Predictive value of tumor growth rate during previous treatment for tumor response to regorafenib (REGO) and trifluridine/tipiracil (TFTD) in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC).

766 Background: Although REGO and TFTD have been recognized as standard salvage treatments for patients (pts) with refractory mCRC, it is still unclear which drug should be used first. Tumor growth rate (TGR) during the pre-treatment period is associated with survival in lung and laryngeal cancer treated with chemoradiotherapy. However, little is known about the association between TGR during the pre-treatment period and tumor response to REGO and TFTD. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data of consecutive mCRC pts who were treated with REGO or TFTD at three institutions. We classified pts into slow-growing (SG) or rapid-growing (RG) groups according to TGR, and appearance of new lesions (NL+) or their absence (NL–) during the pre-treatment period. TGR was calculated as follows: TGR = (D1 − D0)/100D0 (CT1 − CT0), where CT1 is the date of computed tomography (CT) at progressive disease, CT0 is the date of CT before CT1, and Dn is the sum of target lesion diameters at CTn (according to RECIST version 1.1). SG was defined as NL– with a low TGR ( < 0.33), and RG was defined as NL− with a high TGR (≥0.33) or NL+, irrespective of TGR. Results: A total of 244 pts (RG/SG: 133/111, REGO/TFTD: 132/112) were eligible. The proportion of RG pts with a long duration from first-line chemotherapy and SG pts with elevated ALP was higher in the REGO group, while the proportion of SG pts with poor PS was higher in the TFTD group. The disease control rate (DCR) was similar in both groups (REGO 29% vs TFTD 23%, p = 0.556) among RG pts, while the DCR of TFTD was significantly better than REGO in SG pts In a multivariate analysis of predictive factors for DCR, drug selection was an independent factor for DCR in SG pts (odds ratio 3.51; 95% CI 1.33-9.27; p = 0.011). In RG group, DCRs of NL+ pts were worse than that of NL- pts (16% vs 36% in REGO group, p = 0.109; 9% vs. 31% in TFTD group, 0.108). Conclusions: TGR during the pre-treatment period would be helpful in selecting between REGO and TFTD, especially for pts with slow-growing tumors. Pts with appearance of new lesions may not benefit from either REGO or TFTD as salvage treatment.

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Impact of tumor growth rate during preceding treatment on tumor response to nivolumab or irinotecan in advanced gastric cancer.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2019.37.4_suppl.84 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 37 (4_suppl) ◽

pp. 84-84 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kyoko Kato ◽

Toshiki Masuishi ◽

Kunihiro Fushiki ◽

Shintaro Nakano ◽

Takeshi Kawakami ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gastric Cancer ◽

Growth Rate ◽

Tumor Growth ◽

Advanced Gastric Cancer ◽

Tumor Response ◽

Target Lesion ◽

Tumor Growth Rate ◽

Prior Use ◽

Almost All ◽

Ecog Ps

84 Background: Although nivolumab (NIVO) and irinotecan (IRI) are recognized as standard third-line and further treatments for patients (pts) with advanced gastric cancer (AGC), the drug that should be administered first remains unclear. Conversely, tumor growth rate (TGR) during preceding treatment was associated with tumor response to regorafenib or trifluridine/tipiracil in colorectal cancer. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 212 pts with AGC treated with NIVO or IRI for the first time between January 2015 and June 2018 at three institutions. The main inclusion criteria were ECOG PS of 0–2, prior use of fluoropyrimidines and taxanes, and no prior use of NIVO or IRI. Pts were classified into slow- (SG) and rapid- (RG) growing groups according to TGR and presence or absence of new lesions (NL) during preceding treatment. TGR = (D1 − D0)/100D0 (CT1 − CT0), where CT1 is the date of CT at PD during preceding treatment, CT0 is the date of CT before CT1, and Dn is the sum of target lesion diameters at CTn. SG and RG were defined as NL− with low TGR and NL− with high TGR or NL+, respectively. TGR cut-off value was defined as a median TGR of 0.30%/day. Results: A total of 117 pts (RG/SG, 72/45; NIVO/IRI, 32/85) were eligible. Almost all baseline characteristics were similar between the NIVO and IRI groups among the RG or SG, whereas the proportion of pts with peritoneum metastases was higher in the NIVO group than in the IRI group among the RG. The response rate (RR) was significantly higher with NIVO than with IRI [31% vs. 3%, odds ratio (OR): 13.8, p = 0.01; adjusted OR (aOR): 52, p = 0.002] among the SG, whereas it was comparable between both drugs (5% vs. 8%, OR: 0.68, p = 0.73; aOR: 0.94, p = 0.96) among the RG. PFS was longer with NIVO than with IRI [median PFS (mPFS) 4.2 vs. 1.9 months (m), hazard ratio (HR): 0.50, p = 0.10] among the SG, whereas it was shorter with NIVO than with IRI (mPFS 1.6 vs. 2.1 m, HR: 1.37, p = 0.28) in the RG. Conclusions: RR was higher with NIVO than with IRI among slow growing tumors, whereas it was comparable between both drugs among rapid growing tumors. TGR during preceding treatment might be helpful for drug selection in pts with AGC who are considered for treatment with NIVO or IRI.

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Volumetric Growth Rate of Recurrent Pleomorphic Adenoma

Annals of Otology Rhinology & Laryngology ◽

10.1177/0003489417708794 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 126 (7) ◽

pp. 544-547 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Molly Naunheim ◽

Xin Wu ◽

William R. Ryan ◽

Steven J. Wang ◽

Chase M. Heaton

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Tumor Growth ◽

Pleomorphic Adenoma ◽

Medical Center ◽

Academic Medical Center ◽

Case Series ◽

Magnetic Resonance Images ◽

Tumor Growth Rate ◽

Slow Growing ◽

Recurrent Pleomorphic Adenoma

Objectives: Surgery for recurrent pleomorphic adenoma (PA) can be challenging and may increase the risk of operative complications, particularly facial nerve weakness. As observation may be a viable alternative to surgery for slow-growing tumors, our objective was to assess the growth rate of recurrent PAs. Study Design: This study is a case series of patients at our tertiary academic medical center with recurrent PA. Two magnetic resonance images (MRI) were compared; total volume (TV) of recurrent tumor on both studies was calculated to obtain our main outcomes of percent change in TV and tumor growth rate. Results: Fourteen patients with recurrent PA had a median interval time between MRI of 12.8 months. Though growth rates were variable, the median continuous compound growth per year was 10.2%. Notably, 3 patients (21%) had no growth, and 2 patients (14%) had a reduction in TV. Conclusions: The median growth rate for enlarging tumors is estimated at 10.2% per year. Due to variability, tumor growth rate should be estimated on an individual patient basis. For slow-growing tumors, physicians may weigh the risk of this slow growth with the morbidity of reoperation.

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Does Pre-treatment Metabolic Tumor Growth Rate (MTGR) Predict Progression in Lung Cancer?

International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics ◽

10.1016/j.ijrobp.2009.07.1020 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 75 (3) ◽

pp. S446

Author(s):

D.V. Eastham ◽

C.H. Chapman ◽

A.K. Rao ◽

B. Narasimhan ◽

A. Quon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Growth Rate ◽

Tumor Growth ◽

Tumor Growth Rate ◽

Pre Treatment

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Conservative Treatment of Patients with Acoustic Tumors

Neurosurgery ◽

10.1227/00006123-199105000-00002 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 28 (5) ◽

pp. 646-651 ◽

Cited By ~ 115

Author(s):

Joshua B. Bederson ◽

Klaus von Ammon ◽

Werner W. Wichmann ◽

Gazi M. Yasargil

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Conservative Treatment ◽

Tumor Growth ◽

Tumor Size ◽

Tumor Growth Rate ◽

Computed Tomographic ◽

High Incidence ◽

The Mean ◽

Slow Growing

Abstract Seventy of 178 patients with acoustic tumors initially were treated conservatively and have been followed up for an average of 26 ± 2 months. The tumor size was determined by the mean maximum anteroposterior and mediolateral diameters, using computed tomographic or magnetic resonance imaging scans obtained sequentially throughout the follow-up period. The average tumor growth was 1.6 ± 0.4 mm the 1st year, and 1.9 ± 1.0 mm the 2nd year (range, -2 to 17 mm/y): 4 tumors showed apparent regression, 28 (40%) had no detectable growth, and 37 (53%) exhibited growth (average, 3.8 ± 1.2 mm/y). Within individual patients, the tumor growth rate determined during the 1st year of follow-up was predictive of tumor growth rate during the following year. Rapid tumor growth or clinical deterioration in 9 of the 70 patients (13%) who initially were treated conservatively necessitated subsequent surgery an average of 14 ± 5 months after the patient was initially seen. This group had a larger initial tumor size (27.0 ± 3.4 mm vs. 21.3 ± 0.9 mm, P<0.05), and a faster 1-year growth rate (7.9 ± 2.3 mm/y vs. 1.3 ± 0.3 mm/y, P<0.05) than the 61 patients who did not require surgery. Two patients, however, experienced neurological deterioration that required surgery, even though there was no tumor growth. The high incidence of acoustic tumors with no detectable growth or apparent spontaneous regression must be taken into account when evaluating the indications for surgery and the efficacy of radiotherapy. Beacuse surgery carries some risk and acoustic tumors are generally slow growing, a trial of conservative treatment is possible in selected patients, provided serial radiological studies are obtained. Knowledge of the tumor growth rate established by these studies may be helpful in the treatment of individual patients.

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Impact of tumor growth rate during preceding treatment on tumor response to nivolumab or irinotecan in advanced gastric cancer

ESMO Open ◽

10.1016/j.esmoop.2021.100179 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 100179

Author(s):

K. Kato ◽

T. Masuishi ◽

K. Fushiki ◽

S. Nakano ◽

Y. Kawamoto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gastric Cancer ◽

Growth Rate ◽

Tumor Growth ◽

Advanced Gastric Cancer ◽

Tumor Response ◽

Tumor Growth Rate

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Tumor growth characteristics of the Walker 256 AR tumor, a regressive variant of the rat Walker 256 A tumor

Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology ◽

10.1590/s1516-89132010000500014 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 53 (5) ◽

pp. 1101-1108 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Fernando Guimarães ◽

Alessandra Soares Schanoski ◽

Tereza Cristina Samico Cavalcanti ◽

Priscila Bianchi Juliano ◽

Ana Neuza Viera-Matos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Tumor Growth ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Tumor Regression ◽

Growth Characteristics ◽

Tumor Growth Rate ◽

Continuous Growth ◽

Tumor Bearing ◽

Walker 256 ◽

Complete Tumor

The present study aimed at characterizing the subcutaneous development of the Walker 256 (W256) AR tumor, a regressive variant of the rat W256 A tumor. Wistar rats were injected subcutaneously with 4x10(6) W256 A or W256 AR tumor cells. The development of tumors was evaluated daily by percutaneous measurements. None of the W256 A tumors (n=20) regressed, but 62% of the W256 AR tumor-bearing rats (n=21) underwent complete tumor regression within 35 days. Continuous growth of AR tumors was characterized by an increase of the tumor growth rate from day 12, which reached values above 1.0 g/day, and were significantly higher (p<0.05) than those of the regressive AR tumors. Immunosuppression by irradiation before subcutaneous injection of AR cells completely abrogated tumor regression and was associated with severe metastatic dissemination. Daily evaluation of the tumor growth rate enabled the discrimination, in advance, between continuously growing tumors and those that regressed later on.

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Targeted Treatment of Experimental Spinal Cord Glioma With Dual Gene-Engineered Human Neural Stem Cells

Neurosurgery ◽

10.1227/neu.0000000000001174 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 79 (3) ◽

pp. 481-491 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Alexander E. Ropper ◽

Xiang Zeng ◽

Hariprakash Haragopal ◽

Jamie E. Anderson ◽

Zaid Aljuboori ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Spinal Cord ◽

Stem Cells ◽

Growth Rate ◽

Neural Stem Cells ◽

Tumor Growth ◽

Rat Model ◽

Weight Bearing ◽

Tumor Growth Rate ◽

Intramedullary Spinal Cord ◽

Human Neural Stem Cells

Abstract BACKGROUND There are currently no satisfactory treatments or experimental models showing autonomic dysfunction for intramedullary spinal cord gliomas (ISCG). OBJECTIVE To develop a rat model of ISCG and investigate whether genetically engineered human neural stem cells (F3.hNSCs) could be developed into effective therapies for ISCG. METHODS Immunodeficient/Rowett Nude rats received C6 implantation of G55 human glioblastoma cells (10K/each). F3.hNSCs engineered to express either cytosine deaminase gene only (i.e., F3.CD) or dual genes of CD and thymidine kinase (i.e., F3.CD-TK) converted benign 5-fluorocytosine and ganciclovir into oncolytic 5-fluorouracil and ganciclovir-triphosphate, respectively. ISCG rats received injection of F3.CD-TK, F3.CD, or F3.CD-TK debris near the tumor epicenter 7 days after G55 seeding, followed with 5-FC (500 mg/kg/5 mL) and ganciclovir administrations (25 mg/kg/1 mL/day × 5/each repeat, intraperitoneal injection). Per humane standards for animals, loss of weight-bearing stepping in the hindlimb was used to determine post-tumor survival. Also evaluated were autonomic functions and tumor growth rate in vivo. RESULTS ISCG rats with F3.CD-TK treatment survived significantly longer (37.5 ± 4.78 days) than those receiving F3.CD (21.5 ± 1.75 days) or F3.CD-TK debris (19.3 ± 0.85 days; n = 4/group; P <.05, median rank test), with significantly improved autonomic function and reduced tumor growth rate. F3.DC-TK cells migrated diffusively into ISCG clusters to mediate oncolytic effect. CONCLUSION Dual gene-engineered human neural stem cell regimen markedly prolonged survival in a rat model that emulates somatomotor and autonomic dysfunctions of human cervical ISCG. F3.CD-TK may provide a novel approach to treating clinical ISCG.

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