Response of Tick-borne Disease to Fire and Timber Harvesting

Concepts of near-natural forestry are in great demand these days. Most German forest administrations and private forest enterprises attach great importance to being as «near-natural» as possible. This should allow them to make the most of biological rationalisation. The concept of near-natural forestry is widely accepted, especially by conservationists. However, it is much too early to analyse how successful near-natural forestry has been to date, and therefore to decide whether an era of genuine near-natural forest management has really begun. Despite wide-spread recognition, near-natural forestry is jeopardised by mechanised timber harvesting, and particularly by the large-timber harvester. The risk is that machines, which are currently just one element of the timber harvest will gain in importance and gradually become the decisive element. The forest would then be forced to meet the needs of machinery, not the other way round. Forests would consequently become so inhospitable that they would bear no resemblance to the sylvan image conjured up by potential visitors. This could mean taking a huge step backwards: from a near-natural forest to a forest dominated by machinery. The model of multipurpose forest management would become less viable, and the forest would become divided into areas for production, and separate areas for recreation and ecology. The consequences of technical intervention need to be carefully considered, if near-natural forestry is not to become a thing of the past.

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Resources provision of woodworking industries in Ukraine: cross-national and inter-regional comparisons

Regional Economy ◽

10.36818/1562-0905-2019-3-15 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 145-154

Author(s):

Svitlana Ishchuk ◽

Lyubomyr Sozanskyy

Keyword(s):

Raw Materials ◽

Dynamic Assessment ◽

Timber Harvesting ◽

Necessary Condition ◽

The European Union ◽

Environmental Aspects ◽

Fuel Wood ◽

Significant Deterioration ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Wood Processing

Sufficient supply of woodworking with raw materials while preserving the ecology and rational use of wood is a necessary condition for the functioning of the woodworking industry as one of the key segments of the national economy. The issue is of particular importance given the deepening of world integration processes and the introduction of a moratorium on timber exports from Ukraine. It actualizes the study of the state and dynamics of the formation of raw materials potential of domestic woodworks. The purpose of the article is a structural and dynamic assessment of the economic and environmental aspects of formation of the resource potential of Ukrainian woodworks in comparison with the countries of the European Union, as well as in the regional section by types of wood. In the structure of merchantable wood harvested in Ukraine, fuel wood share increased by 4.3 pp. during 2011-2016, whereas in 2017 it increased by 3.8 pp. compared to 2016 and amounted to 61.4%. Unlike in Ukraine, in the vast majority of EU countries business timber is the basis of the structure of harvested merchantable timber. Thus, in the neighboring countries with similar forest landscape – Poland and the Czech Republic – the share of fuel wood in 2017 was 11.6% and 12.3%, in Slovakia – only 6.3%, and in the EU as a whole – 23. 2%. Hence, the significant deterioration of the structure of the harvested merchantable timber in Ukraine can be interpreted as a threat to environmental, and therefore to national security. On the other hand, the results of the assessments revealed an increase in the volume of commercial timber harvesting in Ukraine (in 18 regions) in 2018, as well as in the level of forest reproduction in the leading regions from the harvesting of merchantable timber (Zhytomyr, Kyiv and Rivne regions) and a decrease in the death rate. The restoration of the logical patterns between the dynamics of the loss of stands and the harvesting of commercial and fuel wood are signs of the beginning of positive tendencies in ensuring the preservation and rationalization of raw potential of domestic woodworks and, at the same time, improving the conditions for deepening the level of wood processing. Further authors’ research in this area will be devoted to the search for effective forms of wood industry development in Ukraine, in particular in the Western region.

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ArcheoIogIcaI Survey of 1993-1994 Timber Harvesting Areas, Longhorn Army Ammunition Plant, Harrison County, Texas.

10.21236/ada294501 ◽

1995 ◽

Author(s):

Maynard B. Cliff ◽

Steven M. Hunt ◽

Floyd Kent ◽

Melissa M. Green ◽

Duane E. Peter

Keyword(s):

Timber Harvesting ◽

Longhorn Army Ammunition Plant

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Current Challenges in the Development of Vaccines and Drugs Against Emerging Vector-borne Diseases

Current Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/0929867325666181105121146 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 26 (16) ◽

pp. 2974-2986 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Kwang-sun Kim

Keyword(s):

New Host ◽

In Vivo Models ◽

Vector Borne Diseases ◽

Novel Drugs ◽

Huge Impact ◽

Tick Borne Disease ◽

Vector Borne ◽

Living Organisms

Vectors are living organisms that transmit infectious diseases from an infected animal to humans or another animal. Biological vectors such as mosquitoes, ticks, and sand flies carry pathogens that multiply within their bodies prior to delivery to a new host. The increased prevalence of Vector-Borne Diseases (VBDs) such as Aedes-borne dengue, Chikungunya (CHIKV), Zika (ZIKV), malaria, Tick-Borne Disease (TBD), and scrub typhus has a huge impact on the health of both humans and livestock worldwide. In particular, zoonotic diseases transmitted by mosquitoes and ticks place a considerable burden on public health. Vaccines, drugs, and vector control methods have been developed to prevent and treat VBDs and have prevented millions of deaths. However, development of such strategies is falling behind the rapid emergence of VBDs. Therefore, a comprehensive approach to fighting VBDs must be considered immediately. In this review, I focus on the challenges posed by emerging outbreaks of VBDs and discuss available drugs and vaccines designed to overcome this burden. Research into promising drugs needs to be upgraded and fast-tracked, and novel drugs or vaccines being tested in in vitro and in vivo models need to be moved into human clinical trials. Active preventive tactics, as well as new and upgraded diagnostics, surveillance, treatments, and vaccination strategies, need to be monitored constantly if we are to manage VBDs of medical importance.

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Private Forests in Nepal: Status and Policy Analysis

Journal of Forest and Livelihood ◽

10.3126/jfl.v15i1.23094 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 120-130 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Swoyambhu M. Amatya ◽

Prakash Lamsal

Keyword(s):

Present Status ◽

National Level ◽

Timber Harvesting ◽

Lessons Learned ◽

Private Land ◽

Private Forest ◽

Community Forest ◽

Private Forest Owners ◽

Forest Owners ◽

Private Forests

This paper reviews and analyses the present status of private forests and tenure administration in light of existing legal, policy, and regulatory frameworks in Nepal. Additionally, the present status of private forests, as well as the scenarios of timber harvesting, transportation, marketing, and their administration are thoroughly revised. Provisions regarding forests and trees on private land and their basis are examined and implications are articulated for potential policy improvements for enhanced tenure security. It is shown that robust national-level policies and legal frameworks exist, and that there is an increasing trend of timber flows to markets from private forests over the past five years. However, there is still skepticism, mistrust and fear amongst private forest owners, saw millers, and forest administration that prevents the full use of the bundle of rights that legal and policy provisions have promised. An unusually slow pace of private forest registration, lengthy and multi stage processes for obtaining harvesting and transportation permits, and official bans on important commercial species, among others, are found to be the factors that most hinder the private forest owners’ and tree growers’ interests, and their rights and obligations with respect to the management and use of their private forest resources. It is concluded that a simplified permitting process along with programmatic support would promote and help to grow private forestry and that Nepal’s experience and lessons learned from community forest implementation would be a great asset to move towards this end. Connecting community forest user groups for organised and cooperative action, and mobilising their institutional strength and accumulated funds for pro-farmer technical and regulatory support would allow farmers to intensify tree plantations and forest management. Further steps are required to convince policymakers and secure necessary budgetary support to this end..

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Designing Timber Harvesting to Enhance New Zealand Falcon Populations

Journal of Wildlife Management ◽

10.1002/jwmg.22013 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 85 (3) ◽

pp. 556-568

Author(s):

Chifuyu Horikoshi ◽

Phil F. Battley ◽

Edward O. Minot

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

Timber Harvesting

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Legacy of Human Impact on Geomorphic Processes in Mountain Headwater Streams in the Perspective of European Cultural Landscapes

Geosciences ◽

10.3390/geosciences11060253 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 253

Author(s):

Tomáš Galia

Keyword(s):

Human Impact ◽

Cultural Landscapes ◽

Headwater Streams ◽

Timber Harvesting ◽

Anthropogenic Pressure ◽

Catchment Scale ◽

Morphological Response ◽

Mountain Ranges ◽

Outer Western Carpathians ◽

Geomorphic Processes

Mountain headwater streams are still somewhat on the boundary of interest regarding possible human impact on their morphology or geomorphic processes, which may be caused by our perception of mountains as islands of relatively preserved natural conditions. This paper summarizes the past and present human pressure on the headwater streams that drain the highest mountain ranges of the Outer Western Carpathians in Czechia. Anthropogenic pressure began in this region in the 16th century during a colonization of the mountains and continued by timber harvesting, timber floating, and construction of torrent control works until present. Each of these interventions produced a morphological response of the channels in relation to altered sediment or water fluxes at the whole catchment scale or within longitudinal stream profiles. Because it is highly unlikely to reach pre-settlement conditions of the channels, the management effort should be concentrated to achieve realistic restoration targets under the present socioeconomic circumstances by taking into consideration the morphodynamical specifics of mountain headwater streams.

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