The Clinical Correlates of Neurological Soft Signs in Chronic Schizophrenia

1991 ◽  
Vol 158 (6) ◽  
pp. 770-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. King ◽  
A. Wilson ◽  
S. J. Cooper ◽  
J. L. Waddington
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Drug Exposure ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Neuroleptic Drug ◽  
Ventricular Size ◽  
Neurological Soft Signs ◽  
Clinical Correlates ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenic ◽  
Positive And Negative Symptoms

Among 16 chronic schizophrenic in-patients, all had at least one neurological soft sign (NSS), and 6 (40%) had definite neurodysfunction. NSS and TD scores were highly intercorrelated, and NSS were significantly correlated with neuroleptic drug exposure. NSS correlated positively with both positive and negative symptoms and cognitive impairment but not with cerebral ventricular size on CT. Patients with neurodysfunction had more positive and negative psychopathology, cognitive impairment and TD than those without. Cerebral ventricular sizes and family histories of schizophrenia were similar in both NSS groups. The presence of NSS may be a simple but important way of identifying a subgroup of schizophrenics with neurodevelopmental predisposing abnormalities, and vulnerability to TD.

Sub-syndromes of tardive dyskinesia and some clinical correlates

1992 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 923-927 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. W. Brown ◽  
T. White
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Tardive Dyskinesia ◽  
Movement Disorder ◽  
Principal Components Analysis ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Clinical Correlates ◽  
Facial Movements ◽  
Components Analysis

SynopsisSyndromes of dyskinetic movements in subjects (N = 70) with chronic schizophrenia were investigated, using principal components analysis of AIMS ratings. Consonant with previous research, three discrete groupings were found, namely dyskinetic movements of lips-jaw-tongue, limb-truncal and facial movements. These were then related to demographic, psychological and movement disorder variables. The limb-truncal, but neither the lips-jaw-tongue nor facial movements components, were associated with negative symptoms and cognitive impairment.

Three Syndromes in Chronic Schizophrenia

1989 ◽  
Vol 155 (S7) ◽  
pp. 119-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.F. Liddle ◽  
Thomas R.E. Barnes ◽  
D. Morris ◽  
S. Haque
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Brain Abnormalities ◽  
Brain Abnormality ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Extensive Body ◽  
Positive And Negative Symptoms

In recent years, exploration of the distinction between positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia has provided a fruitful basis for attempts to relate the clinical features of schizophrenia to the accumulating evidence of brain abnormalities in schizophrenic patients. By 1982, there was an extensive body of evidence supporting the hypothesis that negative schizophrenic symptoms, such as poverty of speech and flatness of affect, were associated with substantial brain abnormalities, such as increased ventricular to brain ratio, and extensive cognitive impairment (Crow, 1980; Andreasen & Olsen, 1982). However, at that stage there were several fundamental unanswered questions about the nature of negative symptoms, and their relationship to indices of brain abnormality. This paper presents some findings of a series of studies initiated in 1982 to seek answers to some of these questions.

Rumination, Depressive Symptoms and Awareness of Illness in Schizophrenia

2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil Thomas ◽  
Darryl Ribaux ◽  
Lisa J. Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Stable Phase ◽  
Negative Thinking ◽  
The Social ◽  
Positive And Negative Symptoms

Background: Depressive symptoms are common in schizophrenia. Previous studies have observed that depressive symptoms are associated with both insight and negative appraisals of illness, suggesting that the way in which the person thinks about their illness may influence the occurrence of depressive responses. In affective disorders, one of the most well-established cognitive processes associated with depressive symptoms is rumination, a pattern of perseverative, self-focused negative thinking. Aims: This study examined whether rumination focused on mental illness was predictive of depressive symptoms during the subacute phase of schizophrenia. Method: Forty participants with a diagnosis of schizophrenia and in a stable phase of illness completed measures of rumination, depressive symptoms, awareness of illness, and positive and negative symptoms. Results: Depressive symptoms were correlated with rumination, including when controlling for positive and negative symptoms. The content of rumination frequently focused on mental illness and its causes and consequences, in particular social disability and disadvantage. Depressive symptoms were predicted by awareness of the social consequences of mental illness, an effect that was mediated by rumination. Conclusions: Results suggest that a process of perseveratively dwelling upon mental illness and its social consequences may be a factor contributing to depressive symptoms in people with chronic schizophrenia.

Tardive Dyskinesia and Type II Schizophrenia

1992 ◽  
Vol 160 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth J. B. Davis ◽  
Milind Borde ◽  
L. N. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Thought Disorder ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Positive Symptoms ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Formal Thought Disorder ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Male Patients

Cognitive impairment, negative and positive symptoms, primitive release reflexes, and age/temporal disorientation were assessed in 20 male patients meeting the DSM–III–R criteria for chronic schizophrenia and Schooler & Kane's criteria for TD. The control group comprised 20 age-matched male chronic schizophrenic patients without TD. Significant associations were found between TD, cognitive impairment, some negative symptoms, and formal thought disorder. These associations were independent of other illness and treatment variables. The severity of TD correlated significantly with that of cognitive impairment.

Cognitive impairment and negative symptoms in geriatric chronic schizophrenic patients: a follow-up study

1996 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip D. Harvey ◽  
Janel Lombardi ◽  
Martin Leibman ◽  
Leonard White ◽  
Michael Parrella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenic ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients

Positive and negative symptoms in chronic schizophrenia: A 1-year follow-up study

1990 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
C.L. Cazzullo ◽  
P Boato ◽  
E Gianpieri ◽  
G.M. Gidobio ◽  
G Invernizzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Positive And Negative Symptoms

scholarly journals Cognitive Deficit in Schizophrenia: From Etiology to Novel Treatments

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (18) ◽  
pp. 9905
Author(s):  
Antón L. Martínez ◽  
José Brea ◽  
Sara Rico ◽  
María Teresa de los Frailes ◽  
María Isabel Loza
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Cognitive Deficit ◽  
Pharmacological Treatments ◽  
Novel Treatments ◽  
Novel Drugs ◽  
Positive And Negative Symptoms ◽  
Effective Treatments

Schizophrenia is a major mental illness characterized by positive and negative symptoms, and by cognitive deficit. Although cognitive impairment is disabling for patients, it has been largely neglected in the treatment of schizophrenia. There are several reasons for this lack of treatments for cognitive deficit, but the complexity of its etiology—in which neuroanatomic, biochemical and genetic factors concur—has contributed to the lack of effective treatments. In the last few years, there have been several attempts to develop novel drugs for the treatment of cognitive impairment in schizophrenia. Despite these efforts, little progress has been made. The latest findings point to the importance of developing personalized treatments for schizophrenia which enhance neuroplasticity, and of combining pharmacological treatments with non-pharmacological measures.

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