These results contribute to the research on deep-sea water hydraulic power pack and direct drive pump with high efficiency and energy conservation.

scholarly journals Library Construction from Subnanogram DNA for Pelagic Sea Water and Deep-Sea Sediments

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 336-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miho Hirai ◽  
Shinro Nishi ◽  
Miwako Tsuda ◽  
Michinari Sunamura ◽  
Yoshihiro Takaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Library Construction ◽  
Deep Sea Sediments

scholarly journals Pararhodobacter marinus sp. nov., isolated from deep-sea water of the Indian Ocean

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 932-936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiliang Lai ◽  
Xiupian Liu ◽  
Jun Yuan ◽  
Shuchen Xie ◽  
Zongze Shao
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Chromosomal Dna ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Deep Sea Water ◽  
Link Type ◽  
The Indian Ocean

A taxonomic study was carried out on strain CIC4N-9T, which was isolated from deep-sea water of the Indian Ocean. The bacterium was Gram-stain-negative, catalase- and oxidase-positive, rod-shaped and non-motile. Growth was observed at salinities of 0–9% and at temperatures of 4–41 °C. The isolate was able to degrade gelatin but not aesculin. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain CIC4N-9T belonged to the genus Pararhodobacter , with the highest sequence similarity to the only recognized species, Pararhodobacter aggregans D1-19T (96.9 %). The average nucleotide identity and estimated DNA–DNA hybridization values between strain CIC4N-9T and P. aggregans D1-19T were 80.4 and 23.0 %, respectively. The principal fatty acids were summed feature 8 (C18 : 1 ω7c and/or C18 : 1 ω6c), C16 : 0, C18 : 1ω7c 11-methyl, C18 : 0 and C17 : 0. The G+C content of the chromosomal DNA was 66.8 mol%. The sole respiratory quinone was determined to be Q-10. Phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, two unknown phospholipids, four unknown aminolipids and one unknown polar lipid were present. The combined genotypic and phenotypic data show that strain CIC4N-9T represents a novel species within the genus Pararhodobacter , for which the name Pararhodobacter marinus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CIC4N-9T (=MCCC 1A01225T=KCTC 52336T).

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Mineral-Balanced Deep Sea Water in In-Vitro and In-Vivo Models of Inflamed Intestinal Epithelium

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (15) ◽  
pp. 5183
Author(s):  
Jain Nam ◽  
Kyeong Jin Kim ◽  
Geonhee Park ◽  
Byeong Goo Kim ◽  
Gwi-Hwa Jeong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Cell Model ◽  
Mineral Waters ◽  
In Vivo Models ◽  
Deep Sea Water ◽  
High Calcium ◽  
A Cell

This study aimed to determine the effect of deep-sea water (DSW)-derived mineral waters on intestinal health, using a cell model and a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced enteritis mouse model. DSW was desalted and minerals were added to generate mineral waters that were classified as trace mineral (TM), high magnesium (HM), high magnesium low salt (HMLS), and high magnesium high calcium (HMHC), using a tabletop electrodialysis device. Caco-2 cells cocultured with Raw264.7 cells were either pre-treated or not with the four water groups, and inflammation was induced by treatment with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Compared to LPS-treated Caco-2 cells, HMLS-cotreated cells maintained high transepithelial electrical resistance, similar to control cells. FITC-dextran permeability was lower in HMLS-treated than in other cells. In vivo, in comparison to DSS-treated mice, colon shortening was inhibited, and disease activity and colon injury were suppressed in HMLS-cotreated mice. RNA-seq of colonic tissues revealed that inflammatory gene expression was similar among the control and HMLS mice, and DSS-induced expression of inflammation-related genes such as TNF-α and NOS2 and inflammatory chemokine genes was suppressed. Our findings suggest that DSW-derived mineral water intake can help reduce colitis symptoms, and the effects may be partially regulated by magnesium and other minerals.

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