Encephalopathy Resembling Creutzfeldt–Jakob Disease Following Oral, Prescribed Doses of Bismuth Nitrate

1991 ◽  
Vol 158 (2) ◽  
pp. 278-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Von Bose ◽  
Michael Zaudig
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Dose Range ◽  
Depressive Syndrome ◽  
Bismuth Nitrate ◽  
Panic Attacks ◽  
Recommended Dose ◽  
Close Attention ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Jakob Disease ◽  
Myoclonic Encephalopathy

A patient given bismuth nitrate in the recommended dose range over 16 months developed panic attacks and a major depressive syndrome and, after 15 months, a myoclonic encephalopathy resembling Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease. He recovered four months after bismuth had been discontinued. Bismuth preparations are becoming popular in the treatment of gastritis; close attention to neurological and psychiatric symptoms seems mandatory.

scholarly journals Case Report: Severe Adolescent Major Depressive Syndrome Turns Out to Be an Unusual Case of Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Moldavski ◽  
Holger Wenz ◽  
Bettina E. Lange ◽  
Cathrin Rohleder ◽  
F. Markus Leweke
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Rapid Onset ◽  
Depressive Syndrome ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Abnormal Movements ◽  
Nmdar Encephalitis ◽  
Initial Symptoms

Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis is a neuroinflammatory condition mediated by autoantibodies against the GluN1 subunit of the receptor. Clinically, it is characterized by a complex neuropsychiatric presentation with rapidly progressive psychiatric symptoms, cognitive deficits, seizures, and abnormal movements. Isolated psychiatric manifestations of anti-NMDAR encephalitis are rare and usually dominated by psychotic symptoms. We present a case of an 18-year-old female high school student—without a previous history of psychiatric disorders—with a rapid onset severe depressive syndrome. Surprisingly, we found pleocytosis and anti-NMDAR autoantibodies in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), despite an otherwise unremarkable diagnostic workup, including blood test, clinical examination, and cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). After intravenous immunoglobulins treatment, a complete remission of the initial symptoms was observed. In a follow-up 5 years later, the young woman did not experience any relapse or sequelae. Anti-NMDAR encephalitis can present in rare cases as an organic disorder with major depressive symptoms without distinct concomitant psychotic or neurological symptoms. A clinical presentation such as a rapid onset of symptoms, distinct disturbance in the thought process, restlessness, and cognitive deficits should prompt screening for NMDAR- and other neural autoantibodies to rule out this rare but debilitating pathology.

scholarly journals Effect of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei Strain Shirota on Improvement in Depressive Symptoms, and Its Association with Abundance of Actinobacteria in Gut Microbiota

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1026
Author(s):  
Machiko Otaka ◽  
Hiroko Kikuchi-Hayakawa ◽  
Jun Ogura ◽  
Hiroshi Ishikawa ◽  
Yukihito Yomogida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Intestinal Permeability ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Probiotic Strain ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
And Biological Markers

We previously reported lower counts of lactobacilli and Bifidobacterium in the gut microbiota of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), compared with healthy controls. This prompted us to investigate the possible efficacy of a probiotic strain, Lacticaseibacillus paracasei strain Shirota (LcS; basonym, Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota; daily intake of 8.0 × 1010 colony-forming units), in alleviating depressive symptoms. A single-arm trial was conducted on 18 eligible patients with MDD or bipolar disorder (BD) (14 females and 4 males; 15 MDD and 3 BD), assessing changes in psychiatric symptoms, the gut microbiota, and biological markers for intestinal permeability and inflammation, over a 12-week intervention period. Depression severity, evaluated by the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, was significantly alleviated after LcS treatment. The intervention-associated reduction of depressive symptoms was associated with the gut microbiota, and more pronounced when Bifidobacterium and the Atopobium clusters of the Actinobacteria phylum were maintained at higher counts. No significant changes were observed in the intestinal permeability or inflammation markers. Although it was difficult to estimate the extent of the effect of LcS treatment alone, the results indicated that it was beneficial to alleviate depressive symptoms, partly through its association with abundance of Actinobacteria in the gut microbiota.

scholarly journals Atypical Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Evolution after Electroconvulsive Therapy for Catatonic Depression

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iria Grande ◽  
Juan Fortea ◽  
Ellen Gelpi ◽  
Itziar Flamarique ◽  
Marc Udina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electroconvulsive Therapy ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Psychiatric Admission ◽  
Disease Evolution ◽  
Clinical Recovery ◽  
Jakob Disease ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Electroencephalogram Eeg ◽  
Codon 129

We describe a case report of an 80-year-old woman who presented with symptomatology compatible with an episode of major depression with catatonia. After psychiatric admission, electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) was applied, but symptoms progressed with cognitive impairment, bradykinesia, widespread stiffness, postural tremor, and gait disturbance. After compatible magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), diffusion changes, and electroencephalogram (EEG) findings the case was reoriented to Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD). The genetic study found a methionine/valine heterozygosity at codon 129 of the prion protein gene PrPSc. On followup, a significant clinical recovery turned out. For this reason, EEG and MRI were repeated and confirmed the findings. The patient subsequently demonstrated progressive clinical deterioration and died 21 months later. The diagnosis was verified postmortem by neuropathology. The vCJD subtype MV2 is indeed characterized by early and prominent psychiatric symptoms and a prolonged disease duration however no frank clinical recovery has before been reported.

scholarly journals Hemicrania Continua Headache in a Veteran with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Major Depressive Disorder without Traumatic Brain Injury

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Brandon A. Kohrt ◽  
Erica Duncan
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Hemicrania Continua ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
High Flow Oxygen ◽  
Psychopharmacological Intervention

Hemicrania continua is a headache characterized by chronic unremitting unilateral pain associated with ipsilateral autonomic findings. This type of headache responds to high-flow oxygen and indomethacin. This case report describes a male veteran with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depressive disorder who suffers from comorbid hemicrania continua. The psychiatric symptoms were recalcitrant to psychopharmacological intervention. However, when the patient's hemicrania continua was treated appropriately, the patient's psychiatric symptoms also abated. This case demonstrates the need to address physical comorbidities that may exacerbate psychiatric disorders, such as PTSD.

Lifetime Comorbidity of Panic Attacks and Major Depression in a Population-Based Study

1994 ◽  
Vol 165 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Andrade ◽  
William W. Eaton ◽  
Howard Chilcoat
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Panic Attacks ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Comorbid Disorder ◽  
Motor Disturbance ◽  
Symptom Profiles

BackgroundThe co-occurrence of panic disorder and major depression in the same individual is common. A question to be answered is whether the comorbid disorder is a distinct one or may resemble one or other disorder. In this paper we examine whether the comorbid disorder is a distinct condition.MethodWe examined the symptom profiles and rates of comorbidity of panic attacks and DIS/DSM–III major depressive disorder in a population-based sample from four sites of the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) Epidemiologic Catchment Area Program (n= 12 668).ResultsThe co-occurrence of panic attacks and major depression over the lifetime was 11 times higher than expected by chance (OR = 11.4, 95% CI 9.5 to 13.6). Subjects with both panic and depression had worse symptoms than those who had only one disorder. However, the pattern of symptoms was remarkably similar, after overall severity was taken into account. Depressive symptoms associated with more severe forms of depression (e.g. guilt, suicidal thoughts or attempts, and motor disturbance) were more frequent in the comorbid group.ConclusionsThese findings may indicate a worse severity when the two disorders occur in the same individual.

A Placebo-Controlled Study Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Flexible-Dose Desvenlafaxine Treatment in Outpatients with Major Depressive Disorder

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan D. Feiger ◽  
Karen A. Tourian ◽  
Gregory R. Rosas ◽  
S. Krishna Padmanabhan
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Dose Range ◽  
Severity Of Illness ◽  
Final Evaluation ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Major Depressive

ABSTRACTIntroduction: This research compares the efficacy and safety of desvenlafaxine (administered as desvenlafaxine succinate) versus placebo in treating major depressive disorder.Methods: In this randomized, double-blind study, outpatients with major depressive disorder ≥18 years of age received desvenlafaxine 200–400 mg/day or placebo for 8 weeks. Efficacy endpoints included (primary) change in 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression score at the final evaluation (last observation carried forward, analysis of covariance) and (secondary) Clinical Global Impressions—Improvement and—Severity of Illness scales.Results: The difference between desvenlafaxine (n=117) and placebo (n=118) on the primary endpoint was not significant (−9.1 vs −7.5, P=.078). Week 8 observed cases (desvenlafaxine, n=80; placebo, n=94) results were significant (−10.7 vs −7.9, P=.008). Differences at the final evaluation (last observation carried forward) were significant for Clinical Global Impressions—Improvement (2.9 vs 2.5, P=.037) and Clinical Global Impressions—Severity of Illness (−1.9 vs −1.2, P=.041). Discontinuation rates due to adverse events (AEs) were 12% and 3% for desvenlafaxine and placebo, respectively (P=.008). The most frequently reported AE associated with desvenlafaxine was nausea (36% vs 9% [placebo]).Conclusion: In this study, the primary analysis did not show significant differences between desvenlafaxine and placebo; discontinuations due to AEs associated with the desvenlafaxine dose range may have contributed to the lack of statistical separation.

The Depressive Symptoms of Bulimia Nervosa

1986 ◽  
Vol 148 (3) ◽  
pp. 268-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Cooper ◽  
Christopher G. Fairburn
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Bulimia Nervosa ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Psychiatric Disturbance ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
State Examination ◽  
Discriminant Function Analyses

Standardised measures of mental state were used to compare patients with bulimia nervosa with those with major depressive disorder. The two groups were found to be similar in terms of severity of psychiatric disturbance, as measured by the Montgomery & Åsberg Scale and the Present State Examination. Noteworthy symptomatic differences were a greater frequency of obsessional ruminations and anxiety amongst the first group, and a greater frequency of depressed mood, apparent sadness, and suicidal ideation amongst the second. Discriminant function analyses revealed that the two patient groups had a different pattern of symptoms. Examination of the character of the psychiatric symptoms of patients with bulimia nervosa suggests that the anxiety and depressive symptoms are likely to be secondary to the eating disorder itself, rather than of primary significance.

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