scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Mineral-Balanced Deep Sea Water in In-Vitro and In-Vivo Models of Inflamed Intestinal Epithelium

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (15) ◽  
pp. 5183
Author(s):  
Jain Nam ◽  
Kyeong Jin Kim ◽  
Geonhee Park ◽  
Byeong Goo Kim ◽  
Gwi-Hwa Jeong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Cell Model ◽  
Mineral Waters ◽  
In Vivo Models ◽  
Deep Sea Water ◽  
High Calcium ◽  
A Cell

This study aimed to determine the effect of deep-sea water (DSW)-derived mineral waters on intestinal health, using a cell model and a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced enteritis mouse model. DSW was desalted and minerals were added to generate mineral waters that were classified as trace mineral (TM), high magnesium (HM), high magnesium low salt (HMLS), and high magnesium high calcium (HMHC), using a tabletop electrodialysis device. Caco-2 cells cocultured with Raw264.7 cells were either pre-treated or not with the four water groups, and inflammation was induced by treatment with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Compared to LPS-treated Caco-2 cells, HMLS-cotreated cells maintained high transepithelial electrical resistance, similar to control cells. FITC-dextran permeability was lower in HMLS-treated than in other cells. In vivo, in comparison to DSS-treated mice, colon shortening was inhibited, and disease activity and colon injury were suppressed in HMLS-cotreated mice. RNA-seq of colonic tissues revealed that inflammatory gene expression was similar among the control and HMLS mice, and DSS-induced expression of inflammation-related genes such as TNF-α and NOS2 and inflammatory chemokine genes was suppressed. Our findings suggest that DSW-derived mineral water intake can help reduce colitis symptoms, and the effects may be partially regulated by magnesium and other minerals.

scholarly journals Deep Sea Water Prevents Balloon Angioplasty-Induced Hyperplasia through MMP-2: An In Vitro and In Vivo Study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. e96927 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei-Chuan Li ◽  
Chun-Hsu Pan ◽  
Ming-Jyh Sheu ◽  
Chin-Ching Wu ◽  
Wei-Fen Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Balloon Angioplasty ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
In Vivo Study ◽  
Deep Sea Water

scholarly journals PapRIV, a BV-2 microglial cell activating quorum sensing peptide

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yorick Janssens ◽  
Nathan Debunne ◽  
Anton De Spiegeleer ◽  
Evelien Wynendaele ◽  
Marta Planas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quorum Sensing ◽  
Cell Model ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Communication Signals ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Gastro Intestinal Tract

AbstractQuorum sensing peptides (QSPs) are bacterial peptides produced by Gram-positive bacteria to communicate with their peers in a cell-density dependent manner. These peptides do not only act as interbacterial communication signals, but can also have effects on the host. Compelling evidence demonstrates the presence of a gut-brain axis and more specifically, the role of the gut microbiota in microglial functioning. The aim of this study is to investigate microglial activating properties of a selected QSP (PapRIV) which is produced by Bacillus cereus species. PapRIV showed in vitro activating properties of BV-2 microglia cells and was able to cross the in vitro Caco-2 cell model and reach the brain. In vivo peptide presence was also demonstrated in mouse plasma. The peptide caused induction of IL-6, TNFα and ROS expression and increased the fraction of ameboid BV-2 microglia cells in an NF-κB dependent manner. Different metabolites were identified in serum, of which the main metabolite still remained active. PapRIV is thus able to cross the gastro-intestinal tract and the blood–brain barrier and shows in vitro activating properties in BV-2 microglia cells, hereby indicating a potential role of this quorum sensing peptide in gut-brain interaction.

scholarly journals The effect of strontium ranelate on titanium particle-induced periprosthetic osteolysis regulated by WNT/β-catenin signaling in vivo and in vitro

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bolun Wang ◽  
Haohui Guo ◽  
Tianxiang Geng ◽  
Kening Sun ◽  
Liang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Aseptic Loosening ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Conditioned Medium ◽  
Strontium Ranelate ◽  
Cell Model ◽  
Periprosthetic Osteolysis ◽  
A Cell

Abstract Aseptic loosening following periprosthetic osteolysis is the primary complication that limits the lifetime of total joint arthroplasty (TJA). The wear particles trigger a chronic inflammation response in the periprosthetic tissue and turn over the bone balance to bone resorption. The present study aimed to investigate the possible effect and mechanism of strontium ranelate (SR), a clinically safe drug for osteoporosis, on particle-induced periprosthetic osteolysis. Thirty-six female C57BL/6j mice underwent tibial Ti-nail implantation to establish an animal model of aseptic loosening. After 12 weeks, micro-CT results showed that strontium ranelate could inhibit periprosthetic bone resorption. In vitro, Ti particles were used to stimulate RAW264.7 cell line to collect conditioned medium, and co-culture MC3T3-E1 cell line with conditioned medium to establish a cell model of aseptic loosening. The results of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) detection, immunofluorescence, and flow cytometry demonstrated that strontium ranelate could regulate the expression of OPG/RANKL, promote differentiation and mineralization, and inhibit apoptosis in osteoblasts. Moreover, we revealed that SR’s exerted its therapeutic effect by down-regulating sclerostin, thereby activating the Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway. Therefore, this research suggests that strontium ranelate could be a potential drug for the prevention and treatment of particle-induced aseptic loosening post-TJA.

Accept or Reject: The Role of Immune Tolerance in the Development of Stem Cell Therapies and Possible Future Approaches

2020 ◽  
pp. 019262332091824
Author(s):  
Richard Haworth ◽  
Michaela Sharpe
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Immune Recognition ◽  
Cell Of Origin ◽  
In Vivo Models ◽  
Cell Product ◽  
A Cell

In 2011, Goldring and colleagues published a review article describing the potential safety issues of novel stem cell-derived treatments. Immunogenicity and immunotoxicity of the administered cell product were considered risks in the light of clinical experience of transplantation. The relative immunogenicity of mesenchymal stem cells, embryonic stem cells (ESCs), and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) was being addressed through in vitro and in vivo models. But the question arose as to whether the implanted cells needed to be identical to the recipient in every respect, including epigenetically, to evade immune recognition? If so, this set a high bar which may preclude use of many cells derived from iPSCs which have vestiges of a fetal phenotype and epigenetic memory of their cell of origin. However, for autologous iPSCs, the immunogenicity reduces once the surface antigen expression profile becomes close to that of the parent somatic cells. Therefore, a cell product containing incompletely differentiated cells could be more immunogenic. The properties of the administered cells, the immune privilege of the administration site, and the host immune status influence graft success or failure. In addition, the various approaches available to characterize potential immunogenicity of a cell therapy will be discussed.

scholarly journals Deep Sea Water Modulates Blood Pressure and Exhibits Hypolipidemic Effects via the AMPK-ACC Pathway: An in Vivo Study

Marine Drugs ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 2183-2202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-Jyh Sheu ◽  
Pei-Yu Chou ◽  
Wen-Hsin Lin ◽  
Chun-Hsu Pan ◽  
Yi-Chung Chien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
In Vivo Study ◽  
Deep Sea Water

scholarly journals Effect of Mineral-Balanced Deep-Sea Water on Kidney Function and Renal Oxidative Stress Markers in Rats Fed a High-Salt Diet

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (24) ◽  
pp. 13415
Author(s):  
So Min Jo ◽  
Jain Nam ◽  
Soo-yeon Park ◽  
Geonhee Park ◽  
Byeong Goo Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Deep Sea Water ◽  
High Calcium ◽  
Kidney Health

This study investigated the effect of mineral-balanced deep-sea water (DSW) on kidney health using an animal model of kidney injury due to a high-sodium diet. High magnesium/low sodium (HMLS) and high magnesium/high calcium (HMHC) DSW samples with different mineral contents were prepared. Sprague–Dawley rats were fed an 8% sodium chloride (NaCl) diet for four weeks to induce kidney injury, and each group was supplied with purified water or mineral water. Kidney injury was observed in the NaCl group according to increased kidney injury markers and malondialdehydes, providing evidence of oxidative stress. However, the kidney injury was repaired by the intake of mineral-balanced DSW. It was confirmed that the HMLS and HMHC groups showed improved Na+ excretion through the urine. Kidney injury markers in urine decreased and upregulation of low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein2 mRNA expression was observed in the HMLS and HMHC groups. In addition, superoxide dismutase activity was increased in the HMHC groups. The gene expression patterns of the RNA sequencing were similar between the CON and HMLS groups. These results suggest that DSW has beneficial effects on kidney health due to the balanced magnesium and calcium levels in models of kidney injury caused by excessive sodium intake.

scholarly journals Helicobacter pyloriCagA Suppresses Apoptosis through Activation of AKT in a Nontransformed Epithelial Cell Model of Glandular Acini Formation

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Vallejo-Flores ◽  
Javier Torres ◽  
Claudia Sandoval-Montes ◽  
Haruki Arévalo-Romero ◽  
Isaura Meza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Model ◽  
Common Mechanism ◽  
Anoikis Resistance ◽  
Lumen Formation ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Signaling Function ◽  
A Cell ◽  
H Pylori

H. pyloriinfection is the most important environmental risk to develop gastric cancer, mainly through its virulence factor CagA.In vitromodels of CagA function have demonstrated a phosphoprotein activity targeting multiple cellular signaling pathways, while cagA transgenic mice develop carcinomas of the gastrointestinal tract, supporting oncogenic functions. However, it is still not completely clear how CagA alters cellular processes associated with carcinogenic events. In this study, we evaluated the capacity ofH. pyloriCagA positive and negative strains to alter nontransformed MCF-10A glandular acini formation. We found that CagA positive strains inhibited lumen formation arguing for an evasion of apoptosis activity of central acini cells. In agreement, CagA positive strains induced a cell survival activity that correlated with phosphorylation of AKT and of proapoptotic proteins BIM and BAD. Anoikis is a specific type of apoptosis characterized by AKT and BIM activation and it is the mechanism responsible for lumen formation of MCF-10A aciniin vitroand mammary glandsin vivo. Anoikis resistance is also a common mechanism of invading tumor cells. Our data support that CagA positive strains signaling function targets the AKT and BIM signaling pathway and this could contribute to its oncogenic activity through anoikis evasion.

scholarly journals MCM2 and Carbonic Anhydrase 9 Are Novel Potential Targets for Neuroblastoma Pharmacological Treatment

Biomedicines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 471
Author(s):  
Patrizia Garbati ◽  
Raffaella Barbieri ◽  
Davide Cangelosi ◽  
Carlo Zanon ◽  
Delfina Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Carbonic Anhydrase ◽  
Tumor Growth ◽  
Cell Model ◽  
Tumor Growth Rate ◽  
In Vivo Models ◽  
Gene Sets ◽  
Carbonic Anhydrase 9

To overcome the lack of effective pharmacological treatments for high-risk neuroblastoma (HR-NB), the development of novel in vitro and in vivo models that better recapitulate the disease is required. Here, we used an in vitro multiclonal cell model encompassing NB cell differentiation stages, to identify potential novel pharmacological targets. This model allowed us to identify, by low-density RT-PCR arrays, two gene sets, one over-expressed during NB cell differentiation, and the other up-regulated in more malignant cells. Challenging two HR-NB gene expression datasets, we found that these two gene sets are related to high and low survival, respectively. Using mouse NB cisplatin-treated xenografts, we identified two genes within the list associated to the malignant stage (MCM2 and carbonic anhydrase 9), whose expression is positively correlated with tumor growth. Thus, we tested their pharmacological targeting as potential therapeutic strategy. We measured mice survival and tumor growth rate after xenografts of human NB treated with cisplatin in the presence of MCM2/carbonic anhydrase 9 inhibitors (ciprofloxacin and acetazolamide). MCM2 or carbonic anhydrase 9 inhibition significantly increased cisplatin activity, supporting their possible testing for NB therapy.

scholarly journals Production and Characterization of Chitooligosaccharides: Evaluation of Acute Toxicity, Healing, and Anti-Inflammatory Actions

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (19) ◽  
pp. 10631
Author(s):  
Rafael Caetano Lisbôa Castro de Andrade ◽  
Nathália Kelly de Araújo ◽  
Manoela Torres-Rêgo ◽  
Allanny Alves Furtado ◽  
Alessandra Daniele-Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Wound Repair ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
In Vivo Models ◽  
Fibroblast Migration ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Two Stages

The search for promising biomolecules such as chitooligosaccharides (COS) has increased due to the need for healing products that act efficiently, avoiding complications resulting from exacerbated inflammation. Therefore, this study aimed to produce COS in two stages of hydrolysis using chitosanases derived from Bacillus toyonensis. Additionally, this study aimed to structurally characterize the COS via mass spectrometry, to analyze their biocompatibility in acute toxicity models in vivo, to evaluate their healing action in a cell migration model in vitro, to analyze the anti-inflammatory activity in in vivo models of xylol-induced ear edema and zymosan-induced air pouch, and to assess the wound repair action in vivo. The structural characterization process pointed out the presence of hexamers. The in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility of COS was reaffirmed. The COS stimulated the fibroblast migration. In the in vivo inflammatory assays, COS showed an antiedematogenic response and significant reductions in leukocyte migration, cytokine release, and protein exudate. The COS healing effect in vivo was confirmed by the significant wound reduction after seven days of the experiment. These results indicated that the presence of hexamers influences the COS biological properties, which have potential uses in the pharmaceutical field due to their healing and anti-inflammatory action.

scholarly journals Glucose induced ApoB100/ApoAI ratio changes in cultured HepG2 cells in vitro

F1000Research ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 842
Author(s):  
Minshan Hu
Keyword(s):  
Hepg2 Cells ◽  
Cell Model ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Mechanism Study ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Ratio Change ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Positive Correlations

Backgroundː Numerous in vivo human cohort studies have suggested that the apolipoprotein B100/apolipoprotein AI (ApoB100/ApoAI) ratio might be a risk factor in coronary heart disease. The aim of this study was to measure ApoB100/ApoAI ratio changes in cell secretions by incubating HepG2 cells with various amounts of glucose in vitro. Methods ː HepG2 cells were cultured in low-, normal- or high-glucose Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) (1, 4.5 and 10g/L, respectively). Levels of ApoAI and ApoB100 were measured with commercial sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits (cat#: H0123 and H0124) from ShangHai MEIXUAN Biological Science and Technology Ltd (Shanghai, China). Experiments were repeated six times for each assay. Resultsː The results showed that ApoB100/ApoAI ratio have positive correlations with the glucose concentration increase. Conclusionsː A higher concentration of glucose induced an undesirable ApoB100/ApoAI ratio change, which suggests a new regulatory pathway in lipoprotein catabolism and provides a cell model for further mechanism study. This finding may lead to novel therapeutic ways for diagnosis and treatment for coronary artery disease.

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