Monozygotic Twins with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

1990 ◽  
Vol 156 (3) ◽  
pp. 435-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suck Won Kim ◽  
Maurice W. Dysken ◽  
Mark D. Kline
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Monozygotic Twins ◽  
Mirror Image ◽  
Brain Electrical Activity ◽  
Image Pair ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Brain Electrical Activity Mapping

A mirror-image pair of monozygotic twins concordant for obsessional–compulsive disorder had remarkably similar clinical symptoms, and brain electrical activity mapping showed slower alpha and more theta activity than normal for their age.

The Potential Role of 5-HT1D Receptors in the Pathophysiology and Treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

CNS Spectrums ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
pp. 46-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liat Stern ◽  
Joseph Zohar ◽  
Thalma Hendler ◽  
Iulian Ianco ◽  
Yehuda Sasson
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Everyday Activities ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Patterns Of Behavior

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a psychiatric disorder in which the patient suffers from recurrent intrusive ideas, impulses, thoughts (obsessions), and/or patterns of behavior (compulsions) that are ego-alien and produce anxiety if resisted. The ego-dystonic nature of OCD is one of the hallmarks of this disorder. OCD can be a disabling condition because the obsessions and compulsions are time-consuming and interfere with patients' everyday activities and their relationships with friends and family. In severe cases, OCD conflicts even with the simplest tasks of daily living.Research interest in OCD has been growing steadily in the past decade. A search on MEDLINE reveals an over 300% increase in citations on OCD from 1986 to 1998. These range across the spectrum of research fields, from genetic studies, brain imaging, and neurobiological research examining the underlying pathogenesis of OCD to epidemiological studies evaluating the course of clinical symptoms, comorbidities, and outcomes. Each area represents an important piece in the complex jigsaw puzzle of OCD.

Neural correlates of clinical symptoms and cognitive dysfunctions in obsessive–compulsive disorder

2003 ◽  
Vol 122 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Soo Kwon ◽  
Jae-Jin Kim ◽  
Dong Woo Lee ◽  
Jae Sung Lee ◽  
Dong Soo Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunctions ◽  
Compulsive Disorder

scholarly journals Suppression of Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms after Head Trauma

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Seyed Hamzeh Hosseini ◽  
Paria Azari ◽  
Roohollah Abdi ◽  
Reza Alizadeh-Navaei
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Head Trauma ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Brain Lesions ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Symptoms ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Compulsive Symptom ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Symptom ◽  
Unwanted Thoughts

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) encompasses a spectrum of clinical symptoms characterized by unwanted thoughts coupled with an intense compulsion to act and to repeat behavior fragments in a ritualistic and stereotyped sequence. Obsessive-compulsive symptom due to brain lesions is not rare, but suppression of these symptoms after head trauma is very rare and we found only 3 cases in review of literatures from 1966 to 2001. The case of a patient suffering with severe OCD is described of note; her symptoms disappeared following right temporo-parietofrontal lesion.

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Paraphilia in a Monozygotic Twin Pair

1992 ◽  
Vol 161 (5) ◽  
pp. 694-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth M. J. Cryan ◽  
Gerard J. Butcher ◽  
Marcus G. T. Webb
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Twin Pair ◽  
Monozygotic Twins ◽  
Monozygotic Twin ◽  
Sexual History ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Monozygotic Twin Pair

We report OCD and paraphilia in two male members of triplets (the two males being monozygotic twins), and discuss the possible aetiological factors for this previously unreported occurrence. We suggest that patients presenting with paraphilia should be examined for OCD and that a detailed sexual history should be obtained in all patients with OCD.

Cerebral Perfusion, Electrical Activity and Effects of Serotonergic Treatment in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

1995 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Molina ◽  
R. Montz ◽  
M.J. Pérez-Castejón ◽  
M. Martín-Loeches ◽  
J.L. Carreras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Cerebral Perfusion ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder

scholarly journals Comparing effectiveness between a mobile application program and traditional cognitive behavior therapy in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyunchan Hwang ◽  
Sujin Bae ◽  
Jisun Hong ◽  
Doug Hyun Han
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Behavior Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Behavior Therapy ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Brain Connectivity ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Cognitive Behavior ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Significant Difference

BACKGROUND This study proposes a digital program for the treatment of mental illness that could increase motivation and learning outcomes for patients. Several studies have already applied this method by using an exposure and response prevention inspired serious game to treat patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). OBJECTIVE We hypothesized that a mobile cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) program would be effective in treating OCD as much as traditional offline CBT. In addition, the treatment efficacy in response to mobile CBT for OCD might be associated with increased brain activity within the cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical (CSTC) tract. METHODS The digital CBT treatment program for OCD, OCfree, consists of 6 education sessions, 10 quests, and 7 casual games. The information of 27 patients with OCD (15 offline CBT and 12 OCFree CBT) were gathered. During the 6-week intervention period, changes in the clinical symptoms and brain function activity were analyzed. RESULTS There was no significant difference in the change in OCD symptoms and depressive symptoms between the two groups. However, the OCfree group showed greater improvement in anxiety symptoms compared to the offline CBT group. Both offline CBT and OCfree CBT increased the functional connectivity within the CSTC tract in all patients with OCD. However, CBT using OCfree showed greater changes in brain connectivity within the thalamus and insula, compared to offline CBT. CONCLUSIONS : The OC free, an OCD treatment App program, was effective in the treatment of drug-naïve patients with OCD. The treatment effects of OCfree are associated with increased brain connectivity within the CSTC tract. Multisensory stimulation by education, quest, and games in OCfree increases the activity within the thalamus and insula in patients with OCD. CLINICALTRIAL

Altered resting-state cerebellar-cerebral functional connectivity in obsessive-compulsive disorder

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (07) ◽  
pp. 1156-1165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingting Xu ◽  
Qing Zhao ◽  
Pei Wang ◽  
Qing Fan ◽  
Jue Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Executive Control ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Emotion Processing ◽  
Affective Processing ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
The Right

AbstractBackgroundThe role of the cerebellum in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has drawn increasing attention. However, the functional connectivity between the cerebellum and the cerebral cortex has not been investigated in OCD, nor has the relationship between such functional connectivity and clinical symptoms.MethodsA total of 27 patients with OCD and 21 healthy controls (HCs) matched on age, sex and education underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Seed-based connectivity analyses were performed to examine differences in cerebellar-cerebral connectivity in patients with OCD compared with HCs. Associations between functional connectivity and clinical features in OCD were analyzed.ResultsCompared with HCs, OCD patients showed significantly decreased cerebellar-cerebral functional connectivity in executive control and emotion processing networks. Within the OCD group, decreased functional connectivity in an executive network spanning the right cerebellar Crus I and the inferior parietal lobule was positively correlated with symptom severity, and decreased connectivity in an emotion processing network spanning the left cerebellar lobule VI and the lingual gyrus was negatively correlated with illness duration.ConclusionsAltered functional connectivity between the cerebellum and cerebral networks involved in cognitive-affective processing in patients with OCD provides further evidence for the involvement of the cerebellum in the pathophysiology of OCD, and is consistent with impairment in executive control and emotion regulation in this condition.

Paroxetine concentrations in obsessive-compulsive disorder: Support for a therapeutic interval

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S322-S322
Author(s):  
M.B. Humble ◽  
M. Reis
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Global Evaluation ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
L 13

IntroductionPrevious studies of concentrations of serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs) versus therapeutic efficacy have yielded inconsistent results. Even if the relationships between the individual's serotonergic system and the clinical symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are poorly understood, the SRIs are consistently effective in OCD. However, studies on SRI concentrations in OCD treatment are rare.Objectives/aimsTo identify possible links between paroxetine concentrations and anti-obsessive response.MethodsIn a randomised, double-blind trial, comparing clomipramine, paroxetine and placebo in OCD treatment, serum paroxetine levels were measured after 1 week and after 4 weeks of treatment in 18 patients. Anti-obsessive response was assessed with Yale-Brown obsessive compulsive scale (Y-BOCS) and patients’ global evaluation (PGE), after 12 weeks of treatment.ResultsSerum paroxetine concentrations after 4 weeks suggested a therapeutic interval between 50 and 240 nmol/L (13–63 ng/mL). The mean Y-BOCS decrease was 54% inside versus 7% outside this interval (t = 3.96; P = 0.0011).ConclusionsParoxetine levels seemingly predicted clinical outcome. Studies with a greater number of patients are necessary in order to confirm this finding and to discern whether it is useful in clinical practice.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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