Gefitinib versus platinum contained doublet chemotherapy in chemotherapy-naive patients with stage IIIb or IV non-small cell lung cancer of adenocarcinoma histology: A retrospective case control study

e19070 Background: The results of the ISEL study in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) suggest greater benefit of gefitinib among Asian patients and non-smokers compared with the overall trial population. Methods: We conducted a retrospective case-control study to compare outcomes for gefitinib versus platinum doublet chemotherapy as first line treatment in selected NSCLC patients (stage IIIB/IV adenocarcinoma, PS 0–2). Patient receiving platinum chemotherapy were selected on the basis of disease stage (IIIB or IV), gender, smoking history, WHO performance status (PS) (0–1, or 2) and age (< 60ys or ≥ 60ys) being matched to patients receiving gefitinib. Gefitinib and chemotherapy arm patients were selected by 1:2 ratio in order to increase statistical power. The study was approved by local institute review board. Results: 99 chemo-naïve adenocarcinoma patients treated in our institute from January 2006 to December 2007 were collected: 33 received gefitinib and 66 received chemotherapy. The baseline characteristics are listed in table 1 . The median duration of follow-up was 10 months. Patients receiving gefitinib experienced significantly higher ORR and DCR, and prolonged PFS ( table 1 ). Patients receiving chemotherapy experienced more frequent grade 3–4 neutropenia (42.4% vs 0%), thrombocytopenia (21.2% Vs 0%), febrile neutropenia (7.5% vs 0%) and nausea (24.2% vs 3.0%). The most commonly recorded adverse events in the gefitinib arm were rash/acne (9.1%), diarrhea (3.0%), nausea (3.0%) and anemia (3.0%). Conclusions: The limitations of case-control studies are acknowledged, yet these results were supported by IPASS. Gefitinib as first-line treatment confers clinically relevant benefit in Asian NSCLC patients with adenocarcinoma histology versus platinum based chemotherapy. [Table: see text] [Table: see text]