scholarly journals Predictors of Cervical Cancer Screening Amongst Women Aged 25 - 49 in Botswana: A Pilot Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement 2) ◽  
pp. 6s-6s
Author(s):  
B. Koyabe
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Behavioral Intentions ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Subjective Norms ◽  
Perceived Behavioral Control ◽  
Perceived Power

Background: Cervical cancer is the fourth leading type of cancer in women worldwide (World Health Organization, 2015, Joshi et al, 2015). According to McFarland (2009) cervical cancer is the most common cancer leading to mortality and mobility among women in Botswana. Health Statistics Botswana (1995) noted that cervical cancer incidents continue to rise each year. It is even direr to have higher mortality and mobility among women in Botswana happening among a population that the HIV incidence and/or prevalence are humanly high. It is therefore crucial for developing countries like Botswana to take action just like the developed countries to determine the factors that predict screening for cervical cancer behaviors among Batswana women. These factors will be used to inform the design of the intervention that will lower the burden and associated morbidity and mortality of cervical cancer in Botswana. Aim: The major aim of this pilot study was to identify factors among Batswana women in going for screening for cervical cancer. The specific aims were to identify the norms and beliefs that influence cervical cancer screening among women in Botswana aged 25-49 years thus to identifying the attitudes, behavioral intentions, subjective norms, social norms, perceived power, and perceived behavioral control about cervical cancer screening among women aged 25-49 years in Botswana. Methods: In this research study, a qualitative research paradigm research approach was used to understand people's attitudes, behavioral intentions, subjective norms, social norms, perceived power, and perceived behavioral control. The study was guided by the theory of reasoned action (TRA) and its extension the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and the social cognitive theory to conduct this elicitation phase. The study was then informed by this elicitation phase to design and administer, as the quantitative phase, the survey instrument to determine the predictors for going for cervical cancer screening among women in Botswana aged 25-49 years. This instrument was administered to 115 women among the targeted population at Mochudi and Moshupa. Results: Results of this study will reveal the knowledge about cervical cancer, the behavioral beliefs, normative beliefs and control beliefs held by Batswana women that contribute to their actions to go or not to go for cervical cancer screening. Conclusion: The findings will be used to design the intervention that will target to promote the going of cervical cancer screening among women aged 25-49 years in Botswana.

Attitude, social norms, and perceived behavioral control influence the academic integrity-related behavioral intentions of graduate students

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Ting Yang ◽  
Yungui Wang ◽  
Jun Deng ◽  
Chunji Huang
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Students ◽  
Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Planned Behavior ◽  
Academic Integrity ◽  
Behavioral Intentions ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Subjective Norms ◽  
Perceived Behavioral Control ◽  
Postgraduate Students

Graduate students have become the driving force of scientific research at Chinese universities. Therefore, further work is needed to understand what influences postgraduate students' academic integrity. Using the theory of planned behavior, this study investigated the relationships between postgraduates' attitude toward academic integrity, social norms (subjective, descriptive, and moral), perceived behavioral control, and intentions, and examined the moderating role of social identity in the relationship between social norms and intentions. We conducted a survey with 1,256 Chinese biomedical postgraduate students, and analyzed the data with structural equation modeling. The results show that attitude, subjective norms, descriptive norms, and perceived behavioral control influenced students' academic integrity-related behavioral intentions. The model explained over half of the variance in intentions, indicating that attitude, subjective norms, descriptive norms, and perceived behavioral control were the main variables influencing academic integrity-related behaviors. The theory of planned behavior can be applied in research on postgraduates' academic integrity.

scholarly journals Determining behavioral intention and its predictors towards cervical cancer screening among women in Gomma district, Jimma, Ethiopia: Application of the theory of planned behavior

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. e0238472
Author(s):  
Wadu Wollancho ◽  
Demuma Amdissa ◽  
Shemsedin Bamboro ◽  
Yitbarek Wasihun ◽  
Kasahun Girma Tareke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Planned Behavior ◽  
Behavioral Intention ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Subjective Norm ◽  
Perceived Behavioral Control

Background Cervical Cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths among Ethiopian women. Despite many interventions were conducted, there is low uptake of cervical cancer screening services. Also, limited evidence was available on the women’s intention and its predictors towards cervical cancer screening. Therefore, this study was aimed at determining the intention and predicators of behavioral intention toward cervical cancer screening. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Gomma district, Jimma, Ethiopia from August 1–30, 2019. The total sample sizes were 422 and a systematic random sampling technique was employed to select the samples. Data were collected through interviews using a structured questionnaire guide. Data were entered in epidata, and exported and analyzed using SPSS version 20.0 software. Descriptive, correlation, and multicollinearity analysis were done. Also, simple and multiple linear regression analysis were performed to identify the predictors for behavioral intention. The p-value<0.05 was used to declare a significant association. Result The response rate was 382 (90.5%). The mean age of the participants was of 26.45 (SD = 4.76). Direct attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control had a mean score of 16.78 (SD = 2.87), 15.61(SD = 1.92), and 12.86 (SD = 4.85), respectively. The intention has a mean score of 14.52 (SD = 4.01). From regression analysis, direct attitude (B = 0.346, p<0.001), direct subjective norm (B = 0.288, p = 0.008), direct perceived behavioral control (B = 0.132, p = 0.002) indirect attitude (B = 0.015, p = 0.019) and the indirect perceived behavioral control (B = 0.132, p = 0.002) were statistically significant with intention. Conclusion From this study, it was understood that women’s intention towards cervical cancer screening was low. The predictors were the direct and indirect attitude, direct and indirect subjective norm, direct and indirect perceived behavioral control. This calls a need to develop strategies and take action to improve the attitude of women and their influential peoples and increase sense of control to improve their intention to screen for cervical cancer. Moreover, health care providers should have to conduct social and behavioral change communication to improve women’s health seeking behavior towards cervical cancer screening applying the concept of theory of planned behavior.

Perceived Behavioral Control Over Cervical Cancer Screening Measure

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelica M. Roncancio ◽  
Kristy K. Ward ◽  
Ingrid A. Sanchez ◽  
Miguel A. Cano ◽  
Theresa L. Byrd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Perceived Behavioral Control ◽  
Screening Measure

scholarly journals Intention to Screen for Cervical Cancer in Debre Berhan Town, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia: Application of Theory of Planned Behavior

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomas Getahun ◽  
Mirgissa Kaba ◽  
Behailu Tariku Derseh
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Planned Behavior ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Perceived Behavioral Control ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Debre Berhan

Background. Cervical cancer is a major public health problem in many developing countries. Despite the value of screening to prevent morbidity and mortality from cervical cancer, little available literature shows early detection and treatment to be limited in Ethiopia. The aim of this study was to determine the magnitude of and identify factors associated with women’s intention to screen for cervical cancer using the theory of planned behavior. Methods. A community-based cross-sectional study design supplemented with a qualitative approach was employed. Using multistage sampling, a total of 821 women were used in the study. An interviewer-administered survey questionnaire was used to collect quantitative data, whereas purposively selected 12 female health care providers were included in in-depth interviews. Descriptive statistics and simple and multiple binary logistic regression analysis were used to determine the magnitude of women’s intention, identify associated factors, and explore barriers for intention to cervical cancer screening among Debre Berhan women, Ethiopia. The statistical association was determined at a P value of less than 0.05. Moreover, thematic analysis was used to search the hindrances of women’s intention to screen for cervical cancer. Results. The median age of women who participated in this study was 39 years with IQR of 35 to 42 years. Three hundred sixty-one (361, 45.3%) of women had an intention to screen for cervical cancer within three months from the date of the interview. Positive attitude towards cervical cancer screening (AOR=6.164; 95% CI: 4.048, 9.387), positive subjective norm (AOR=2.001; 95% CI: 1.342, 2.982), and higher perceived behavioral control (AOR=7.105; 95% CI: 4.671, 10.807) were predictors of the women’s intention to screen for cervical cancer. The qualitative finding revealed that women did not like to be screened for cervical cancer because they thought that procedure pinch the cervix and it may result in perforating the uterus that would expose them for infertility. In addition, the qualitative findings supported quantitative results, where the constructs of the theory of planned behavior play an essential role in the betterment of women’s intention. Conclusion. This study showed that women’s intention to screen for cervical cancer was low. Positive attitudes towards cervical cancer screening (CCS), subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control were predictors of women’s intention to screen for cervical cancer. Thus, efforts should be exerted to improve the attitude of women involving influential people, which could improve women’s intention for cervical cancer screening. Moreover, behavioral change communication focusing on the constructs of the theory of planned behavior is crucial.

scholarly journals Behavioral intentions of technology teachers to implement an engineering-focused curriculum

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuang-Chao Yu ◽  
Pai-Hsing Wu ◽  
Kuen-Yi Lin ◽  
Szu-Chun Fan ◽  
Sy-Yi Tzeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Intentions ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Subjective Norms ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Perceived Usefulness ◽  
Perceived Behavioral Control ◽  
Perceived Ease Of Use ◽  
Teachers Perceptions ◽  
Technology Teachers ◽  
Factors Influencing

Abstract Background Teaching engineering at a high school level has been a subject of substantial concern during recent curriculum reforms. Many countries are increasingly including engineering-focused subjects in their technology curriculum guidelines. However, technology teachers face challenges regarding the optimal implementation of an engineering-focused curriculum. It is essential to understand technology teachers’ perceptions of and behavior in classroom practices when teaching an engineering-focused curriculum. To explore the factors influencing the effective implementation of the curriculum, this study aimed to explore the association between technology teachers’ perceptions regarding curriculum guidelines (i.e., perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and beliefs) and their behavioral intentions. In addition, this study explored how these perceptions change for teachers who participated in a professional development program (PDP) for teaching an engineering-focused curriculum compared with those who did not participate in the program (NoPDP). Results In this study, structural equation modeling was used to investigate factors potentially influencing teachers’ behavioral intentions, including subjective norms and perceived behavioral control. The results showed that technology teachers’ behavioral intentions were influenced by their perceptions of the curriculum's usefulness. Subjective norms and perceived behavioral control were also significant determinants of behavioral intentions. Moreover, the results differed between the two groups. Perceived usefulness had direct and indirect effects on the behavioral intentions of the PDP and NoPDP groups, respectively. Conclusions We constructed a model of technology teachers’ behavioral intentions to implement an engineering-focused curriculum and identified factors influencing technology teachers’ behavioral intentions to implement an engineering-focused curriculum. Our conclusions are as follows: (1) the model was adequate for determining the factors influencing technology teachers’ behavioral intentions; (2) in the PDP group, perceived usefulness, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control were significantly associated with behavioral intentions; and (3) in the NoPDP group, perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use were associated with behavioral intentions and self-reported behavior only via the mediating factor of beliefs. The above influencing factors should be taken into account when planning professional development programs for pre- and in-service teachers, as these programs will have implications regarding the successful implementation of an engineering-focused curriculum.

Self-collected cervicovaginal sampling for site-of-care primary HPV-based cervical cancer screening: a pilot study in a rural underserved Greek population

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (8) ◽  
pp. 1059-1064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimon Chatzistamatiou ◽  
Εkaterini Chatzaki ◽  
Τheocharis Constantinidis ◽  
Evangelia Nena ◽  
Athena Tsertanidou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Greek Population

A pilot study of community-based self-sampling for HPV testing among non-attenders of cervical cancer screening programs in El Salvador

2017 ◽  
Vol 138 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bari Laskow ◽  
Ruben Figueroa ◽  
Karla M. Alfaro ◽  
Isabel C. Scarinci ◽  
Elizabeth Conlisk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
El Salvador ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Hpv Testing ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Screening Programs

scholarly journals Military Medical Students’ Intentions to Pursue Operational Medicine: Survey Design and Initial Validation

2020 ◽  
Vol 185 (11-12) ◽  
pp. e1992-e1998
Author(s):  
James F Schwartz ◽  
Anthony R Artino Jr ◽  
Ting Dong
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Behavioral Intentions ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Subjective Norms ◽  
Perceived Behavioral Control ◽  
Operational Experience ◽  
Validity Evidence ◽  
Military Career ◽  
Operational Medicine ◽  
Students Attitudes

Abstract Introduction The Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences coordinates a 2-week Summer Operational Experience (SOE) during the first year of medical school. The SOE aims to provide students with operational context and enhance familiarity with service-specific operational environments, the services’ medical department capabilities, and/or general warfighter skills. One overarching goal of the SOE is to provide an experience that may motivate students to pursue an operational medicine assignment at some point in their military career. However, to date, little evaluation data have been collected regarding the effectiveness of the SOE in encouraging medical students to pursue operational medicine assignments. The purpose of this project was to develop and collect initial validity evidence for a survey instrument designed to assess various aspects of students’ attitudes and behavioral intentions to pursue an operational medicine assignment at some point in their military career. Materials and Methods Using the theory of planned behavior as a framework, we developed a survey that focused on three distinct constructs: attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control. We followed a systematic, seven-step design process to develop the survey and collect initial validity evidence. Students completed the 20-item survey prior to their operational experience to evaluate their intentions to pursue an operational medicine assignment at some point in their military career. An exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and reliability analysis were performed to examine the internal structure of the instrument. In addition, bivariate correlation and multiple linear regression analyses were used to explore the relationships between the identified factors and students’ intentions to pursue operational medicine. Results Results from the expert reviews and cognitive interviews suggested the instrument was clear and interpretable. We then invited the entire class of 2020 who participated in the SOE (149 students) to take the survey; in total, 122 students (response rate = 82%) completed the entire survey. Findings from the EFA suggested four underlying factors with satisfactory internal consistency reliability, and the regression analysis revealed that three factors statistically significantly predicted students’ intentions to pursue operational medicine: Attitude: Personal Growth (b = 0.67, β = 0.42, P &lt; 0.001); Behavioral Control (b = 0.20, β = 0.15, P &lt; 0.05); and Attitude: Career Progression (b = 0.36, β = 0.30, P &lt; 0.001). The factor related to student’s perception of the importance that others placed on an operational medicine assignment was not a statistically significant predictor of intention. Conclusions Findings from this study suggest the developed survey yields scores that can reliably assess students’ attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and intentions to pursue operational medicine. Using this survey, course leaders have a tool for evaluating the success of the SOE and identifying potential areas for improvement within the curriculum. More broadly, other educators can use the theoretical framework and instrument design process described here to evaluate students’ behavioral intentions in their own contexts.

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