Grey matter abnormalities in Brazilians with first-episode
                        psychosis

BackgroundIn low-and middle-income countries people with schizophrenia are reported to experience better outcomes than those in high-income countriesAimsTo examine structural brain differences in people with first-episode psychosis and controls in BrazilMethodMagnetic resonance imaging using voxel-based morphometry was performed on 122 people with first-episode psychosis and 94 controlsResultsThere were significant decreases in grey matter in the left superior temporal and inferior prefrontal cortices, insula bilaterally and the right hippocampal region in first-episode psychosis (P<0.05, corrected for multiple comparisons). The subgroup of people with schizophrenia (n=62) exhibited a similar pattern of decrease in grey matter relative to controlsConclusionsStructural abnormalities reported in psychosis in high-income countries are also present in first-episode psychosis in Brazil

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Urbanicity and risk of first-episode psychosis: incidence study in Brazil

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.2019.110 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 215 (6) ◽

pp. 726-729 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Cristina Marta Del-Ben ◽

Rosana Shuhama ◽

Camila Marcelino Loureiro ◽

Taciana Cristina Carvalho Ragazzi ◽

Daniela Perocco Zanatta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

First Episode Psychosis ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

First Episode ◽

World Population ◽

Middle Income ◽

Middle Income Countries ◽

Episode Psychosis ◽

Gender And Age ◽

Lower Population

We estimated the incidence of first-episode psychosis over a 3-year period in a Brazilian catchment area comprising the region's main city, Ribeirão Preto (1 425 306 persons-years at risk), and 25 other municipalities with a total of 1 646 556 persons-years at risk. The incidence rates were estimated and adjusted by gender and age, using the direct standardisation method to the world population as reference. The incidence of psychosis was higher in the younger groups, men, and among Black and minority ethnic Brazilians. Psychosis incidence was lower in Ribeirão Preto (16.69/100 000 person-years at risk; 95% CI 15.68–17.70) compared with the average incidence in the remaining municipalities (21.25/100 000 person-years at risk; 95% CI 20.20–22.31), which have lower population density, suggesting a distinct role for urbanicity in the incidence of first-episode psychosis in low- and middle-income countries.

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Duration of prodromal phase and severity of volumetric abnormalities in first-episode psychosis

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.191.51.s123 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 191 (S51) ◽

pp. s123-s127 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Julia Lappin ◽

Paola Dazzan ◽

Kevin Morgan ◽

Craig Morgan ◽

Xavier Chitnis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

White Matter ◽

Medical Records ◽

Grey Matter ◽

Insular Cortex ◽

First Episode Psychosis ◽

First Episode ◽

Voxel Based Morphometry ◽

White Matter Volume ◽

Prodromal Phase ◽

Episode Psychosis

BackgroundFirst-episode psychosis is typically preceded by a prodrome in which there is deterioration in global and social functioningAimsTo examine whether the duration of the prodromal phase influences grey and white matter volumes at the onset of psychosisMethodsEighty-two people were scanned using magnetic resonance imaging when they developed a first episode of psychosis. The duration of the prodromal phase was estimated from detailed interviews and medical records. Voxel-based morphometry was used to assess neuroanatomical abnormalitiesResultsA long prodromal phase was associated with smaller grey matter volumes in the cingulate, frontal and left insular cortex, and with less white matter volume bilaterally in the superior longitudinal and uncinate fasciculi and the cingulumConclusionsThe severity of volumetric abnormalities in first-episode psychosis was greater in those with a long prodrome

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Incidence of first-contact psychosis in São Paulo, Brazil

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.191.51.s102 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 191 (S51) ◽

pp. s102-s106 ◽

Cited By ~ 47

Author(s):

Paulo R. Menezes ◽

Marcia Scazufca ◽

Geraldo F. Busatto ◽

Letícia M. S. Coutinho ◽

Philip K. Mcguire ◽

...

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

Census Data ◽

First Episode Psychosis ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

First Episode ◽

São Paulo ◽

Middle Income ◽

Middle Income Countries ◽

Episode Psychosis ◽

First Contact

BackgroundLittle is known about the incidence of first-episode psychosis in urban centres of low- or middle-income countriesAimsTo estimate the incidence of psychosis in São Paulo, a large metropolis of BrazilMethodProspective survey of first-episode psychosis among residents aged 18–64 years resident in a defined area of São Paulo, over a 30-month period (July 2002- December 2004). Assessments were carried out with the SCID–I, and diagnoses given according to DSM – IV criteria. Population at risk was drawn from the 2000 Census dataResultsThere were 367 first-episode cases identified (51% women), and almost 40% fulfilled criteria for schizophrenia or schizophreniform disorder. The incidence rate for any psychosis was 15.8/100 000 person-years at risk (95% CI 14.3–17.6). Incidence of non-affective psychoses was higher among younger malesConclusionsIncidence of psychosis in São Paulo was lower than expected for a large metropolis

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