Incidence of second primary neoplasms among cancer survivors in the United States, 2000 through 2015.

1586 Background: The number of cancer survivors in the United States is projected to exceed 20 million by 2024. Survivors are at risk of developing a second primary neoplasm (SPN) – a leading cause of survivor death. We described the risk of developing a SPN among survivors of common cancers (smoking-related vs non-smoking-related) in the United States. Methods: We identified patients aged ≥18 years who were diagnosed with a primary cancer from the 10 sites with highest survival rates and stratified as smoking-related (urinary bladder, kidney & renal pelvis, uterine cervix, oral cavity & pharynx, and colon & rectum) and non-smoking related (prostate, thyroid, breast, corpus & uterus, and non-Hodgkin lymphoma) from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (2000-2015). SPN was defined as the first subsequent primary cancer occurring ≥2 months after first cancer diagnosis. Excess SPN risk was quantified using standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) stratified by sex. Results: A cohort of 2,908,349 patients (50.1% female) was identified and 260,267 (9.0%) developed SPN (7.6% of females and 10.3% of males). All index cancer sites were associated with a significant increase in SPN risk for females and males (except prostate cancer). Index smoking-related cancers (SIR range 1.20 – 2.17 for females and 1.12 – 1.91 for males) had higher increased risk of SPN than non-smoking-related cancers (SIR range 1.08 – 1.39 for females and 0.55 – 1.38 for males) relative to the general population. Conclusions: Nearly 10% of cancer survivors developed an SPN, and those with smoking-related cancers had higher risk. Given the increasing number of cancer survivors and importance of SPN as a cause of cancer death, these findings can improve secondary prevention and surveillance guidelines. [Table: see text]

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Risk of second primary malignancies among cancer survivors in the United States, 1992 through 2008

Cancer ◽

10.1002/cncr.30164 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 122 (19) ◽

pp. 3075-3086 ◽

Cited By ~ 96

Author(s):

Nicholas Donin ◽

Christopher Filson ◽

Alexandra Drakaki ◽

Hung-Jui Tan ◽

Alex Castillo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Cancer Survivors ◽

The United States ◽

Second Primary ◽

Second Primary Malignancies

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Leiomyosarcoma as a Second Metachronous Malignant Neoplasm Following Colon Adenocarcinoma. A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Sarcoma ◽

10.1080/13577140120048926 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 31-33

Author(s):

A. Mavrodontidis ◽

Ch. Zalavras ◽

A. Skopelitou ◽

V. Karavasilis ◽

E. Briasoulis

Keyword(s):

Malignant Neoplasm ◽

Colon Adenocarcinoma ◽

Second Primary ◽

Primary Cancer ◽

Review Of The Literature ◽

Second Primary Neoplasms ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Primary Neoplasms ◽

Second Primary Malignancies

Long-term cancer survivors are at increased risk for the development of second primary malignancies. This is usually associated with common genetic and etiologic factors and the treatment modality used for the primary cancer. In this paper we describe the case of a patient who developed a leiomyosarcoma in his left arm 5 years after he had a colon adenocarcinoma resected. Both primary tumours were treated successfully with surgical resection alone. The literature regarding second primary neoplasms, specifically focused on sarcomas, is briefly reviewed.

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The risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with previous malignancy

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.17075 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽

pp. 17075-17075

Author(s):

A. B. Siegel ◽

R. B. McBride ◽

H. El-Serag ◽

D. Hershman ◽

L. Zablotska ◽

...

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Kaposi's Sarcoma ◽

Kaposi’S Sarcoma ◽

The United States ◽

Head And Neck Cancers ◽

Second Primary ◽

Primary Cancer

17075 Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignancies in the world. Its incidence has doubled over the past 20 years in the United States. Determination of the pattern of occurrence of HCC as a second primary malignancy might give clues for new risk factors for HCC, or may reveal common genetic or environmental risks. Methods: We identified patients with a diagnosis of a second primary HCC between 1973 and 2002 using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End-Results Program (SEER) a compilation of population-based cancer registries in the United States, to calculate the observed to expected (O/E) frequency of second primary HCC after a different primary cancer. We stratified by ethnicity, latency from the year of diagnosis of primary cancer to HCC diagnosis, and period of diagnosis of primary cancer as early (1973–1987) or late (1987–2002). Results: We reviewed 1,931,911 subjects with cancer, and identified 1,185 second primary HCC cases. Overall, a second primary HCC after any primary cancer was less frequent than expected (O/E=0.82, 95% CI=0.77–0.87). We found positive associations with head and neck cancers (oral cavity/pharynx O/E=2.1, 95% CI=1.7–2.5), Kaposi's sarcoma (O/E=3.3, 95% CI=1.2–7.1) and Hodgkin's disease (O/E=2.3, 95% CI=1.2–4.0). Negative associations were seen for breast cancer (O/E=0.7, 95% CI=0.6–0.8), colorectal cancer (O/E=0.6, 95% CI=0.6–0.8), and prostate cancer (O/E=0.7, 95%CI=0.6–0.8). Overall, lower O/E ratios were seen in whites, while in African Americans and those of other races, the O/E ratios were close to one. Latency times were relatively short for head and neck cancers and Kaposi's sarcoma (most within 12–59 months), and greater than 120 months for most cases of HCC after Hodgkin's disease. All cases of Kaposi's sarcoma were seen in the later time period. Conclusions: These results highlight possible shared risk factors of alcohol ingestion and viral exposures which may predispose to second primary HCC after other primary malignancies. Providers should maintain heightened alertness for second primary HCC in these patients, especially those with head and neck cancers and HIV. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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Risk of second primary papillary thyroid cancer among adult cancer survivors in the United States, 2000-2015

Cancer Epidemiology ◽

10.1016/j.canep.2019.101664 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 64 ◽

pp. 101664 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Sara J. Schonfeld ◽

Lindsay M. Morton ◽

Amy Berrington de González ◽

Rochelle E. Curtis ◽

Cari M. Kitahara

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Thyroid Cancer ◽

Cancer Survivors ◽

Papillary Thyroid Cancer ◽

The United States ◽

Second Primary ◽

Papillary Thyroid ◽

Adult Cancer Survivors

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Determinants of Second Primary Cancer Type in Survivors of Virus-Related and Non-Virus-Related Cancer Living With HIV in the French Dat’AIDS Cohort

Cancer Control ◽

10.1177/10732748211066310 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 28 ◽

pp. 107327482110663

Author(s):

Isabelle Poizot-Martin ◽

Caroline Lions ◽

Clotilde Allavena ◽

Pierre Delobel ◽

Anne Fresard ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cancer Survivors ◽

Hiv Transmission ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Second Primary ◽

Cancer Type ◽

Primary Cancer ◽

Second Primary Cancer ◽

Hiv Diagnosis ◽

Monitoring Strategies ◽

Increased Risk

Objectives People who survive after primary cancer are at an increased risk for subsequent primary cancers. We aimed to investigate the possible determinants of second primary cancer (SPC) in HIV-positive cancer survivors. Methods This was a multicenter retrospective study using longitudinal data from the French Dat’AIDS cohort. Subjects who developed at least 2 primary cancers were selected. Cancer cases were identified using ICD10 codes and distributed in 3 cancer categories: AIDS-defining cancer (ADC), virus-related non-ADC (VR-NADC), and virus-unrelated-NADC (VU-NADC). The possible determinants considered were the first primary cancer category, sex, age, HIV transmission route, duration of HIV infection follow-up, duration of ART exposure, nadir CD4+ T cell count, and hepatitis C and hepatitis B serostatus. Results Among the 44642 patients in the Dat’AIDS cohort, 4855 were diagnosed with cancer between 1 December 1983 and 31 December 2015, of whom 444 (9.1%) developed at least 2 primary cancers: 130 ADCs, 85 VR-NADCs, and 229 VU-NADCs. A longer delay between the first primary cancer and the SPC was associated with an increased risk of occurrence of a VR-NADC rather than a secondary ADC. Having had a first primary VU-NADC, an older age, and a longer delay between the HIV diagnosis and the first primary cancer as well as between the first primary cancer and the SPC were associated with an increased risk of VU-NADC rather than ADC. Conclusion SPCs are now a major concern in HIV-positive cancer survivors justifying the development of monitoring strategies after a first cancer.

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Prevalence and Spectrum of Second Primary Malignancies among People Living with HIV in the French Dat’AIDS Cohort

Cancers ◽

10.3390/cancers14020401 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 401

Author(s):

Isabelle Poizot-Martin ◽

Caroline Lions ◽

Cyrille Delpierre ◽

Alain Makinson ◽

Clotilde Allavena ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Cancer Survivors ◽

Kaposi Sarcoma ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Second Primary ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Cancer Type ◽

Primary Cancer ◽

Skin Carcinoma ◽

Non Hodgkin Lymphoma

Background: We aimed to describe the prevalence and spectrum of second primary cancer (SPC) in HIV-positive cancer survivors. Methods: A multicenter retrospective study was performed using longitudinal data from the French Dat’AIDS cohort. Subjects who had developed at least two primary cancers were selected. The spectrum of SPCs was stratified by the first primary cancer type and by sex. Results: Among the 44,642 patients in the Dat’AIDS cohort, 4855 were diagnosed with cancer between 1 December 1983 and 31 December 2015, of whom 444 (9.1%) developed at least two primary cancers. The most common SPCs in men were non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) (22.8%), skin carcinoma (10%) and Kaposi sarcoma (KS) (8.4%), and in women the most common SPCs were breast cancer (16%), skin carcinoma (9.3%) and NHL (8%). The pattern of SPCs differed according to first primary cancer and by sex: in men, NHL was the most common SPC after primary KS and KS was the most common SPC after primary NHL; while in women, breast cancer was the most common SPC after primary NHL and primary breast cancer. Conclusion: The frequency and pattern of subsequent cancers among HIV-positive cancer survivors differed according to the first primary cancer type and sex.

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239Incidence and potential risk factors of a second primary cancer among 217,702 colorectal cancer survivors

International Journal of Epidemiology ◽

10.1093/ije/dyab168.388 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

Yingju Tseng ◽

Linda Liang ◽

Stefanie J Klug

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Cancer Survivors ◽

Potential Risk ◽

Tumour Size ◽

Second Primary ◽

Primary Cancer ◽

Second Primary Cancer ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Potential Risk Factors

Abstract Background Survival of colorectal cancer (CRC) has improved markedly but risk of an independent second primary cancer (SPC) increases. We determined incidence and potential risk factors of SPC following CRC. Methods We obtained data from 217,202 CRC cases (ICD-10 C18-C20, aged ≥20 years) diagnosed between 1990-2013 from the German Centre for Cancer Registry Data. Cancers arising in a distinct site (excluding non-melanoma skin cancer) and/or of a different histology group were classified as SPCs. Standardised incidence ratios (SIR) and 95% confidence intervals compared the excess risk to the general population, stratified by age, sex and CRC sub-site. Cox proportional hazards models identified potential risk factors of SPC. Results Following CRC (median age 70 years), 18,751 SPCs occurred (8.63%; median age 69 years). SPC incidence increased by 36% in males (SIR: 1.36 [1.34-1.38]), 46% in females (SIR: 1.46 [1.43-1.49]) and doubled for cases <65 years (SIR: 2.08 [1.99-2.17]). Common SPC sites following colon cancer included the small intestine, stomach, liver, pancreas, bladder and kidney. Common male-specific sites included prostate and in females: breast, uterus and ovary. Similar sites were observed following rectal cancer, particularly in cases <65 years. Age, male sex and tumour size (T1, T2) were potential risk factors of SPC. Therapy of CRC (including radiotherapy) did not demonstrate an elevated risk. Conclusions CRC survivors have an increased risk of SPC, particularly due to age, sex and tumour size. Key messages Colorectal cancer survivors have an increased risk of a SPC. Age, sex and tumour size are associated risk factors.

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