Incidence of peripheral neuropathy in patients with colorectal cancer receiving oxaliplatin alone vs. radiation therapy and oxaliplatin.
e18281 Background: Peripheral sensory neuropathy (PN) is a known dose limiting toxicity of oxaliplatin, used to treat patients with colorectal cancer. Patients with rectal cancer receive radiation therapy (RT) in addition to oxaliplatin in adjuvant setting. Pelvic radiation causes plexopathy due to demyelination, ischemia due to blood-vessel injury, and nerve fibrosis. To assess if RT increases the incidence of peripheral neuropathy, we conducted an analysis of patients with colorectal cancer treated with oxaliplatin alone vs. oxaliplatin and radiation. Methods: A retrospective analysis of subjects with stages II, III, and IV rectal (R) and colon (C) cancer from 2005 to 2014 was conducted. Only subjects receiving O with or without RT were included. The incidence of PN was compared for increase in subjects receiving both O and RT compared to O alone via one-sided chi-square tests at 5% alpha, both overall and after subgrouping by stage. Results: Out of 261 subjects analyzed, 158 met the study’s criteria. There were 97 C (all received only O) and 61 R (10 received only O; 51 received O+RT). PN occurred in 37% (19/51) of subjects receiving O+RT compared to 22% (24/107) receiving only O ( P= 0.025). In Stage II-III disease, PN occurred at nearly equal rates of 36% (14/39) in subjects receiving O+RT and 33% (16/46) in subjects receiving O only ( P= 0.457). However, in Stage IV disease, PN occurred in 42% (5/12) of subjects receiving O+RT compared to 13% (8/61) of subjects receiving only O ( P= 0.009). Conclusions: In our study, the incidence of PN was higher in subjects receiving both RT and O compared to O alone. Although our study did not show higher PN in stages II and III disease, patients with rectal cancer may have residual neurotoxicity from previous radiation and the subsequent exposure to oxaliplatin may be contributing to the cumulative toxicity. [Table: see text]