Aerosol chemistry and physics

2004 ◽  
pp. 184-219
Author(s):  
Richard Sextro ◽  
Lara Gundel
Keyword(s):  
Aerosol Chemistry

scholarly journals Improved tropospheric and stratospheric sulfur cycle in the aerosol–chemistry–climate model SOCOL-AERv2

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 3863-3887 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aryeh Feinberg ◽  
Timofei Sukhodolov ◽  
Bei-Ping Luo ◽  
Eugene Rozanov ◽  
Lenny H. E. Winkel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Model ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Stratospheric Aerosol ◽  
Sulfur Cycle ◽  
Sulfate Aerosol ◽  
Tropospheric Chemistry ◽  
Sulfur Deposition ◽  
Aerosol Chemistry ◽  
Deposition Fluxes ◽  
Aerosol Model

Abstract. SOCOL-AERv1 was developed as an aerosol–chemistry–climate model to study the stratospheric sulfur cycle and its influence on climate and the ozone layer. It includes a sectional aerosol model that tracks the sulfate particle size distribution in 40 size bins, between 0.39 nm and 3.2 µm. Sheng et al. (2015) showed that SOCOL-AERv1 successfully matched observable quantities related to stratospheric aerosol. In the meantime, SOCOL-AER has undergone significant improvements and more observational datasets have become available. In producing SOCOL-AERv2 we have implemented several updates to the model: adding interactive deposition schemes, improving the sulfate mass and particle number conservation, and expanding the tropospheric chemistry scheme. We compare the two versions of the model with background stratospheric sulfate aerosol observations, stratospheric aerosol evolution after Pinatubo, and ground-based sulfur deposition networks. SOCOL-AERv2 shows similar levels of agreement as SOCOL-AERv1 with satellite-measured extinctions and in situ optical particle counter (OPC) balloon flights. The volcanically quiescent total stratospheric aerosol burden simulated in SOCOL-AERv2 has increased from 109 Gg of sulfur (S) to 160 Gg S, matching the newly available satellite estimate of 165 Gg S. However, SOCOL-AERv2 simulates too high cross-tropopause transport of tropospheric SO2 and/or sulfate aerosol, leading to an overestimation of lower stratospheric aerosol. Due to the current lack of upper tropospheric SO2 measurements and the neglect of organic aerosol in the model, the lower stratospheric bias of SOCOL-AERv2 was not further improved. Model performance under volcanically perturbed conditions has also undergone some changes, resulting in a slightly shorter volcanic aerosol lifetime after the Pinatubo eruption. With the improved deposition schemes of SOCOL-AERv2, simulated sulfur wet deposition fluxes are within a factor of 2 of measured deposition fluxes at 78 % of the measurement stations globally, an agreement which is on par with previous model intercomparison studies. Because of these improvements, SOCOL-AERv2 will be better suited to studying changes in atmospheric sulfur deposition due to variations in climate and emissions.

Aerosol chemistry in Minnesota and Wisconsin and its relation to rainfall chemistry

1985 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 961-971 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory C. Pratt ◽  
Sagar V. Krupa
Keyword(s):  
Aerosol Chemistry ◽  
Rainfall Chemistry

scholarly journals Regional characteristics of spring Asian dust and its impact on aerosol chemistry over northern China

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 12825-12864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. L. Sun ◽  
G. S. Zhuang ◽  
Z. F. Wang ◽  
Y. Wang ◽  
W. J. Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dust Storm ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Asian Dust ◽  
Aerosol Chemistry ◽  
Transport Pathway ◽  
Regional Characteristics ◽  
Source Regions ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. TSP and PM2.5 aerosol samples were synchronously collected at six sites along the transport pathway of dust storm from desert regions to coastal areas in the spring of 2004. The aerosol concentration and composition were measured to investigate the regional characteristics of spring Asian dust and its impact on aerosol chemistry over northern China. Based on the daily PM10 concentrations in 13 cities, the northern China could be divided into five regions, i.e., Northern Dust Region, Northeastern Dust Region, Western Dust Region, Inland Passing Region, and Coastal Region. Northern Dust Region was characterized by high content of Ca and Northeastern Dust Region was characterized by low one instead. Northeastern Dust Region was a relatively clean area with the lowest concentrations of pollutants and secondary ions among all sites. Inland Passing Region and Coastal Region showed high concentrations of pollutants, of which As and Pb in Inland Passing Region, and Na+, SO42− and NO3− in Coastal Region were the highest, respectively. The impact of dust on air quality was the greatest in the cities near source regions, and this impact decreased in the order of Yulin/Duolun > Beijing > Qingdao/Shanghai as the increase of transport distance. The spring Asian dust was inclined to affect the chemical components in coarse particles near source regions and those in fine particles in the cities far from source regions. Dust storm could mix significant quantities of pollutants on the pathway and carry them to the downwind cities or dilute the pollutants in the cities over northern China. Each dust episode corresponded to a low ratio of NO3−/SO42− with the lowest value appearing after the peak of dust storm. Asian dust played an important role in buffering and neutralizing the acidity of atmosphere in the cities over northern China, which could lead to the pH in the aerosols increase ~1 in spring.

scholarly journals Haze in the Klang Valley of Malaysia

2003 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 615-653 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. D. Keywood ◽  
G. P. Ayers ◽  
J. L. Gras ◽  
R. Boers ◽  
C. P. Leong
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fires ◽  
Particle Production ◽  
Secondary Particle ◽  
Southwest Monsoon ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Aerosol Chemistry ◽  
Monsoon Period ◽  
Transport Modelling ◽  
Klang Valley ◽  
Sw Monsoon

Abstract. Continuous measurements of dry aerosol light scattering (Bsp) were made at two sites in the Klang Valley of Malaysia between December 1998 and December 2000. In addition 24-h PM2.5 samples were collected on a one-day-in-six cycle and the chemical composition of the aerosol was determined. Periods of excessive haze were defined as 24-h average Bsp values greater than 150 Mm-1 and these occurred on a number of occasions, between May and September 1999, during May 2000, and between July and September 2000. The evidence for smoke being a significant contributor to aerosol during periods of excessive haze is discussed and includes features of the aerosol chemistry, the diurnal cycle of Bsp, and the coincidence of forest fires on Sumatra during the southwest (SW) monsoon period, as well as transport modelling for one week of the southwest Monsoon of 2000. The study highlights that whilst transboundary smoke is a major contributor to poor visibility in the Klang Valley, smoke from fires on Peninsular Malaysia is also a contributor, and at all times, the domestic source of secondary particle production is present.

Distinct particle modes in the lower stratosphere constrain secondary aerosol chemistry and gas-phase concentrations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Murphy ◽  
Karl Froyd ◽  
Greg Schill ◽  
Charles Brock ◽  
Agnieszka Kupc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Lower Stratosphere ◽  
Aerosol Particles ◽  
Organic Content ◽  
Aerosol Chemistry ◽  
Volatile Organics ◽  
Organic Sulfate ◽  
Concentration Limits ◽  
Distinct Particle

<p>There are distinct types of aerosol particles in the lower stratosphere. Stratospheric sulfuric acid particles with and without meteoric metals coexist with mixed organic-sulfate particles that originated in the troposphere. That these particles remain distinct has important implications for aerosol chemistry and the concentrations of several gas-phase species. Neither semi-volatile organics nor ammonia can be in equilibrium with the gas phase. The gas-phase concentrations of semi-volatile organics and ammonia must be very low, or else the sulfuric acid particles would not stay so pure. The upper concentration limits are around a pptv. Yet the sulfuric acid particles in the Northern Hemisphere show a very small but measurable uptake of organics and ammonia, indicating non-zero gas-phase concentrations of those species. Finally, the organic-sulfate particles must be resistant to photochemical loss, or else they would no longer retain their organic content.</p>

scholarly journals Local air pollution from oil rig emissions observed during the airborne DACCIWA campaign

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (17) ◽  
pp. 11401-11411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Brocchi ◽  
Gisèle Krysztofiak ◽  
Adrien Deroubaix ◽  
Greta Stratmann ◽  
Daniel Sauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Marine Boundary Layer ◽  
Dispersion Model ◽  
Particle Dispersion ◽  
Gulf Of Guinea ◽  
Aerosol Chemistry ◽  
Oil Platforms ◽  
Sensitivity Tests ◽  
Local Air Pollution ◽  
Oil Rig

Abstract. In the framework of the European DACCIWA (Dynamics–Aerosol–Chemistry–Cloud Interactions in West Africa) project, the airborne study APSOWA (Atmospheric Pollution from Shipping and Oil platforms of West Africa) was conducted in July 2016 to study oil rig emissions off the Gulf of Guinea. Two flights in the marine boundary layer were focused on the floating production storage and offloading (FPSO) vessel operating off the coast of Ghana. Those flights present simultaneous sudden increases in NO2 and aerosol concentrations. Unlike what can be found in flaring emission inventories, no increase in SO2 was detected, and an increase in CO is observed only during one of the two flights. Using FLEXPART (FLEXible PARTicle dispersion model) simulations with a regional NO2 satellite flaring inventory in forward-trajectory mode, our study reproduces the timing of the aircraft NO2 enhancements. Several sensitivity tests on the flux and the injection height are also performed, leading to the conclusion that a lower NO2 flux helps in better reproducing the measurements and that the modification of the injection height does not impact the results of the simulations significantly.

scholarly journals Sea-salt aerosol chemistry in coastal areas: A model study

2001 ◽  
Vol 106 (D1) ◽  
pp. 1271-1296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Moldanová ◽  
Evert Ljungström
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Sea Salt ◽  
Aerosol Chemistry ◽  
Sea Salt Aerosol ◽  
Model Study

scholarly journals Long-term measurements of submicrometer aerosol chemistry at the Southern Great Plains (SGP) using an Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor (ACSM)

2015 ◽  
Vol 106 ◽  
pp. 43-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Parworth ◽  
Jerome Fast ◽  
Fan Mei ◽  
Tim Shippert ◽  
Chitra Sivaraman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Great Plains ◽  
Chemical Speciation ◽  
Aerosol Chemistry ◽  
Southern Great Plains

scholarly journals Influences of upwind emission sources and atmospheric processing on aerosol chemistry and properties at a rural location in the Northeastern U.S.

2016 ◽  
Vol 121 (10) ◽  
pp. 6049-6065 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shan Zhou ◽  
Sonya Collier ◽  
Jianzhong Xu ◽  
Fan Mei ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emission Sources ◽  
Aerosol Chemistry ◽  
Rural Location ◽  
Atmospheric Processing
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