Suppressor T-Cells are not Easily Cloned by Methods for Cloning Helper T-Cells

2019 ◽  
pp. 57-64
Author(s):  
Diane D. Eardley ◽  
Pamela Hunt ◽  
Edgar G. Engleman ◽  
Nitin K. Damle ◽  
Martin E. Dorf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Helper T Cells ◽  
Suppressor T Cells

scholarly journals Regulatory functions of hapten-reactive helper and suppressor T lymphocytes. II. Selective inactivation of hapten-reactive suppressor T cells by hapten-nonimmunogenic copolymers of D-amino acids, and its application to the study of suppressor T-cell effect on helper T-cell development

1977 ◽  
Vol 146 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Hamaoka ◽  
M Yoshizawa ◽  
H Yamamoto ◽  
M Kuroki ◽  
M Kitagawa
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
T Cell Development ◽  
Cell Activity ◽  
Helper T Cells ◽  
Suppressor T Cells ◽  
Helper T Cell ◽  
Suppressor T Cell ◽  
Suppressor T Lymphocytes

An experimental condition was established in vivo for selectively eliminating hapten-reactive suppressor T-cell activity generated in mice primed with a para-azobenzoate (PAB)-mouse gamma globulin (MGG)-conjugate and treated with PAB-nonimmunogenic copolymer of D-amino acids (D- glutamic acid and D-lysine; D-GL). The elimination of suppressor T-cell activity with PAB-D-GL treatment from the mixed populations of hapten- reactive suppressor and helper T cells substantially increased apparent helper T-cell activity. Moreover, the inhibition of PAB-reactive suppressor T-cell generation by the pretreatment with PAB-D-GL before the PAB-MGG-priming increased the development of PAB-reactive helper T-cell activity. The analysis of hapten-specificity of helper T cells revealed that the reactivity of helper cells developed in the absence of suppressor T cells was more specific for primed PAB-determinants and their cross-reactivities to structurally related determinants such as meta-azobenzoate (MAB) significantly decreased, as compared with the helper T-cell population developed in the presence of suppressor T lymphocytes. In addition, those helper T cells generated in the absence of suppressor T cells were highly susceptible to tolerogenesis by PAB-D- GL. Similarly, the elimination of suppressor T lymphocytes also enhanced helper T-cell activity in a polyclonal fashion in the T-T cell interactions between benzylpenicilloyl (BPO)-reactive T cells and PAB- reactive T cells after immunization of mice with BPO-MGG-PAB. Thus inhibition of BPO-reactive suppressor T-cell development by the BPO-v-GL- pretreatment resulted in augmented generation of PAB-reactive helper T cells with higher susceptibility of tolerogenesis to PAB-D-GL. Thus, these results support the notion that suppressor T cells eventually suppress helper T-cell activity and indicate that the function of suppressor T cells related to helper T-cell development is to inhibit the increase in the specificity and apparent affinity of helper T cells in the primary immune response. The hapten-reactive suppressor and helper T lymphocytes are considered as a model system of T cells that regulate the immune response, and the potential applicability of this system to manipulating various T cell-mediated immune responses is discussed in this context.

scholarly journals Immunopharmacological studies of eugenol: The kinetics of helper T cells and suppressor T cells

1995 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 287
Author(s):  
Tomoko Ohsumi ◽  
Sen Higashi ◽  
Keiko Ozumi ◽  
Kayoko Kuroki
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Helper T Cells ◽  
Suppressor T Cells ◽  
Kinetics Of

IN VITRO GENERATION OF HELPER T CELLS AND SUPPRESSOR T CELLS THAT REGULATE THE CYTOLYTIC T LYMPHOCYTE RESPONSE TO TRINITROPHENYL-MODIFIED SYNGENEIC CELLS

1982 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 422-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
NORBERT GUALDE ◽  
OFRA WEINBERGER ◽  
SHELDON RATNOFSKY ◽  
BARUJ BENACERRAF ◽  
Steven J. Burakoff
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Helper T Cells ◽  
Suppressor T Cells ◽  
Lymphocyte Response ◽  
Cytolytic T Lymphocyte

scholarly journals T-cell regulation of antibody responses: demonstration of allotype-specific helper T cells and their specific removal by suppressor T cells.

1976 ◽  
Vol 144 (2) ◽  
pp. 330-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
L A Herzenberg ◽  
K Okumura ◽  
H Cantor ◽  
V L Sato ◽  
F W Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
B Cells ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Helper T Cells ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Suppressor T Cells ◽  
Effector Cells ◽  
T Cell Regulation ◽  
The Difference

Allotype suppressor T cells (Ts) generated in SJL X BALB/c mice specifically suppress production of antibodies marked with the Ig-1a allotype. The studies presented here show that allotypes Ts suppress by specifically removing helper T cell (Th) activity required to facilitate differentiation and expansion of B cells to Ig-1b antibody-forming cells. We show first that Ts and Th belong to different T-cell subclasses as defined by Ly surface antigens. Ts are Ly2+Lyl- and thus belong to the same subclass as cytotoxic precursor and effector cells; Th are Lyl+Ly2- cells and thus belong to the subclass containing cells which can exert helper functions and initiate delayed hypersensitivity reactions. Placing these cells in these two subclasses shows that Th are different from Ts and suggests that they play different roles in regulating antibody responses. The difference in these roles is defined by the evidence presented here showing that Ts attack Th and regulate the antibody response by specifically regulating the availability of Th activity. We show that in allotype suppressed mice, Ts which suppress Ig-1b antibody production have completely removed the Th activity of helping Ig-1b cells without impairing Th activity which helps other IgB B cells. These findings imply the existence of allotype-specific Th for Ig-1b cells (Ig-1b Th). We directly establish that Ig-1b cells require such help by showing that carrier-primed spleen cells from Iga/Iga congenic hybrids help Ig-1a B cells from hapten-primed Igb/Iga donors but do not help Ig-1b B cells from the same donor in the same adoptive recipient.

scholarly journals Genetic regulation of the antibody response to H-2Db alloantigens in mice. III. Inhibition of the IgG Response to noncongenic cells by preimmunization with congenic cells.

1976 ◽  
Vol 144 (3) ◽  
pp. 654-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Wernet ◽  
H Shafran ◽  
F Lilly
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Genetic Regulation ◽  
Helper T Cells ◽  
Cell Tolerance ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Suppressor T Cells ◽  
Cell Surface Antigens ◽  
B Cell Tolerance ◽  
B10 Cells

When B10.A (5R) mice (H-12i5) are immunized with spleen cells from congenic B10 mice (H-12b), they respond to alloantigens of the H-2Db region by producing antibodies of only IgM type. In contrast, they produce both IgM and IgG antibodies when immunized with A.BY cells (H-2b) that carry other foreign cell surface antigens (non-H-2) in addition to H-2Db. Preimmunization of 5R mice with two injections of congenic cells leads to an H-2Db specific inhibition of the IgG response to a subsequent immunization with A.BY cells. It is concluded that congenic B10 cells fail to activate helper T cells which are necessary to induce the switch from IgM to IgG production. Instead T- or B-cell tolerance may be induced with prohibits the subsequent IgG response to A.BY cells, possibly by way of suppressor T cells which may act either on B cells directly or via helper T cells.

scholarly journals Virus-replicating T cells in the immune response of mice. II. Characterization of T cells capable of replicating vesicular stomatitis virus.

1978 ◽  
Vol 148 (4) ◽  
pp. 837-849 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Minato ◽  
Y Katsura
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Population ◽  
Vesicular Stomatitis Virus ◽  
Major Part ◽  
Cell Activity ◽  
Helper T Cells ◽  
Suppressor T Cells ◽  
Helper T Cell ◽  
Vesicular Stomatitis

Immunocytological properties of the splenic T cell (Tv) which develop into virus plaque-forming cells in response to the antigenic challenge in vitro were investigated in relation to the properties of helper T cells and suppressor T cells in antibody response. Tv was observed in spleen around 1 wk after the intravenous injection of mice with 10(7) sheep erythrocytes. This contrasted with the finding that both helper T cells and suppressor T cells developed as early as 3 days after the immunization. Tv was proliferative in response to the antigenic stimulation, whereas helper T-cell activity could be expressed without cell division. Development of Tv to virus plaque-forming cells was much more dependent on macrophages than the generation of helper activity. Tv was found in nylon wool adherent fraction, whereas helper T cell was found in both nylon adherent and nonadherent fractions. Tv belongs to the short-lived and nonrecirculating T-cell population (T1), whereas the major part of helper T cells belongs to the long-lived and recirculating T-cell population (T2). These results strongly suggest that vesicular stomatitis virus infect and replicate in the different subset(s) of T cell(s) to which the major part of helper T cells belong.

scholarly journals Suppressor T-cell activity in responder x nonresponder (C57BL/10 x DBA/1)F(1) spleen cells responsive to l-glutamic acid(60)-L-alanine(30)-L-tyrosine (10)

1978 ◽  
Vol 148 (5) ◽  
pp. 1282-1291 ◽  
Author(s):  
CW Pierce ◽  
JA Kapp
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Response Pattern ◽  
Cell Activity ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Helper T Cells ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Suppressor T Cells ◽  
Subsequent Response

The ability of spleen cells from (responder X nonresponder)F(1) mice immunized with various GAT-Mφ, GAT-MBSA, and soluble GAT to develop IgG GAT-specific PFC responses in vitro after stimulation with responder and nonresponder parental and F(1) GAT-Mφ, was investigated. F(1) spleen cells from mice immunized with F(1) GAT-Mφ or GAT-MBSA developed secondary responses to responder and nonresponder parental and F(1) GAT- Mφ, but not to unrelated third party GAT-Mφ. Spleen cells from F(1) mice immunized with either parental GAT-Mφ developed secondary responses to F(1) GAT-Mφ and only the parental GAT-Mφ used for immunization in vivo. Soluble GAT-primed F(1) spleen cells responded to F(1) and responder parental, but not nonresponder parental, GAT-Mφ. Simultaneous immunization in vivo with the various GAT-Mφ or GAT-MBSA plus soluble GAT modulated the response pattern of these F(1) spleen cells such that they developed secondary responses only to F(1) and parental responder GAT-Mφ regardless of the response pattern observed after immunization with the various GAT-Mφ or GAT-MBSA alone. These observations demonstrate the critical importance of the physical state of the GAT used for immunization in determining the subsequent response pattern of immune F(1) spleen cells to the parental and F(1) GAT-Mφ. Further, suppressor T cells, capable of inhibiting primary responses to GAT by virgin F(1) spleen cells stimulated by nonresponder parental GAT-Mφ, were demonstrated in spleens of F(1) mice immunized with soluble GAT, but not those primed with F(1) GAT-Mφ. Because responder parental mice develop both helper and suppressor T cells after immunization with GAT-Mφ, and soluble GAT preferentially stimulates suppressor T cells whereas GAT-Mφ stimulate helper T cells in nonresponder parental mice, these observations suggest that distinct subsets of T cells exist in F(1) mice which behave phenotypically as responder and nonresponder parental T cells after immunization with soluble GAT and GAT- Mφ.

scholarly journals B-cell influences on the induction of allotype suppressor T cells

1979 ◽  
Vol 150 (1) ◽  
pp. 174-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
SJ Black ◽  
LA Herzenberg
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
B Cells ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Suppressor Cells ◽  
Helper T Cells ◽  
Perinatal Exposure ◽  
B Cell Differentiation ◽  
Suppressor T Cells ◽  
B Cell Maturation ◽  
Early Establishment

Allotype suppressor T-cell (Ts) populations that persist for the life of the animal arise in (BALB/c × SJL)F(1) hybrids exposed perinatally to antibody to the paternal (Ig-1b) allotype on IgG(2a)-isotype immunoglobulin H chains. These Ts suppress Ig-lb production by depleting the supply of allotype- specific helper T cells (Th) required, in addition to carrier-specific Th, for the latter stages of Ig-1b memory B-cell differentiation. In this publication, we show that specific Ig-1 allotype Ts are induced by perinatal exposure to antisera which interfere with normal B-cell maturation, i.e., by antibodies reactive with surface IgM on immature precursors of IgG(2a), memory cells. Antibodies to IgM (Ig-6) allotypes carried on precursors induce specific suppression for the IgG2, allotype produced by progeny of the target precursor. Anti-Ig-6a and anti-Ig-6b induce Ts that specifically suppress Ig-1a and Ig-1b, respectively. Heterologous (goat) anti-IgM induces suppression for both IgG(2a) immunoglobulins (Ig-1a and Ig-1b). Ts activity in these antiprecursor-Ig-suppressed mice is expressed in adoptive transfer assays and, as with anti-Ig-1b-induced Ts, is rendered ineffective by cotransfer of adequate numbers of T cells but not B cells from nonsuppressed mice. The Ts induction, in contrast with Ts expression, is reversed by the introduction of appropriate adult B-cell populations from nonsuppressed donors. Taken together, these data suggest that the development of mature B cells plays a central role in the early establishment of the balance between helper cells and suppressor cells that determines whether Ts or Th will dominate in regulating Ig-1b production in adult animals.

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