A Comparison of Tetrabenazine and Chlorpromazine in Chronic Schizophrenia

1961 ◽  
Vol 107 (447) ◽  
pp. 287-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. W. Ashcroft ◽  
Elizabeth J. MacDougall ◽  
P. A. Barker
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Phenothiazine Derivatives ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Term Management

At the present time only two groups of drugs have an established place in the treatment of chronic schizophrenia, the phenothiazine derivatives and the rauwolfia group of alkaloids. Of these two groups the phenothiazines are in more general use, and, although not free from side-effects, are safer drugs for the long-term management of schizophrenic patients. They also have a wider range of effectiveness in the different schizophrenic syndromes. Many observers, however, have been impressed by the dramatic results obtained in a proportion of cases of long-term schizophrenia treated with the rauwolfia alkaloids and these may be effective in cases not responding to the phenothiazines (Kline, 2).

Effectiveness of Clozapine in Hospitalised People with Chronic Neuroleptic-Resistant Schizophrenia

1995 ◽  
Vol 167 (6) ◽  
pp. 760-764 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moshe Avnon ◽  
Jonathan Rabinowitz
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Psychiatric Hospital ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Chronic Neuroleptic ◽  
Drop Outs

BackgroundClozapine's effectiveness in reducing symptoms and facilitating discharge among patients with chronic schizophrenia who were resistant to neuroleptics was studied.MethodAll 169 such patients in a public psychiatric hospital were given clozapine. BPRS ratings (0–5 scale) were completed before treatment and 21 months later. Patients were followed for about 2.5 years.ResultsClozapine was discontinued in 37.8% of cases due to non-compliance, non-response, or side-effects. At follow-up 41 % of clozapine recipients and 25.9% of the drop-outs were discharged and remained so, and 33% of recipients and 24.1% of drop-outs were being prepared for discharge. Longer treatment was associated with more improvement. Decline in average BPRS total scores of recipients was significantly more than drop-outs (32.7, s.d. 16.8 v. 12.1, s.d. 14.1, d.f. = 155, t = 7.5, P = 0.000).ConclusionsClozapine appears to be effective for treating some chronic neuroleptic non-responding schizophrenic patients.

Manipulation of fishing effort in Australia's penaeid Prawn Fisheries

1990 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
IF Somers
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Great Barrier Reef ◽  
Simulation Model ◽  
Fishing Effort ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
Barrier Reef ◽  
Restrictive Measures ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Term Management

The potentially detrimental side-effects of prawn trawling are coming under increasing scrutiny in Australian waters, particularly in such ecologically sensitive areas as Queensland's Great Barrier Reef, and various restrictive measures are being suggested. Before changes are imposed on the prawning industry, the effects of trawling on the target prawn species and the long-term management of these effects need to be fully understood. Using a simulation model of a simplified prawn fishery, this paper describes the basis for the current regulatory mechanisms for Australian's prawn fisheries, in particular the manipulation of both the level and pattern of fishing effort. It is shown that even in moderately fished stocks, the fishery manager has several options, such as seasonal and nursery area closures, that are consistent with the goal of minimizing the impact of prawn trawling, while in no way penalizing the industry economically. With these in mind, possible ways of resolving or reducing the conflict with groups outside the prawning industry are discussed.

Experience with Thioridazine (“Melleril”) Therapy

1961 ◽  
Vol 107 (448) ◽  
pp. 523-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Gold
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Pilot Trial ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Phenothiazine Derivatives ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Closed Ward

“A doctor must know not only the virtue of a drug, but also its drawbacks”—Carling (1960).Thioridazine is one of the newer phenothiazine derivatives used in psychiatry. Previous workers have reported few serious side-effects with it. The following pilot trial was carried out on male patients suffering from chronic schizophrenia who required nursing in a closed ward.

Drug defaulting by patients on long-acting phenothiazines

1973 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. W. Johnson ◽  
Hugh Freeman
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Oral Medication ◽  
Medical Services ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Patient Refusal ◽  
Long Acting

SynopsisThis survey investigates drug defaulting by schizophrenic patients on a regime of long-term medication with injections of long-acting phenothiazines (LAP). Although the frequency of discontinuing LAP was appreciably less than reported in most surveys on oral medication, it remained a problem. An analysis of the reasons for patients discontinuing LAP identified several causes: patient-refusal, side-effects, failure of administration of the regime, and patients losing contact with the medical services by moving to other districts.

The Significance of Stupor in the Long-Term Outcome of Chronic Schizophrenia

1989 ◽  
Vol 155 (3) ◽  
pp. 352-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Rigby ◽  
S. M. Wood ◽  
R. H. S. Mindham
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Hospital ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Favourable Outcome ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenic ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Similar Sample

The admission records of 271 long-stay chronic schizophrenic patients, resident in a large psychiatric hospital, were examined in order to identify those who had presented in stupor at the onset of their illness. Twelve patients were found (ten men and two women). When compared, in terms of current mental state and behaviour, with a similar sample of schizophrenics in whom stupor had been absent, significant differences between the two groups were detected, with those presenting in stupor demonstrating a less favourable outcome.

scholarly journals Levetiracetam Induced Hyperkalemia – A Rare Side Effect in Elderly with Pre-Existing Subclinical Renal Insufficiency Presenting with Bradyarrhythmia

2021 ◽  
pp. 185-190
Author(s):  
Abhishek Chande ◽  
Vidyashree Hulkoti ◽  
Shivam Khanna ◽  
Sunil Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Case Scenario ◽  
Rare Form ◽  
P Waves ◽  
Generalized Seizures ◽  
Rare Side Effect ◽  
Severe Hyperkalemia ◽  
Term Management

Levetiracetam is a commonly used drug in today’s world for long term management of partial as well as generalized seizures mainly due its major advantage that is has so few and non-threatening side effects[1].In the following case scenario, we show how a 70 years old male presented with severe hyperkalemia and after no other common culprits were seen, it was thought to be a side effect therapy with levetiracetam and after discontinuing it and managing hyperkalemia, the patient’s condition improved from a very critical state. We also show a rare form ECG presentation of severe hyperkalemia in the form of bradyarrhythmia with absent P waves. Our experience shows that unpredictable and rare side effects of new anti-epileptic drugs should be given attention and such cases often go undiagnosed.

The Home Behaviour of Schizophrenic Patients Living in the Community and Attending a Day Centre

1974 ◽  
Vol 125 (584) ◽  
pp. 20-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis Byrne ◽  
Teresa O'Connor ◽  
T. J. Fahy
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Life Changes ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Phenothiazine Drugs ◽  
Clinical Stability

With large numbers of psychotic patients now living in the community, there is growing appreciation of the influence of family life on the long-term social outcome of chronic schizophrenia. From the work of Brown, Birley and Wing (1972) it appears that to achieve and maintain optimum clinical stability in ‘typical’ chronic schizophrenia, it is desirable that face-to-face contact between patients and emotional relatives should be held to a minimum and that phenothiazine drugs should be used to soften the impact on the patient of sudden and stressful life changes. Reviewing the many social problems which accrue from this general treatment approach, Stevens (1973) noted a distinct lack of evaluative study of psychotic patients who actually live in the community.

Brain computerized tomography in subtypes of severe chronic schizophrenia

1988 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen M. Stahl ◽  
Terry Jernigan ◽  
Adolf Pfefferbaum ◽  
Leslie Zatz
Keyword(s):  
Normal Control ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Veterans Administration ◽  
Brain Scans ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenic ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Administration Hospital ◽  
Ct Brain

SynopsisComputerized tomographic (CT) brain scans were obtained in severely ill, chronic schizophrenic patients hospitalized in a long-term in-patient facility of a Veterans Administration hospital, and compared to CT brain scans from an age, sex and education-matched normal control population. In contrast to results obtained in our previous studies with younger, less severely ill, chronic schizophrenic patients, the current study population exhibited significantly increased rankings of third ventricular size and of fronto-tempero-sylvian atrophy, compared to normal control subjects.

Long-Term Management of Rheumatoid Arthritis with Disalcid®

1980 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 339-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prim dr Franc Fazarinc ◽  
Stephen N Steen
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Blood Chemistry ◽  
Response Side ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Laboratory Examinations ◽  
Laboratory Changes ◽  
Term Management

Disalcid®, a salicylic acid pro-drug, was administered for 3 months to eighteen rheumatoid arthritis patients, with monitoring of clinical response, side-effects and laboratory changes. The drug produced a satisfactory to excellent response in fourteen patients and was unsatisfactory in four. Gastric side-effects occurred in three patients and allergic reaction in one. Serum salicylic acid concentrations were adequately maintained between 15 to 25 mg/100 ml. Funduscopic monitoring revealed one retinal defect in a patient with hypertension. Laboratory examinations, blood chemistry and urine analyses remained within normal limits during the 12-week trial.

Understanding the Results of CATIE in the Context of the Field

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 11 (S7) ◽  
pp. 40-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ira D. Glick
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Treatment Adherence ◽  
Atypical Antipsychotics ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Valid Assessment ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Term Management

AbstractThe Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiveness (CATIE) study was undertaken to provide a valid assessment of the differences between conventional and atypical antipsychotics and among the atypicals themselves in patients with schizophrenia. The CATIE investigators reported that while none of the study medications were ideal, olanzapine was the most effective in terms of treatment discontinuation, and there were no significant differences in effectiveness between the conventional antipsychotic perphenazine and the atypicals quetiapine, risperidone, and ziprasidone. Each drug differed slightly in rates of side effects, with more patients discontinuing perphenazine due to extrapyramidal side effects and more patients discontinuing olanzapine due to weight gain and metabolic effects. In order for data from phase 1 of the CATIE study to be interpreted within the appropriate context, physicians must understand how aspects of study design and statistical methods affect interpretation, and how this trial weighs against other data in the literature. This article enumerates the factors that complicate our understanding of the CATIE results and compares these findings with those from previously published meta-analyses. It is clear that therapeutic and side effects of antipsychotics vary from person to person. The goal of schizophrenia management is to maintain pharmacotherapeutic efficacy and tolerability over the long-term in order to maximize treatment adherence and benefits. What should emerge from CATIE is a renewed commitment to tailor schizophrenia treatment to the individual patient for long-term management.

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