One and Two Year Outcomes for Adults with Learning Disabilities Discharged to the Community

1996 ◽  
Vol 168 (5) ◽  
pp. 598-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Donnelly ◽  
Sinead McGilloway ◽  
Nicholas Mays ◽  
Martin Knapp ◽  
Shane Kavanagh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Problem Behaviour ◽  
Skill Levels ◽  
Repeated Measures Design ◽  
Perceived Quality Of Life ◽  
The Social ◽  
Adults With Learning Disabilities ◽  
Design Skills

BackgroundLong-stay patients with learning disabilities (n=214) were assessed in hospital and 12 and 24 months after discharge in order to examine the effects of relocation.MethodEach resident acted as his/her own control in a prospective repeated-measures design. Skills and behavioural problems were assessed by keyworkers. Self-perceived quality of life was obtained during interviews with researchers who also completed an environmental checklist of the residents' accommodation.ResultsThere was little or no change in peoples low pre-discharge skill levels. Certain aspects of problem behaviour improved after 12 months, although socially unacceptable behaviour increased slightly. People were less depressed (P ⩽ 0.01) 12 months after discharge (n=119) and were more satisfied (P ⩽ 0.05) with their new ‘homes’ (n=108). There were few changes in the pattern of activities or the social networks of people 12 months later. Little or no further change in outcomes was reported 24 months after discharge.ConclusionsThe implementation of the deinstitutionalisation policy in Northern Ireland has been limited by the predominance of residential and nursing homes and the lack of ‘ordinary’ accommodation. There is a need for purchasers and providers to give more attention to ways in which the principles of normalisation could be incorporated in the process of contracting and delivering services.

Technology-mediated task-based interaction

2019 ◽  
Vol 170 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-276
Author(s):  
Nicole Ziegler ◽  
Huy Phung
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Adult Learners ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Text Chat ◽  
Repeated Measures Design ◽  
Holistic Perspective ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
Interactional Features

Abstract This exploratory study examines the extent to which mode differentially impacts the quantity and quality of interactional features in second language (L2) task-based interaction. Following a within-subject, repeated measures design, intermediate adult learners (n = 20) completed four (counter-balanced) tasks with a confederate interlocutor in the following conditions: audio-chat, video-chat, text-chat, and multimodal chat (in which participants could interact using more than one form of communication). Quantitative analyses examined the quality of learners’ interactions, including negotiation, recasts, and LREs. Data regarding learners’ perceptions of type of technology were also collected to provide a more holistic perspective. The results demonstrate differences in terms of interactional features and learners’ preference based on mode of technology.

Evaluation of an Interdisciplinary Training Program in Palliative Care: Addressing the Needs of Rural and Northern Communities

1997 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 5-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Kristjanson ◽  
Deborah Dudgeon ◽  
Fred Nelson ◽  
Paul Henteleff ◽  
Lynda Balneaves
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Family Care ◽  
Interdisciplinary Training ◽  
Repeated Measures Design ◽  
Care Training ◽  
Care Of The Dying

Our study was a pilot test of an interdisciplinary training program in palliative care to improve the quality of care to terminally ill cancer and AIDS patients in rural and northern communities in Manitoba. The program involved two weeks of intense palliative care training for nurses, social workers, physicians, and volunteers. Four teams were trained during a six-month period. A repeated measures design was used to assess the effectiveness of the program. Results indicated that health professionals’ knowledge about care of the dying, care of individuals with HIV/AIDS, and attitudes toward care of the dying improved upon completion of the training program and remained improved three months following the program. Improvements in use of medications, increased attention to family care, increased discussion of DNR orders, and increased consultation related to symptom management were evident following the training program. The parallel training program for volunteers was also judged to be effective.

Commentary on a “unified approach to behaviours that challenge”: implementing evidence-based practice – a clinician’s perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-167
Author(s):  
Steven Carnaby
Keyword(s):  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Clinical Expertise ◽  
Unified Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Effective Implementation ◽  
Adults With Learning Disabilities

Purpose This paper aims to provide a commentary on papers in this special edition concerning the implementation of evidence-based practice from a clinician’s perspective. Design/methodology/approach The commentary makes a number of points drawing on both recent literature and the author’s own experience working as a clinician with children and adults with learning disabilities including those who are autistic whose behaviours can challenge themselves, their parents, carers and support networks. Findings Effective implementation requires clinical expertise to operate within a context of collaboration and partnership working, where co-production with those who have lived experience ensures that what clinicians offer resonates and contributes to improvements in quality of life for all. Originality/value The paper will be of value to clinicians working alongside children and adults with learning disabilities and their families, particularly clinical psychologists and behaviour specialists, and to other stakeholders wanting to enable and facilitate the development of high-quality support.

Use of Emotional and Neutral Speech in Evaluating Compression Speeds

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petri Korhonen ◽  
Francis Kuk ◽  
Christopher Slugocki ◽  
Neal Davis-Ruperto
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Paired Comparison ◽  
Emotional Speech ◽  
Repeated Measures Design ◽  
Data Collection And Analysis ◽  
Subjective Preference ◽  
Signal Processing Algorithms ◽  
Amplitude Compression ◽  
Fast Acting

Abstract Background Emotional speech differs from neutral speech in its envelope characteristics. Use of emotional speech materials may be more sensitive for evaluating signal processing algorithms that affect the temporal envelope. Purpose Subjective listener preference was compared between variable speed compression (VSC) and fast acting compression (FAC) amplitude compression algorithms using neutral and emotional speech. Research Design The study used a single-blinded, repeated measures design. Study Sample Twenty hearing-impaired (HI) listeners with a bilaterally symmetrical, mild- to-moderately severe sensorineural hearing loss and 21 listeners with normal hearing (NH) participated. Intervention Speech was processed using FAC and VSC algorithms. Data Collection and Analysis A paired-comparison paradigm assessed subjective preference for FAC versus VSC using emotional and neutral speech materials. The significance of subjective preference for compression algorithm (FAC or VSC) was evaluated using a linear mixed effects model at each combination of stimulus type (emotional or neutral speech) and hearing group (NH or HI). Results HI listeners showed a preference for VSC over FAC when listening to emotional speech. The same listeners showed a nonsignificant, preference for VSC over FAC when listening to neutral speech. NH listeners showed preference for VSC over FAC for both neutral and emotional speech materials. Conclusion These results suggest that the subjective sound quality of emotional speech is more susceptible than neutral speech to changes in the signal introduced by FAC. Clinicians should consider including emotional speech materials when evaluating listener preference for different compression speeds in the clinic.

scholarly journals An Intervention to Improve Motivation for Homework

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Akioka ◽  
Linda Gilmore
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Student Attitudes ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Intervention Effect ◽  
Repeated Measures Design ◽  
Single Sex ◽  
And Control

A repeated measures design, with randomly assigned intervention and control groups and multiple sources of information on each participant, was used to examine whether changing the method of delivery of a school's homework program in order to better meet the students’ needs for autonomy, relatedness and competence would lead to more positive student attitudes to homework, and whether there would also be a positive change in overall motivation. The participants were 104 male students aged 10 to 12 years who attended a single sex high school. There was no overall intervention effect on motivation; however, the intervention appeared to have a protective effect on the quality of motivation.

scholarly journals Impact of physical therapy on functional capacity and life quality of patients with chronic kidney disease

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 643-651 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgia Miranda Tomich ◽  
Luciana Souza Bernardino ◽  
Fabiana Oliveira Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Physical Therapy ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Repeated Measures Design ◽  
Supervised Exercise ◽  
Emotional Role

Introduction Studies have demonstrated beneficial effects of exercise in patients with chronic kidney disease, however, based on current scientific literature, more research is needed to increase evidence level of potential effects of physical activity for this population. Objective To evaluate effects of physical therapy based on the supervised exercise practice on functional capacity and life quality of patients with chronic kidney disease. Material and methods This quasi-experimental study, with repeated measures design, was conducted in the ambulatory of physical therapy, in a public hospital, located in a city of the state of Pará (north region of Brazil). Functional capacity and life quality were assessed at baseline and after six weeks of aerobic and resistance training performed three times per week on alternate days with hemodialysis. Results Eight patients (3M / 5F) with a mean age of 60.38 years (SD = 14.75) were evaluated. There was significant increase of 24% in distance walked in six minute walk test (p = 0.007), and of 47% in number of repetitions during sit-to-stand test (p = 0.002); there was also significant improvement in emotional role (p = 0.043) of life quality assessed with SF36 questionnaire. Conclusion There was a positive impact of only six weeks of rehabilitation with physical exercise on functional capacity and emotional role of life quality of patients with chronic kidney disease.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document