Who Understand to Cry of the Characters – for the Interpratation of Several Miniatures of Givi Margvelashvili

What creates Givi Margvelashvili's work? "In the language of aesthetics, this is called an artistic game, in the language of the heart, it creates an boundless thirst for goodness, which, if it is not satisfied in real life, if it can not eliminate violence here, spreads its wings in the world of books" (Margvelashvili 2018: 18). Changing the conditioned story with a literary game - this is the starting concept of the German-speaking Georgian author and "at the core of his poetics is an attempt to return man to his original, fundamental state - the openness of the world," writes Margvelashvili's book "Life in Ontotext" Das Leben im ") German editor" (Margvelashvili 2018: 11).Givi Margvelashvili is a victim of two dictatorships, Nazism and Communism. He started writing at the age of 30, when after leaving the Saxenhausen concentration camp, he found himself in a completely foreign environment, in his historical homeland, and his aunt's family was connected to his old life with only German. Later, when writing about his own identity, the writer always emphasized the fact that the German language is his linguistic homeland (emphasis add lexo doreuli). "From the past, only language was selected for him, language was a living part of a deprived life, which no one could take away except time. At times, however, his memory and talent met with unprecedented resistance. This is how it became a living island of the German language in the Georgian environment and in a huge prison, on this doubly lonely island the Georgian-German built a huge oil rig of freedom with ascetic loneliness and hard work ”(Margvelashvili 2018: 216).As we know, the writer was sick earlier, the boy brought up under the supervision of German nannies did not understand the Georgian language and essentially this aspect of his life should have become a feature of fate - "he was not bothered by a wordless, internal deal with censorship. Locked in complete solitude with his characters, unknown, he experienced the joy that comes with complete freedom of expression: he wrote as he wanted ”(Margvelashvili 2018: 218). On the one hand, working on German-language literature, and on the other hand, the literary disagreement that Margvelashvili showed against the current regime, increasingly formed the basis for saying that "language and theme choose the writer" (emphasis added Naira Gelashvili) and not vice versa. That was why his characters, the inhabitants of his inaccessible book world, had to meet the reader in a new reality.This other reality was the book "New America" ​​discovered by Givi Margvelashvili (emphasis added by Naira Gelashvili). He is the hero of this book and he is looking forward to the visit of a real person (reader) between the two covers, he even says: "Once the door of your house is opened ... and write a poem of your own" (Margvelashvili 2018: 110). And thus in a one-room apartment the lone author creates a new reality in which the stories take on a grotesque look and the reader is also entangled in a dizzying labyrinth of fantasy.

Assessment and Management of Risks from Biofouling

<p>Vessel biofouling is a well recognised modern-day pathway for the transfer of nonindigenous species (NIS). However despite awareness of these risks, marine incursions as a result of vessel biofouling continue to occur at a growing rate. The objective of this thesis is to provide underpinning knowledge to improve pre- and post-border management strategies for vessel biofouling. Chapter 2 provides a baseline assessment of the biofouling extent and assemblage composition on slow-moving vessels arriving at New Zealand's border. Slow-movers were targeted because their operational profile is widely considered to favour the accumulation of extensive biofouling communities (i.e., potentially high risk vectors of NIS). Interestingly, this research revealed low fouling levels and a low incidence of NIS. Highest levels of fouling were observed in areas where antifouling paint condition was poor or absent (e.g., dry-docking support strips and niche areas), which is consistent with recent studies of biofouling on other vessel types. Despite these findings, there have been several documented examples where heavily fouled slow movers have had high risk NIS on them. As such, risk profiling of slow-moving vessels is recommended. This should be based on operational characteristics such as maintenance history, exposure to regions where pest species are known to be present and intended vessel movements in the recipient region, and should ideally be undertaken on a case-by-case basis prior to arrival from international or distant source-regions. There are limited biofouling risk mitigation options available upon the discovery of NIS at the border, particularly for large vessels (e.g., barges) or towed structures (e.g., oil rigs) where removal to land is often not feasible and in-water defouling may be the only option available. Chapter 3 provides a conceptual framework that identifies biosecurity benefits and risks posed by in-water defouling. Among the latter are the survivorship of defouled material, the release of viable propagules via spawning, and enhanced colonisation of recently defouled surfaces by high risk NIS. Chapter 4 then assesses the operational performance of two diver-operated defouling tools (rotating brush devices) that were designed to retain defouled material during operation (i.e., mitigating one of the main risks associated with in-water defouling identified in Chapter 3). These devices proved effective in removing low-to-moderate levels of fouling from flat and curved experimental surfaces. However, performance was generally poorer at removing more advanced levels of fouling. Furthermore, neither system was capable of retaining all material defouled; c. 4% was lost to the environment, of which around 20% was viable. A significant component of material lost comprised fragmented colonial organisms (e.g., the ascidian Diplosoma sp.), which are theoretically capable of forming new colonies from fragments. The study also concluded that the defouling brush devices were not suitable for treating niche areas of vessel hulls such as gratings and water cooling intakes, areas where earlier work in Chapter 2 identified fouling levels to be the greatest. Observations of fully intact and seemingly viable fragments being lost to the environment during in-water defouling trials led to a series of laboratory- and fieldbased experiments designed to elucidate factors influencing the survivorship of defouled material on the seabed (Chapter 5). This work showed that for some colonial organisms (e.g., ascidians), the size of fragments generated during removal affected reattachment success. Thus the defouling method is an important consideration for vessels fouled by colonial NIS. Manipulative field experiments demonstrated that exposure to sediments and benthic predation can play a major role in post-defouling survivorship. Sedimentinduced morality and susceptibility to predation was also taxon-specific. For example, soft-bodied organisms (e.g., sponges, colonial ascidians) were more affected by sedimentation and predation than calcareous taxa (e.g., tubeworms). Chapter 6 provides a "real world" example of in-water defouling. In December 2007, the defouling of an oil rig over soft-sediments in Tasman Bay, and the subsequent discovery of NIS amongst the defouled material on the seabed, led to a dredge-based incursion response whose goal was eradication of the NIS, in particular the brown mussel Perna perna. During the response, c. 35 tonnes of defouled material was removed from the seabed, and target pests were reduced to densities considered too low for successful reproduction (and therefore establishment in the region) to occur. This chapter evaluates the efficacy of the response method and demonstrates that where complete elimination of a pest (i.e., removal of all organisms) is not feasible, alternative eradication success criteria based on density thresholds can be developed to mitigate biosecurity risks posed by an incursion. The preceding technical chapters highlight the risks posed by biofouling and identify that there are presently limited post-border risk mitigation tools available. This reinforces the widely held belief that more effort should be put into pre-border management. In Chapter 7, I use two case studies of oil rig biofouling to highlight the many challenges associated with pre-border management, and identify the urgent need for the development of treatment tools and strategies to mitigate biosecurity risks posed by vessels and structures where removal to land (e.g., dry-docking) is not feasible.</p>

Assessment and Management of Risks from Biofouling

<p>Vessel biofouling is a well recognised modern-day pathway for the transfer of nonindigenous species (NIS). However despite awareness of these risks, marine incursions as a result of vessel biofouling continue to occur at a growing rate. The objective of this thesis is to provide underpinning knowledge to improve pre- and post-border management strategies for vessel biofouling. Chapter 2 provides a baseline assessment of the biofouling extent and assemblage composition on slow-moving vessels arriving at New Zealand's border. Slow-movers were targeted because their operational profile is widely considered to favour the accumulation of extensive biofouling communities (i.e., potentially high risk vectors of NIS). Interestingly, this research revealed low fouling levels and a low incidence of NIS. Highest levels of fouling were observed in areas where antifouling paint condition was poor or absent (e.g., dry-docking support strips and niche areas), which is consistent with recent studies of biofouling on other vessel types. Despite these findings, there have been several documented examples where heavily fouled slow movers have had high risk NIS on them. As such, risk profiling of slow-moving vessels is recommended. This should be based on operational characteristics such as maintenance history, exposure to regions where pest species are known to be present and intended vessel movements in the recipient region, and should ideally be undertaken on a case-by-case basis prior to arrival from international or distant source-regions. There are limited biofouling risk mitigation options available upon the discovery of NIS at the border, particularly for large vessels (e.g., barges) or towed structures (e.g., oil rigs) where removal to land is often not feasible and in-water defouling may be the only option available. Chapter 3 provides a conceptual framework that identifies biosecurity benefits and risks posed by in-water defouling. Among the latter are the survivorship of defouled material, the release of viable propagules via spawning, and enhanced colonisation of recently defouled surfaces by high risk NIS. Chapter 4 then assesses the operational performance of two diver-operated defouling tools (rotating brush devices) that were designed to retain defouled material during operation (i.e., mitigating one of the main risks associated with in-water defouling identified in Chapter 3). These devices proved effective in removing low-to-moderate levels of fouling from flat and curved experimental surfaces. However, performance was generally poorer at removing more advanced levels of fouling. Furthermore, neither system was capable of retaining all material defouled; c. 4% was lost to the environment, of which around 20% was viable. A significant component of material lost comprised fragmented colonial organisms (e.g., the ascidian Diplosoma sp.), which are theoretically capable of forming new colonies from fragments. The study also concluded that the defouling brush devices were not suitable for treating niche areas of vessel hulls such as gratings and water cooling intakes, areas where earlier work in Chapter 2 identified fouling levels to be the greatest. Observations of fully intact and seemingly viable fragments being lost to the environment during in-water defouling trials led to a series of laboratory- and fieldbased experiments designed to elucidate factors influencing the survivorship of defouled material on the seabed (Chapter 5). This work showed that for some colonial organisms (e.g., ascidians), the size of fragments generated during removal affected reattachment success. Thus the defouling method is an important consideration for vessels fouled by colonial NIS. Manipulative field experiments demonstrated that exposure to sediments and benthic predation can play a major role in post-defouling survivorship. Sedimentinduced morality and susceptibility to predation was also taxon-specific. For example, soft-bodied organisms (e.g., sponges, colonial ascidians) were more affected by sedimentation and predation than calcareous taxa (e.g., tubeworms). Chapter 6 provides a "real world" example of in-water defouling. In December 2007, the defouling of an oil rig over soft-sediments in Tasman Bay, and the subsequent discovery of NIS amongst the defouled material on the seabed, led to a dredge-based incursion response whose goal was eradication of the NIS, in particular the brown mussel Perna perna. During the response, c. 35 tonnes of defouled material was removed from the seabed, and target pests were reduced to densities considered too low for successful reproduction (and therefore establishment in the region) to occur. This chapter evaluates the efficacy of the response method and demonstrates that where complete elimination of a pest (i.e., removal of all organisms) is not feasible, alternative eradication success criteria based on density thresholds can be developed to mitigate biosecurity risks posed by an incursion. The preceding technical chapters highlight the risks posed by biofouling and identify that there are presently limited post-border risk mitigation tools available. This reinforces the widely held belief that more effort should be put into pre-border management. In Chapter 7, I use two case studies of oil rig biofouling to highlight the many challenges associated with pre-border management, and identify the urgent need for the development of treatment tools and strategies to mitigate biosecurity risks posed by vessels and structures where removal to land (e.g., dry-docking) is not feasible.</p>

Human Machine Interaction (HMI) in Offshore Drilling - oil rig workers’ opinion about their interaction with machines

Introduction: There are huge numbers of drilling platforms in the world and once the worker on those platforms meet with an accident, the situation could be very serious. The consequence of this could be environmental, economic and in some cases fatal. Middle East, being one of the oil rich regions hence some of the largest operator works here. Companies here own various types of jack up rigs ranging from old generation rigs to the latest cyber-rig. This paper addresses what oil rig workers have to say about their interaction with machines, and how Human Machine Interaction (HMI) in Offshore Drilling can be improved with design. Method: A case study approach was undertaken The analysis in this paper draws on the interviews conducted with two different employees involved in operating the drilling operations conducted in the driller’s cabin of newly designed offshore rigs. A semi-structured approach was adopted, using themes identified through analysis of the preceding. The interviews were transcribed by the research team. Each interview was analyzed thematically with existing system and reported discrepancy Results: The study on Human Machine Interaction (HMI) and Human Factor regarding this has been conducted in the latest generation cyber rigs. There are many aspects of HMI and ergonomics but in this study a special concentration has been given to deal with the ergonomic standpoint and evaluates the drillers console controls. Conclusions: When comparison is done with the existing machinery, few modifications can be thought of for better human machine interaction. A better human machine interaction system will ensure a more productive environment for the oil-rig workers.

Lecture-based, virtual reality game-based and their combination: which is better for higher education?

PurposeThis paper presents an educational virtual reality (VR) game and experiments with different methods of including it into the teaching process. The purpose of this research study is to discover if immersive VR games can be used as an effective pedagogical tool if blended with traditional lectures by assisting learning gain, memory and knowledge retention while increasing edutainment value.Design/methodology/approachThis research design comprises three different methods of learning: lecture-based involving lecture slides, infographics, and a video, game-based involving an immersive VR game of oil rig exploration, and the combination of lecture and game-based. Participants of each method filled up a questionnaire before and after participation to measure the learning gain, memory, and knowledge retention.FindingsFrom the predominant findings of the study, the combined method demonstrated a significant increase in learning gain, memory, and knowledge retention and maybe a potentially suitable pedagogical tool.Research limitations/implicationsLimitations of the study include findings based on one VR game with a specific educational topic, additionally, it is suspected that having different participants for each of the three methods may have slightly affected the results, albeit to a limited extent.Practical implicationsFindings of this study will provide evidence that VR games can be used alongside traditional lectures to aid in the learning process. Educators can choose to include VR games into their curriculums to improve the educational delivery process.Originality/valueThis research contributes to ways of incorporating VR games into educational curriculums through findings of this study highlighting the combination of VR games with lectures.

Towards the Determination of Safe Operating Envelopes for Autonomous UAS in Offshore Inspection Missions

A drive to reduce costs, carbon emissions, and the number of required personnel in the offshore energy industry has led to proposals for the increased use of autonomous/robotic systems for many maintenance tasks. There are questions over how such missions can be shown to be safe. A corollary exists in the manned aviation world for helicopter–ship operations where a test pilot attempts to operate from a ship under a range of wind conditions and provides subjective feedback on the level of difficulty encountered. This defines the ship–helicopter operating limit envelope (SHOL). Due to the cost of creating a SHOL there has been considerable research activity to demonstrate that much of this process can be performed virtually. Unmanned vehicles, however, have no test pilot to provide feedback. This paper therefore explores the possibility of adapting manned simulation techniques to the unmanned world to demonstrate that a mission is safe. Through flight modelling and simulation techniques it is shown that operating envelopes can be created for an oil rig inspection task and that, by using variable performance specifications, these can be tailored to suit the level of acceptable risk. The operating envelopes produced provide condensed and intelligible information regarding the environmental conditions under which the UAS can perform the task.

Extra-long steel piles production and transport of Bridge Mainland – Pelješac, Croatia

Steel pipe pile as one of the foundation forms has the advantage of high bearing capacity, environment protection and installation, which were widely adopted to sea-crossing bridge, offshore wind power and marine oil rig at present. With the development of project scale, the length and diameter of the piles were increasing gradually. Meanwhile, civil engineers had to face the outstanding challenges in the production and transportation of extra-long and extra-large steel pipe piles. The design parameters of steel piles were controlled under the highest and strictest execution class EXC4 B+ in accordance with the European standard EN 1090-2. Additionally, the pile length of 130,6 m set a record for entire pre-fabricated longest steel pile in the field of civil engineering worldwide at that time. All the manufactured piles were delivered by cargo vessel after long voyage to Croatia. The accumulated experience of Pelješac Bridge could be as a reference for similar projects in future.