Experience with Thioridazine (“Melleril”) Therapy

“A doctor must know not only the virtue of a drug, but also its drawbacks”—Carling (1960).Thioridazine is one of the newer phenothiazine derivatives used in psychiatry. Previous workers have reported few serious side-effects with it. The following pilot trial was carried out on male patients suffering from chronic schizophrenia who required nursing in a closed ward.

Download Full-text

A Comparison of Tetrabenazine and Chlorpromazine in Chronic Schizophrenia

Journal of Mental Science ◽

10.1192/bjp.107.447.287 ◽

1961 ◽

Vol 107 (447) ◽

pp. 287-293 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

G. W. Ashcroft ◽

Elizabeth J. MacDougall ◽

P. A. Barker

Keyword(s):

Side Effects ◽

Chronic Schizophrenia ◽

Phenothiazine Derivatives ◽

Schizophrenic Patients ◽

Term Management

At the present time only two groups of drugs have an established place in the treatment of chronic schizophrenia, the phenothiazine derivatives and the rauwolfia group of alkaloids. Of these two groups the phenothiazines are in more general use, and, although not free from side-effects, are safer drugs for the long-term management of schizophrenic patients. They also have a wider range of effectiveness in the different schizophrenic syndromes. Many observers, however, have been impressed by the dramatic results obtained in a proportion of cases of long-term schizophrenia treated with the rauwolfia alkaloids and these may be effective in cases not responding to the phenothiazines (Kline, 2).

Download Full-text

Comparison of the Effects of Low Dose Methylprednisolone and Metoclopramide on Nausea and Vomiting and Respiratory Complications after Adenotonsillectomy

10.53350/pjmhs211592753 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (9) ◽

pp. 2753-2756

Author(s):

Shahid Adalat Chaudhry ◽

Madiha Zafar ◽

Usman Zeeshan ◽

Mubashar Iqbal ◽

Arooj Fatima ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Side Effects ◽

Pain Score ◽

Low Dose ◽

Operative Time ◽

Oral Intake ◽

Respiratory Complications ◽

Group I ◽

Male Patients ◽

Group Ii ◽

Mean Time

Objective: The aim of this study is to compare the effects of low dose methylprednisolone and metoclopramide on nausea, vomiting and respiratory complications after adenotonsillectomy. Study Design: Retrospective study Place and Duration: The study was conducted in Divisional Headquarter Teaching Hospital, Mirpur AJK for duration of six months from December 2020 to May 2021. Methods: Total 150 patients of both genders underwent adenotonsillectomy presented in this study. Patients were aged between 3-15 years. Detailed demographics of enrolled cases age, sex and weight were recorded after taking informed written consent. Patients were equally divided into two groups. Group I had 75 patients and received 1 mg/kg IV methylpredinosolone and group II received 0.15 mg/kg metoclopramide among 75 patients. Post-operative effects on PONV were assessed and compared among both groups in terms of oral intake time, vomiting episodes, respiratory complications and side effects. Mean pain score was calculated by VAS. Complete data was analyzed by SPSS 23.0 version. Results: There were 40 (53.3%) females and 35 (46.7%) males in group I with mean age 9.43±1.44 years while in group II 42 (56%) were females and 33 (44%) were male patients with mean age 8.04±3.36 years. Mean weight of the patients in group I was 23.08±4.61 kg and in group II mean body weight was 22.11±6.84 kg. Mean operative time in group I was 27.41±8.53 min and in group II mean time was 28.17±6.34 min. Post-operative frequency of vomiting and nausea was lower in group I 14 (18.7%) and 16 (21.3%) as compared to group II 21 (28%) and 24 (34%). Low pain score was found in group I 1.71±6.11 as compared to group II 3.02±4.09. Time to oral intake was higher in group II 2.98±3.48 hours as compared to group I 1.09±7.51 hours. Rate of respiratory complications and side effects were significantly higher in group II. Conclusion: We concluded in this study that the use of methylpredinosolone was effective among patients those underwent for adenotonsillectomy in terms of post-operative frequency of PONV, pain, respiratory complications and side effects. Except this low dose of methylpredinosolone were effective in earlier tolerance of oral intake. Keywords: Adenotonsillectomy, Metoclopramide, Methylpredinosolone, Oral Intake

Download Full-text

Akathisia: Prevalence and Associated Dysphoria in an In-patient Population with Chronic Schizophrenia

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.164.2.177 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 164 (2) ◽

pp. 177-183 ◽

Cited By ~ 59

Author(s):

Simon M. Halstead ◽

Thomas R. E. Barnes ◽

Jeremy C. Speller

Keyword(s):

Tardive Dyskinesia ◽

Negative Symptoms ◽

Chronic Schizophrenia ◽

Significant Relation ◽

Orofacial Dyskinesia ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Depot Antipsychotic ◽

Male Patients ◽

Higher Doses ◽

Dysphoric Mood

In a sample of 120 long-stay in-patients who fulfilled DSM–III–R criteria for schizophrenia, chronic akathisia and pseudoakathisia were relatively common, with prevalence figures of 24% and 18%, respectively. Compared with patients without evidence of chronic akathisia, those patients with the condition were significantly younger, were receiving significantly higher doses of antipsychotic medication, and were more likely to be receiving a depot antipsychotic. Patients who experienced the characteristic inner restlessness and compulsion to move of akathisia also reported marked symptoms of dysphoria, namely tension, panic, irritability and impatience. The findings support the suggestion that dysphoric mood is an important feature of akathisia. Male patients appeared to be at an increased risk of pseudoakathisia. No significant relation was found between chronic akathisia and tardive dyskinesia, although there was a trend for trunk and limb dyskinesia to be commonest in patients with chronic akathisia while orofacial dyskinesia was most frequently observed in those with pseudoakathisia. Akathisia may mask the movements of tardive dyskinesia in the lower limb. There was no evidence that akathisia was associated with positive or negative symptoms of schizophrenia nor with depression.

Download Full-text

Rosa Damascena Improved Sexual Dysfunction in Males Under Methadone Treatment – Results from a Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.02.129 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 41 (S1) ◽

pp. S281-S281

Author(s):

V. Farnia ◽

F. Tatari ◽

M. Alikhani ◽

J. Shakeri ◽

M. Taghizadeh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trial ◽

Side Effects ◽

Sexual Dysfunction ◽

Methadone Treatment ◽

Controlled Clinical Trial ◽

Rosa Damascena ◽

Placebo Condition ◽

Double Blind ◽

Male Patients ◽

Competing Interest

IntroductionPatients with severe opioid dependency might be treated with methadone, a pure μ-opioid-receptor, with promising results. Though, as for opioids, side effects are high, and among those, sexual dysfunction is among the most disturbing side effects.AimsInvestigating the influence of Rosa Damascena oil to improve sexual dysfunction among male methadone users.MethodsA total of 60 male patients (mean age: 30 years) with diagnosed opioid dependence and currently under treatment of methadone were randomly assigned either to the verum (Rosa Damascenca oil drops) or placebo condition. At baseline, and four and eight weeks later, patients completed self-rating questionnaires covering sexual dysfunction and happiness.ResultsOver time sexual dysfunction decreased and happiness increased in the verum, but not in the placebo condition.ConclusionsResults from this double blind, randomized, and placebo-controlled clinical trial showed that Rosa Damascena oil improved sexual dysfunction and happiness among male opioid addicts while under substitution treatment with methadone.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Download Full-text

A Pilot Trial of Orphenadrine (“Disipal”) in Patients Treated with Reserpine

Journal of Mental Science ◽

10.1192/bjp.106.443.682 ◽

1960 ◽

Vol 106 (443) ◽

pp. 682-685

Author(s):

G. E. Langley ◽

A. A. Robin

Keyword(s):

Side Effects ◽

Chemical Structure ◽

Pilot Trial

β-Dimethylamine ethyl 2-methylbenzhydryl ether hydrochloride (Orphenadrine, “Disipal”) is a synthetic substance closely resembling in chemical structure the antihistamine dephenhydramine (“Benadryl”). It was developed in Holland (Harms, 1957) for use in parkinsonism and in this context reported upon favourably in this country by Gillhespy and Ratcliffe (1956). Claims have also been made that the drug is (i) effective in treating the pseudo-parkinsonism produced by reserpine, (ii) active in alleviating other (e.g. autonomic or vasomotor) side-effects of reserpine, (iii) has independent “psychic” activity, or (iv) enhances the tranquillizing effect of reserpine (Frieswinkel, 1957a, 1957b; Van Rhijn, 1957; Meulenbeld, 1957; Scheurle, 1957). The following trial is designed to assess some of these claims.

Download Full-text

mGluR5 receptor availability is associated with lower levels of negative symptoms and better cognition in male patients with chronic schizophrenia

Human Brain Mapping ◽

10.1002/hbm.24976 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (10) ◽

pp. 2762-2781 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Cláudia Régio Brambilla ◽

Tanja Veselinović ◽

Ravichandran Rajkumar ◽

Jörg Mauler ◽

Linda Orth ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Negative Symptoms ◽

Chronic Schizophrenia ◽

Male Patients

Download Full-text

Effectiveness of Clozapine in Hospitalised People with Chronic Neuroleptic-Resistant Schizophrenia

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.167.6.760 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 167 (6) ◽

pp. 760-764 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Moshe Avnon ◽

Jonathan Rabinowitz

Keyword(s):

Side Effects ◽

Psychiatric Hospital ◽

Chronic Schizophrenia ◽

Schizophrenic Patients ◽

Chronic Neuroleptic ◽

Drop Outs

BackgroundClozapine's effectiveness in reducing symptoms and facilitating discharge among patients with chronic schizophrenia who were resistant to neuroleptics was studied.MethodAll 169 such patients in a public psychiatric hospital were given clozapine. BPRS ratings (0–5 scale) were completed before treatment and 21 months later. Patients were followed for about 2.5 years.ResultsClozapine was discontinued in 37.8% of cases due to non-compliance, non-response, or side-effects. At follow-up 41 % of clozapine recipients and 25.9% of the drop-outs were discharged and remained so, and 33% of recipients and 24.1% of drop-outs were being prepared for discharge. Longer treatment was associated with more improvement. Decline in average BPRS total scores of recipients was significantly more than drop-outs (32.7, s.d. 16.8 v. 12.1, s.d. 14.1, d.f. = 155, t = 7.5, P = 0.000).ConclusionsClozapine appears to be effective for treating some chronic neuroleptic non-responding schizophrenic patients.

Download Full-text