The Overall Reactor Models

The accuracy of a biofilm reactor model depends on the extent to which physical system conditions (particularly bulk-liquid hydrodynamics and their influence on biofilm dynamics) deviate from the ideal conditions upon which the model is based. It follows that an improved capacity to model a biofilm reactor does not necessarily rely on an improved biofilm model, but does rely on an improved mathematical description of the biofilm reactor and its components. Existing biofilm reactor models typically include a one-dimensional biofilm model, a process (biokinetic and stoichiometric) model, and a continuous flow stirred tank reactor (CFSTR) mass balance that [when organizing CFSTRs in series] creates a pseudo two-dimensional (2-D) model of bulk-liquid hydrodynamics approaching plug flow. In such a biofilm reactor model, the user-defined biofilm area is specified for each CFSTR; thereby, Xcarrier does not exit the boundaries of the CFSTR to which they are assigned or exchange boundaries with other CFSTRs in the series. The error introduced by this pseudo 2-D biofilm reactor modeling approach may adversely affect model results and limit model-user capacity to accurately calibrate a model. This paper presents a new sub-model that describes the migration of Xcarrier and associated biofilms, and evaluates the impact that Xcarrier migration and axial dispersion has on simulated system performance. Relevance of the new biofilm reactor model to engineering situations is discussed by applying it to known biofilm reactor types and operational conditions.

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A novel design space concept for design of concrete foundation supporting chemical reactors

Multidiscipline Modeling in Materials and Structures ◽

10.1108/mmms-07-2021-0130 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Osama Bedair

Keyword(s):

Design Space ◽

Cost Savings ◽

Space Representation ◽

Chemical Reactors ◽

Content Type ◽

Gas Recovery ◽

Wide Range ◽

Numerical Finite Element ◽

Novel Concept ◽

Reactor Models

PurposeThis paper presents a novel concept for design of concrete support system for chemical reactors used in refineries and petrochemical plants. Graphical method is described that can be used to size the concrete base and piling system. Recommendations are also provided to optimize the parameters required for the design. The procedure is illustrated for design of two reactor models commonly used in gas recovery units.Design/methodology/approachDesign space representation for the foundation system is described for chemical reactors with variable heights. The key points of the design graph are extracted from the numerical finite element models. The reactor load is idealized at discrete points to transfer the loads to the piles. Bilateral spring system is used to model the soil restrains.FindingsThe graphical approach is economical and provides the design engineer the flexibility to select the foundation parameters from wide range of options.Practical implicationsThe concept presented in the paper can be utilized by engineers in the industry for design of chemical reactors. It must be noted that little guidelines are currently available in practice addressing the structural design aspects.Originality/valueA novel concept is presented in this paper based on significant industrial design experience of reactor supports. Using the described method leads to significant cost savings in material quantity and engineering time.

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Reactor Models

Electrochemical Process Engineering ◽

10.1007/978-1-4899-0224-5_4 ◽

1995 ◽

pp. 153-176

Author(s):

F. Goodridge ◽

K. Scott

Keyword(s):

Reactor Models

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Simple Reactor Models

Fundamentals of Combustion Engineering ◽

10.1201/9780429158216-4 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 73-83

Author(s):

Achintya Mukhopadhyay ◽

Swarnendu Sen

Keyword(s):

Reactor Models

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Modelling the Partial Demineralization Process of Cow Milk by Superpro Designer

Hungarian Journal of Industry and Chemistry ◽

10.1515/hjic-2017-0013 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 45 (2) ◽

pp. 9-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Attila Csighy ◽

András Koris ◽

Gyula Vatai

Keyword(s):

Dairy Products ◽

Membrane Filtration ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Cow Milk ◽

Chemical Components ◽

Unit Operations ◽

Payback Time ◽

Operation Parameters ◽

Reactor Models ◽

Milk And Dairy Products

Abstract Milk and dairy products contain a number of biologically active compounds (proteins, lipids, vitamins and minerals) that are essential for human nutrition. The most common procedures for demineralization are based on ion exchange-, nanofiltration- and electrodialysis-based technologies. In this study, the application of membrane filtration-based partial demineralization of cow milk was investigated and the process modelled. Using design equations, the partial demineralization process was designed and the economy of the process calculated. The modelling and simulation of the partial demineralization process was carried out by the SuperPro Designer programme. As the first step the unit operations of the demineralization technology were defined using the tools of the programme. The SuperPro Designer possesses industrial tools with reactor models, chemical components, a database of mixtures, and price estimations. By analysing the influence of the operation parameters, the feasibility of the proposed process was investigated. From the results of the modelling it can be concluded that the partial demineralization process can be successfully implemented, achieving the expected demineralization rates with a relatively good payback time of two years.

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